Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /NREMT Practice Questions Part 2

NREMT Practice Questions Part 2

Anatomy and Physiology70 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This flashcard reviews basic anatomy relevant to EMS and medical emergencies. It identifies the pancreas as the organ responsible for insulin production, which is crucial for managing blood glucose levels, especially in diabetic patients.

The production of insulin occurs in the
A. pancreas
B. liver
C. gallbladder
D. kidney

A

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

The production of insulin occurs in the
A. pancreas
B. liver
C. gallbladder
D. kidney

A

You are treating a 62-year-old female patient who is complaining of shortness of breath, chest pain, and is coughing up a frothy sputum. You would suspect this patient has:
A. right sided congestive heart failure
B. left sided congestive heart failure
C. emphysema
D. pneumonia

B

You arrive on the scene of a 2 year old that has a barking cough, low-grade fever, and cold-like symptoms. You suspect

Croup

The three main bones of the arm are the:
A. humerus, tibia, and radius
B. humerus, ulna, and fibula
C. humerus, tibia, and fibula
D. humerus, ulna, and radius

D. humerus, ulna, and radius

Which of the following is not considered a significant mechanism of injury for an adult?
A. roll-over vehicle
B. falls greater than 10 feet
C. penetrations of head, chest, or abdomen
D. ejection from vehicle

B

Your patient has what appears to be a dislocated shoulder. Treatment for this patient should be:
A. sling and swathe the injured shoulder
B. immobilize the arm to the side of the patient
C. reset the shoulder and then immobilize
D. wrap the upper body in a pillow and immobilize both arms

A

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TermDefinition

The production of insulin occurs in the
A. pancreas
B. liver
C. gallbladder
D. kidney

A

You are treating a 62-year-old female patient who is complaining of shortness of breath, chest pain, and is coughing up a frothy sputum. You would suspect this patient has:
A. right sided congestive heart failure
B. left sided congestive heart failure
C. emphysema
D. pneumonia

B

You arrive on the scene of a 2 year old that has a barking cough, low-grade fever, and cold-like symptoms. You suspect

Croup

The three main bones of the arm are the:
A. humerus, tibia, and radius
B. humerus, ulna, and fibula
C. humerus, tibia, and fibula
D. humerus, ulna, and radius

D. humerus, ulna, and radius

Which of the following is not considered a significant mechanism of injury for an adult?
A. roll-over vehicle
B. falls greater than 10 feet
C. penetrations of head, chest, or abdomen
D. ejection from vehicle

B

Your patient has what appears to be a dislocated shoulder. Treatment for this patient should be:
A. sling and swathe the injured shoulder
B. immobilize the arm to the side of the patient
C. reset the shoulder and then immobilize
D. wrap the upper body in a pillow and immobilize both arms

A

You arrive on the scene to discover a patient who refuses to allow you to touch her. You feel the patient is in need in treatment and attempt to take her blood pressure. You have just committed:
A. an assault
B. battery
C. negligence
D. an act befitting your profession

B

You are assessing a 24-year-old male who was involved in a bar room brawl. Witnesses say the patient was struck with a barstool. The patient is unresponsive. You note battle signs on your assessment. This is a sign of:
A. intracranial bleeding
B. basilar skull fracture
C. epidural hematoma
D. subdural hematoma

B

Your patient is vomiting large amounts of bright red blood. The patient does not complain of any pain or tenderness in the abdomen during your assessment. The patient's pulse is 128 and he is having difficulty breathing. His skin is pale, cool and clammy. You noticed he has a jaundiced appearance. You would suspect this patient has:
A. pancreatitis
B. esophageal varices
C. abdominal aortic aneurysm
D. appendicitis

B

There are three stages of labor. In the second stage of labor.
A. labor pains develop
C. the cervix becomes dilated
C. the baby is born
D. the placenta is expelled

C

You are at the scene of a mass casualty incident. Who is in charge of the overall scene?
A. the EMT-B
B. the incident commander
C. the paramedic
D. the medical director

B

You arrive at the scene of a possible unconscious patient located in a lab setting. On the exterior of the room there is a NFPA diamond with a 4 in the blue portion of the diamond. This is an:
A. extreme health hazard
B. extreme fire hazard
C. extreme reactivity hazard
D. extreme water reactivity

A

You have just intubated a patient in cardiac arrest. Your partner tells you he hears breath sounds on the right side but not on the left. You would suspect:
A. intubated the right stem bronchus
B. intubated the left stem bronchus
C. are in the proper position
D. are in the esophagu

A

You are attempting to intubate a patient. The vocal cords appear anterior and you are having a difficult time visualizing them. You could
A. have your partner try
B. ask your partner to perform the Sellick maneuver
C. insert the laryngoscope further
D. wait until you get to the hospital

B

Which of the following medications is an EMT-B not allowed to assist the patient in taking?
A. the neighbor's nitroglycerin for chest pain
B. an albuterol inhaler for shortness of breath
C. the patient's nitroglycerin of chest pain
D. the patient's epipen for an allergic reaction

A

Which of the following is not part of the history or secondary exam?
A. form a general impression of the patient
B. take the patient's history
C. conduct a physical exam
D. take baseline vitals

A

In which age is capillary refill most useful?
A. infants only
B. patients less than six years of age
C. patients greater than six years of age
D. all ages

B

You are assessing a conscious patient complaining of chest pain. Which mnemonic will assist you in assessing the patient's current chief complaint?
A. DCAP-BTLS
B. SAMPLE
C. OPQRST
D. ABC

C

The patient you are treating has white, waxy skin on both hands. The patient's hands feel as if they're frozen. They are swollen and you notice that blisters are forming. Which of the following would you not want to do in caring for the patient.
A. rub the hands
B. remove any jewelry
C. cover the hands with dry sterile dressings
D. leave blisters intact

A

The kidneys are located in the
A. upper abdominal quadrant
B. peritoneum
C. lower abdominal quadrant
D. pelvic region

A

The right side of the heart has a three-flap valve called the
A. tri-valve
B. semilunar valve
C. mitral valve
D. tricuspid valve

D

Which of the following is a late sign of shock?
A. hypotension
B. tachycardia
C. cyanosis
D. anxiety

A

You should never approach a helicopter from the:
A. front
B. rear
C. left
D. right

B

EMTs should wear high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirators when they are in contact with patients who would have which of the following?
A. HIV
B. TB
C. open wounds
D. hepatitis B

B

You are called to assist a 60-year-old female who consists of a severe headache. Upon entering the home, you smell a strong odor of natural gas. What is your first action?
A. check the patient's airway, breathing and circulation
B. insert a nasopharyngeal airway and assess vital signs
C. remove the patient from the house to your ambulance
D. open all the windows and determine the source of the gas leak

C

The most common electrical rhythm disturbance that results in sudden cardiac arrest is called:
A. pulseless electrical activity
B. ventricular fibrillation
C. ventricular tachycardia
D. asystole

B

Which of the following is the highest priority patient?
A. 57 year old male with chest pain and systolic blood pressure of 80
B. 40 year old female with moderate pain from a leg injury
C. 75 year old male who appears confused but responds to commands
D. 25 year old female in labor with contractions six minutes apart

A

Of the following, which body fluid has the most potential to transmit blood-borne diseases?
A. nasal discharge
B. vomitus
C. amniotic fluid
D. feces

C

Your patient is an 11-month-old female. How can you determine if she was decreased mental status and is responsive to verbal stimuli?
A. she will be upset when you take her from her mother's arms
B. she will be unable to tell you how old she is if you ask her
C. she will attempt to locate her parents' voices when they speak
D. she will try to pull away from a painful stimulus on her toe

C

What is the best method to assess circulation in an infant?
A. palpate the carotid pulse
B. palpate the brachial pulse
C. palpate the radial pulse
D. observe capillary refill time

B

A 45 year old male is experiencing chest discomfort. After placing him in his position of comfort, your next action should be to
A. ventilate the patient with a nonrebreather mask at 15L/min
B. ventilate the patient with the bag-valve-mask at 15L/min
C. administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 15L/min
D. administer oxygen by the nasal cannula at 6L/min

C

Which patient should receive a rapid trauma survey to determine hidden injuries?
A. alert 2-year-old child in car seat who was in a medium-speed crash
B. alert 20-year-old male who fell ten feet and is complaining of leg pain
C. alert 65-year-old female who fell in the bathtub and is complaining of wrist pain
D. alert 11-year-old who tripped while roller-skating and fell down three steps

A

After arriving at the hospital you notice blood on your stretcher. The most appropriate way to disinfect the stretcher is a(n)
A. 1:10 ratio of bleach to water solution
B. 1:100 ratio of bleach to water solution
C. 1:1000 ratio of bleach to water solution
D. straight bleach solution

A

In which of the following situations may an EMT-B place their hands in a patient's vagina?
A. there is never an incident that allows this
B. a breech birth
C. to examine the vagina
D. to relieve pressure on a prolapsed cord

D

Which of the following is NOT a risk for a stroke?
A. previous TIA
B. diabetes
C. hypervolemia
D. hypertension

C

During your assessment you find a possible fractured leg and hear the bones grinding together. This is called:
A. crepitus
B. complete fracture
C. subcutaneous fracture
D. multi-linear fracture

A

You are the first on the scene of a mass casualty incident. Your responsibility is to
A. treat the first patient with life-threatening injury
B. begin removing the patients from the scene
C. establish treatment
D. begin triaging the patients

D

To assess the motor function in the lower extremities of a responsive patient you want to:
A. ask the patient to wiggle his toes
B. ask the patient to bend his knees
C. carefully move the patient's leg
D. touch the skin of the patient's foot

A

Which patient can safely receive only a focused physical examination rather than a rapid trauma assessment?
A. 10 year old male with deformed right lower leg who is responsive after falling off his bicycle
B. 20 year old female who complains of severe pain in her ankle after stepping off a curb
C. 70 year old male who complains of neck pain after a medium speed car collision
D. 30 year old male who is unresponsive but only has minor cuts on the extremities

B

Immediately after delivering a shock with an AED t a patient in cardiac arrest, you should:
A. check for a pulse
B. check breathing and provide rescue breaths as necessary
C. analyze with the AED and shock again if indicated
D. do CPR

D

In which of the following situations should you call for immediate assistance?
A. you must care for two critical patients with gunshot wounds
B. your patient is a 26 year old female in active labor
C. your patient is a child with fever who has had a brief seizure
D. your partner is needed to stabilize the cervical spine

A

The air sacs in the lung where oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange occurs are the
A. bronchioles
B. bronchi
C. epiglottis
D. alveoli

D

Which of the following is a sign of inadequate breathing?
A. warm, dry skin
B. no audible sounds
C. equal chest expansion
D. accessory muscle use

D

Pink or bloody sputum is often seen in patients with
A. pulmonary edema
B. anaphylaxis
C. allergic reaction
D. flu

D

A patient complaining of facial paralysis on one side of his face with tearing, localized pain, and sensitivity may be suffering from the most common form of facial paralysis called:
A. dystonia
B. muscular dystrophy
C. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
D. bell's palsy

D

A gurgling sound heard with artificial ventilation is a sign that
A. the patient must be suctioned immediately
B. supplemental oxygen should be added to the gas-valve mask
C. the airway is most likely open, patent, and clear
D. the patient is trying to communicate with you

A

If a person was hit by an object described in the following, which would have the potential to cause the most damage?
A. one-pound object traveling at 10 mph
B. two-pound object traveling at 20 mph
C. one-pound object traveling at 30 mph
D. one-pound object traveling at 20 mph

C

Which rhythm often converts to ventricular fibrillation?
A. asystole
B. ventricular tachycardia
C. atrial fibrillation
D. atrial tachycardia

B

You are transporting a patient who has been resuscitated but is still unresponsive. You should check the patient's pulse every:
A. 30 seconds
B. 1 minute
C. 5 minutes
D. ten minutes

C

What is the primary action of nitroglycerin?
A. lower the blood pressure
B. contract the heart muscles
C. slow the heart rate down
D. dilate the coronary arteries

D

Patients commonly describe heart attack pain as which of the following characteristics?
A. like pin needles
B. crushing or squeezing
C. intermittent (it comes and goes)
D. less severe than indigestion

B

In pedestrian versus automobile impacts, which of the following statements are true?
A. children often turn toward the impact and are often thrown down and under the vehicle
B. adults tend to turn toward the vehicle before impact
C. children often turn towards the impact and are often scooped and thrown over the vehicle
D. there tends to be no difference in the way adults and children respond in these situations

A

Your patient has profuse bleeding from a wound on her lower leg but no signs of skeletal injury. The steps you should take to stop the bleeding in the correct order, are:
A. direct pressure, elevation, pressure dressing and pressure point
B. pressure point, tourniquet, and concentrated or diffuse direct pressure
C. pneumatic anti-shock garments (PASG), lower extremity elevation, and diffuse direct pressure
D. elevation, pressure point, pressure dressing and PASG

A

Where should you place your hands when using the head-tilt chin-lift maneuver to open an unconscious patient's airway?
A. on the nose, with the fingertips pinching it closed, and under the neck
B. on the nose, with the fingertips pinching it closed, and on the forehead
C. on the forehead, with the other hand under the neck
D. on the forehead, with the fingertips of the other hand under the lower jaw

D

When performing the modified jaw-thrust maneuver to open your patient's airway, which of the following steps is NOT correct?
A. stabilize the patient's cervical spine with your forearms
B. rest your elbows on the same surface as the patient
C. tilt the head by applying gentle pressure to the forehead
D. use your index fingers to push the angles of the lower jaw forward

D

Following an explosion, a patient is trapped in a collapsed structure and suffers crush injuries to both lower extremities. How would the injuries be classified based on the blast-injury phase?
A. primary blast injury
B. secondary blast injury
C. tertiary blast injury
D. none of the above

C

When splinting an injured limb, you should assess pulse, motor function, and sensation distal to the injury
A. after applying the splint
B. before applying the splint
C. while applying the splint
D. before and after applying the splint

D

The golden hour in emergency medicine refers to the first 60 minutes after the
A. arrival of EMS
B. occurrence of multisystem trauma
C. arrival at the emergency room
D. start of surgery

B

Your patient is a 25-year-old female who is severely hypothermic after having plunged into an icy river. Although she was rescued after only a few minutes in the water, she is showing a diminished level of responsiveness. Your care should include
A. encouraging the patient to walk in order to improve her circulation
B. covering the patient in blankets and turning up the heat in the ambulance
C. giving her hot coffee or tea to drink and massaging her extremities
D. beginning active rewarming measures under direct medical direction

B

Your unconscious patient has blood in his airway. You should:
A. use a suction unit to immediately clear the airway
B. apply oxygen using a nonrebreather mask at 15L/min
C. use a bag-valve mask to clear the airway
D. perform a finger sweep to remove the blockage

A

Your patient is behaving abnormally but refuses treatment after falling down a flight of stairs. Before transporting the patient without consent, you should:
A. document the presence of any injury
B. ask bystanders to serve as witnesses
C. have bystanders help talk him into care
D. contact medical direction for advice

B

You should not suction a patient's airway for more than 15 seconds because:
A. the patient's tongue may be injured
B. the suction unit's batter may drain too quickly
C. the patient will become hypoxic during this time
D. you may cause the patient to vomit

C

Which of the following is true regarding using a pocket mask to ventilate a nonbreathing patient?
A. there is direct contact between the rescuer and the patient's mouth
B. oxygen cannot be connected to the mask
C. a one-way valve prevents exhaled air from contacting the rescuer
D. oxygen levels of 100% may be achieved

C

To which patient should you administer oral glucose?
A. 60-year-old female behaving as if she is intoxicated, and whose daughter informs you that she takes insulin by injection
B. 45-year-old male with a history of diabetes behaving erratically after falling and hitting his head in the bathtub
C. 70-year-old male with a long history of diabetes who is unconscious and cannot swallow
D. 52-year-old female who tells you that she is feeling dizzy and has low blood sugar

A

The focused history for patients with altered mental status should include questions about a history of trauma, diabetes, seizures and which of the following?
A. heart disease
B. pregnancy
C. fever
D. stress

C

All of the following may be signs of an allergic reaction except:
A. headache and dizziness
B. rapid, labored breathing
C. decreased blood pressure
D. decreased heart rate

D

Under medical direction, the EMT-Basic may administer epinephrine to a patient with respiratory distress or hypoperfusion resulting from an allergic reaction if the:
A. patient has no history of heart disease
B. patient is in severe respiratory distress or arrest
C. medication has been prescribed for this patient
D. medication has been stored in the refrigerator

C

Ethics is best described as:
A. the principles of conduct, concerns for what is right or wrong, good or bad
B. a code of conduct put forward by a society or some other group such as religion
C. the principle of doing good for the patient
D. the obligation to treat all patients fairly

A

A sign of generalized cold emergency, or hypothermia, is cool skin on the
A. feet or hands
B. ears
C. face
D. abdomen

D

Which of the following indicates that a patient with hyperthermia is in serious danger?
A. hot skin
B. moist skin
C. muscles cramps
D. dizziness

A