Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /Psychology - Chapter 10 Developmental Psychology - Important Concepts Part 3
Psychology - Chapter 10 Developmental Psychology - Important Concepts Part 3
This deck covers important concepts from Chapter 10 of Developmental Psychology, focusing on temperamental styles, attachment, parenting styles, identity, and moral development.
What are the three temperamental styles according to Thomas and Chess?
Easy infants - adaptable and relaxed Difficult infants - fussy and easily frustrated Slow-to-warm-up infants - disturbed by new stimuli at first, but gradually adjust to them Rest
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
What are the three temperamental styles according to Thomas and Chess?
Easy infants - adaptable and relaxed Difficult infants - fussy and easily frustrated Slow-to-warm-up infants - disturbed by new stimuli at first, b...
What is the additional temperamental style, not proposed by Thomas and Chess?
Behavioural inhibition - scaredy cats
Which experiment showed contact comfort?
Rhesus monkey - surrogate mother experiment
What are the different attachment styles?
1 - Secure attachment, 2 - Insecure-avoidant attachment, 3 - Insecure-anxious attachment, 4 - Disorganized attachment
Describe the infants reaction to the mother leaving and returning for each attachment style.
Secure attachment - infant reacts to mothers departure by being upset, greets her with joy upon return, Insecture-avoidant attachment - little reactio...
What are the shortcomings of the strange situation?
Mono-operation bias - relies on a single measure to draw conclusions, not very reliable
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What are the three temperamental styles according to Thomas and Chess? | Easy infants - adaptable and relaxed Difficult infants - fussy and easily frustrated Slow-to-warm-up infants - disturbed by new stimuli at first, but gradually adjust to them Rest |
What is the additional temperamental style, not proposed by Thomas and Chess? | Behavioural inhibition - scaredy cats |
Which experiment showed contact comfort? | Rhesus monkey - surrogate mother experiment |
What are the different attachment styles? | 1 - Secure attachment, 2 - Insecure-avoidant attachment, 3 - Insecure-anxious attachment, 4 - Disorganized attachment |
Describe the infants reaction to the mother leaving and returning for each attachment style. | Secure attachment - infant reacts to mothers departure by being upset, greets her with joy upon return, Insecture-avoidant attachment - little reaction when she leaves and returns, Insecure-anxious attachment - panics when she leaves, mixed emotions when she returns, Disorganized attachment - confused in both cases |
What are the shortcomings of the strange situation? | Mono-operation bias - relies on a single measure to draw conclusions, not very reliable |
What are the different parenting styles? | Permissive, Authoritarian, Authorative, Uninvolved |
Describe permissive parenting styles. | Lenient, use discipline sparingly, shower kids with affection |
Describe authoritarian parenting styles. | Strict - allow little time for free play/exploration, Punish children when they don't respond accordingly, little affection shown |
Describe authoritative parenting styles. | Supportive of children, set clear and firm limits, (mix of authoritarian and permissive) |
Describe uninvolved parenting styles. | Neglectful parents | Ignore children |
Which parenting style is best in individualistic countries? | Collectivist? | Authoritative | Authoritarian |
Which is worse for children's development? | When parents have mild conflict before divorce, or more conflict? | Mild |
What is delay-of-gratification task? | What does it predict? | Children can get a bigger reward if they wait longer. | Predicts superior coping ability with frustration as adolescents. |
What is sex segregation? | Children's understanding that they fit better with their same sex. |
What is an identity crisis? | Confusion most adolescents experience regarding their sense of self |
What is a psychosocial crisis? | Dilemma concerning our relations to other people. |
What is role experimentation? | Period during which emerging adults struggle to find out their identities and life goals |
What are moral dilemmas? | Situations in which there are no clear right or wrong answers |
What is objective responsibility? | Children in the concrete operations stage will evaluate a person by how much harm they've done |
What is subjective responsibility? | In the formal operations stage, children tend to evaluate people in terms of their intentions to produce harm |
What were Kohlberg's different levels of morality? | What was the focus for each? | Preconcentional morality - focus on punishment/reward, Conventional morality - focus on societal values, Post-conventional morality - focus on internal moral principles transcending society |
Other than chronological age, what are four other indices that can be used? Briefly describe. | Biological age - based on how well the organs work, Psychological age - capacity to deal with stressors of an ever-changing environment, Functional age - person's ability to function in given roles in society, Social age - whether people act according to social behaviours typical of their age |