Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /Psychology - Chapter 10 Developmental Psychology - Important Concepts Part 2
Psychology - Chapter 10 Developmental Psychology - Important Concepts Part 2
This deck covers key concepts from developmental psychology, focusing on cognitive development theories, Piaget's stages, and related psychological theories.
What are stage like theories of cognitive development?
Characterized by sudden spurts of knowledge followed by periods of stability
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
What are stage like theories of cognitive development?
Characterized by sudden spurts of knowledge followed by periods of stability
What are domain general theories of cognitive development?
Children’s cognitive development affects most areas of cognitive function at once.
What are continuous theories of cognitive development?
Gradual, incremental changes in understanding occur over time.
What are the ways in which cognitive theories of development differ?
1 - Stage-like vs. continuous, 2 - Domain-general vs. domain-specific, 3 - Primary source of learning: - physical experience, social interaction, biol...
What are the different perceived primary sources of learning according to theorists of cognitive development?
Biological maturation, Physical experiences, Social interaction
Piaget's model had cognitive change marked by what? | Describe it.
Equilibration, maintaining a balance between our experiences of the world and our thoughts about it, Process of assimilation and accommodation lead to...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What are stage like theories of cognitive development? | Characterized by sudden spurts of knowledge followed by periods of stability |
What are domain general theories of cognitive development? | Children’s cognitive development affects most areas of cognitive function at once. |
What are continuous theories of cognitive development? | Gradual, incremental changes in understanding occur over time. |
What are the ways in which cognitive theories of development differ? | 1 - Stage-like vs. continuous, 2 - Domain-general vs. domain-specific, 3 - Primary source of learning: - physical experience, social interaction, biological maturation |
What are the different perceived primary sources of learning according to theorists of cognitive development? | Biological maturation, Physical experiences, Social interaction |
Piaget's model had cognitive change marked by what? | Describe it. | Equilibration, maintaining a balance between our experiences of the world and our thoughts about it, Process of assimilation and accommodation lead to equilibration |
What are the stages of development, according to Piaget. Provide the age spans as well. | 1 - Sensorimotor stage - 0-2 years, 2 - Preoperational stage - 2-7 years, 3 - Concrete operations stage - 7-11, 4 - Formal operations stage - 11-further |
What do children in the sensorimotor stage lack? What do they focus on? What is the major milestone for this stage? | Lack object permanence, Focus on the here and now, Major milestone - mental representation |
What is mental representation? | The ability to think about things that are absent from the immediate surroundings, such as remembering previously encountered objects |
What do children in the preoperational stage use as representations of ideas? What is this stage hampered by? What is this stage characterized by? What tasks are done here? | Language, objects, drawings (can be used as representations of ideas), Stage hampered by egocentrism, Stage characterized by inability to perform mental operations, Conservation tasks |
Children in the concrete operations stage can now pass what? What other tasks can they do? What is the stage characterized by? What are they poor at? | Can now pass conservation tasks, Can complete organization tasks, Stage characterized by ability to perform mental operations on physical events only, Poor at performing mental operations on hypothetical situations. |
A con of Piaget's theory is that much of the development is more rather than. | Continuous rather than stage-like |
What was Piaget's attempt to explain the domain-general cases? What was the issue with this? | Horizontal decalage: cases in which a child is more advanced in one cognitive domain than another, Difficult to falsify |
Psychologists today, due to Piaget's influence, have reconceptualized cognitive development by what? (3 things) | 1 - Children are viewed different in kind rather than degree, 2 - Learning is active, rather than passive, 3 - more domain specific than general |
Piaget emphasized what as the primary source of learning? | Vygotsky? | Physical interaction - Piaget| Social interaction - Vygotsky |
General cognitive accounts are more similar to whose theory? | How are they different? | Similar to Piaget in that they emphasize general cognitive abilities and acquired (Rather than innate) knowledge. Differ: gradual rather than stage-like |
Sociocultural accounts resemble whose theory most closely? | Vygotsky |
Modular accounts emphasize what type of learning? | Domain-specific |
What are naive physics? | A young child's basic understanding of how physical objects behave |
What is a false-belief task? | Tests children's ability to understand that someone else believes something they know to be wrong. (Test: child hides candy in one place, moves away, mother moves them to a different place. Ask the tested child where the fictional child would look for the candy) |