Psychological - W7 - Chapter 12 (Keywords) - DN Part 1
This deck Acculturation is the process by which an individual’s thoughts, behaviors, values, and identity change as they adapt to a new cultural environment.
acculturation
the process an individuals thoughts, behaviours, values, identity & worldview develop in relation to
general thinking, behaviour, customs, & values of a particular cultural group
p.436-439
Key Terms
acculturation
the process an individuals thoughts, behaviours, values, identity & worldview develop in relation to
general thinking, behaviour, customs...
acquiescent response style
agreeable responding to whatever is presented
also referred to as acquiescence
p.405
Big Five
OCEAN
Openness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
p.420
Compare The Big Five to Cattell’s Five
**BIG 5 ** CATTELL’S 5
Openness Tough-Mindedness / Receptivity
Conscientiousness Low Self-Control / High Self Control...
control group
in test development
by means of empirical criterion keying
a group of randomly selected testtakers who do not necessarily have the shar...
criterion
standard against which a test or test score is evaluated
p. 421
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
acculturation | the process an individuals thoughts, behaviours, values, identity & worldview develop in relation to general thinking, behaviour, customs, & values of a particular cultural group p.436-439 |
acquiescent response style | agreeable responding to whatever is presented also referred to as acquiescence p.405 |
Big Five | OCEAN Openness Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism p.420 |
Compare The Big Five to Cattell’s Five | **BIG 5 ** CATTELL’S 5 Openness Tough-Mindedness / Receptivity Conscientiousness Low Self-Control / High Self Control Extraversion Intraversion / Extraversion Agreeableness Independence /Accommodation Neuroticism Low Anxiety / High Anxiety p.420 |
control group | in test development by means of empirical criterion keying a group of randomly selected testtakers who do not necessarily have the shared characteristic of the standardization sample p.424 |
criterion | standard against which a test or test score is evaluated p. 421 |
criterion group | a reference group of testtakers share characteristics response serve as a standard by which items will be included or discarded from final version of scale shared characteristic varies as a function of nature & scope of the test being developed p.421-423 |
empirical criterion keying | process of using criterion groups to develop test items the scoring/keying of items has been empirically proven to differentiate among groups of testtakers p.421 |
error of central tendency | raters tendency to rate at or near the midpoint of a scale resulting in less than accurate ratings p.403 |
forced-choice format | an item format used in personality tests testtaker must select an item from two or more items each of the two or more items have been proven to be equal in social desirability p.412 |
frame of reference | in the context of item format aspects of the focus of the item e.g., time frame - past, present or future p.411 |
generosity error | rater’s tendency to be lenient or insufficiently critical results in less than accurate rating also known as leniency error p.205, 403 |
graphology | handwriting analysis for the purpose of deriving insights into personality p. 410 |
halo effect | a type of rating error rater views the object of rating with extreme favour inflates ratings resulting in rater’s tendency to be positively disposed & insufficiently critical p.206, 403 |
identity | * a set of cognitive & behavioural characteristics define an individual as member of a particular group defines individual’s sense of self p.438 |
idiographic approach | approach to personality assessment involves efforts to learn about individual’s unique constellation of personality traits with no attempt to characterise each person according to any particular set of traits contrast with nomothetic approach p.414 |
impression management | In self-report personality testing ‘faking good’ ‘faking bad’ attempting to manipulate other’s impressions by selective exposure of information suppression of other information p.405 |
instrumental values | guiding principles in obtaining some objective e.g., honesty & ambition contrast with terminal values p.438 |
leniency error | rater’s tendency to be lenient or insufficiently critical results in less than accurate rating also known as generosity error p.205, 403 |
locus of control | the self-perceived source of what happens to oneself p. 408 |
nomothetic approach | approach to assessment involves efforts to learn how a limited number of personality traits can be applied to all people contrast with ideographic approach p.414 |
personality | an individuals unique constellation of psychological traits & states including aspects of values interests attitudes worldview acculturation sense of personal identity sense of humour cognitive & behavioural styles & related charcteristics p.394 |
personality assessment | measurement & evaluation of psychological traits states values interests attitudes worldview acculturation personal identity sense of humour cognitive & behavioural styles &/or related individual characteristics |
personality profile | description, graph, or table representing an individuals particular pattern of traits and states p.398 |
personality trait | distinguishable relatively enduring ways one individual varies from another p.394-396 |
personality type | constellation of traits & states similar in pattern to one already identified within a taxonomy of personalities p.396-398 |