Back to AI Flashcard MakerPharmacy Technician Certification Exam /Pharm Y2S2 - Tabletting Part 1
Pharm Y2S2 - Tabletting Part 1
This deck covers key concepts in tablet coating and drug stability, including types of coatings, manufacturing processes, and factors affecting drug stability.
What is a coat?
A dry, outer layer of material applied to the surface of a dosage form to improve different properties such as the release of the drug
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
What is a coat?
A dry, outer layer of material applied to the surface of a dosage form to improve different properties such as the release of the drug
What are the types of coating?
Film coating Sugar coating Compression coating
What methods of bed coating are used?
Fluidised or pan bed coating
What is an immediate release film coat used for?
Non-biological properties such as appearance
What is a modified release film coat used for?
Delaying or controlling drug release
Give examples of film coating compounds.
Polymers : HMPC / MC or EC / cellulose acetate for modified release Plasticisers : PEG, PG or diethyl phthalate Colourants : iron oxide or titanium di...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What is a coat? | A dry, outer layer of material applied to the surface of a dosage form to improve different properties such as the release of the drug |
What are the types of coating? | Film coating Sugar coating Compression coating |
What methods of bed coating are used? | Fluidised or pan bed coating |
What is an immediate release film coat used for? | Non-biological properties such as appearance |
What is a modified release film coat used for? | Delaying or controlling drug release |
Give examples of film coating compounds. | Polymers : HMPC / MC or EC / cellulose acetate for modified release Plasticisers : PEG, PG or diethyl phthalate Colourants : iron oxide or titanium dioxide Solvated compounds : organic polymer solutions |
What will affect the properties of the coat? | The methods and conditions of the coating process |
What are some problems with coating? | Erosion Peeling - due to excess moisture inside Breakage - due to poor mechanical strength |
How long can sugar coating take? | > 8 hours |
What is the process of sugar coating? | Seal porous core with : shellac, PVAP or CAP Sub-coat with bulking agents, anti-adherents and binders Smoothing : adding a coat to sub-coat Colouring Polish with wax Print with edible ink (if necessary) |
What is compression coating? | A novel drug development process - it is a dry process that requires specialist equipment |
What is the 1st compression stage for? | Making the core |
What is the 2nd compression stage for? | Making the coating |
What does compression coating allow you to do? | Formulate 2 drugs together, one in the core and the other in the coat |
What are soft gels good for? | Poorly soluble drugs Potent drug Liquid formulations |
What is the process of manufacturing soft gels? | Gelatin preparation Material preparation Encapsulation Drying Inspection Polishing Packaging |
How are hard capsules supplied? | As closed units which have to be filled |
What is the process of manufacturing hard capsules? | Capsules are separated by a vacuum Check if they open Eject unopened ones Fill with pellet/granule/powder for injection Recover unused powder Rejoin and eject capsules Clean any residue left behind and repeat the process again |
Define drug stability | Length of time a drug retains its chemical and physical properties without any loss of potency |
Which drug becomes toxic in the presence of water? | Flucytosine - formulate in absence of water |
What modes of degradation can a drug undergo? | Hydrolysis Oxidation Dimerisation Isomeric changes Photodegradation Photodegradation Conformational changes |
What happens to ascorbic acid when oxidised? | Converts to dehydroascorbic acid - reversible reaction in the body. But it can irreversibly convert to 2,3-diketogluoinc acid |
What catalyses photodegradation? | UV at wavelength 300-400nm |
What are transacetylation reactions? | The moving of a functional group to another - this can remove functionality |
What is the Maillard reaction? | This react occurs between lactose and amides. A glucosamine is formed. |
What can be avoided by use of mannitol as a diluent? | Maillard reaction | glycoamination |
What is forced stability testing? | Exposing material to harsh conditions |
What properties should analytical methods used have? | Sensitive to pick up small amounts Selective to pick up all degradation Reproducible |
What are the advantages of oral drug delivery to the patient? | Improved compliance Convenient Safe and easy to use Carry multiple doses Accurate Reproducible doses |
What are the disadvantages of oral drug delivery? | Needs a serious of unit processes Drug absorption is dependent on gastric emptying Compression difficulties Certain patient groups can't take tablets |