Psychology - Chapter 12 Stress, Health, and Coping
Stress is the emotional and physical response that occurs when external demands or stressors challenge our ability to cope effectively. It can lead to feelings of tension, strain, and physiological reactions in the body.
the tension, discomfort, or physical symptoms that arise when a situation, called a stressor - a type of stimulus - strains our ability to cope effectively
stress
Key Terms
the tension, discomfort, or physical symptoms that arise when a situation, called a stressor - a type of stimulus - strains our ability to cope effectively
stress
initial decision regarding whether an event is harmful
primary appraisal
perceptions regarding our ability to cope with an event that follows primary appraisal
secondary appraisal
coping strategy by which we problem solve and tackle life’s challenges head-on
problem-focused coping
coping strategy that features a posiitve outlook on feelings or situations accompanied by behaviours that reudce painful emotions
emotion-focused coping
stress hormone that activates the body and prepares us to respond to stressful circumstances
corticosteroid
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
the tension, discomfort, or physical symptoms that arise when a situation, called a stressor - a type of stimulus - strains our ability to cope effectively | stress |
initial decision regarding whether an event is harmful | primary appraisal |
perceptions regarding our ability to cope with an event that follows primary appraisal | secondary appraisal |
coping strategy by which we problem solve and tackle life’s challenges head-on | problem-focused coping |
coping strategy that features a posiitve outlook on feelings or situations accompanied by behaviours that reudce painful emotions | emotion-focused coping |
stress hormone that activates the body and prepares us to respond to stressful circumstances | corticosteroid |
minnor annoyance or nuissance that strains our ability to cope | hassle |
stress response pattern proposed by Hanse Selye that consists of three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion | general adaptation syndrome (GAS) |
physical and psychological reaction that mobilizes people and animals to either defened themselves (flight) or escape (flee) a threatening situation | fight-or-flight response |
reaction that mobilizes people to nurture (tend) or seek social support (befriend) under stress | tend and befriend response |
our body’s defence system against invading bacteria, viruses, and other potentially illness-producing organisms and substances | immune system |
a life-threatening, incurable, yet treatable condition in which the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attacks and damges the immune system | AIDS |
study of the relationship between the immune system and central nervous system | psychoneuroimmunology |
inflamed area in the GI tract that can cause pain, nausea, and loss of appetite | peptic ulcer |
illnesses such as asthma and ulcers in which emotions and stress contribute to, maintain, or aggravated the physical condition | psychophysiological |
the view that an illness or medical condition is the product of the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factor | biopsychosocial perspective |
damage to the heart from the complete or partial blockage of the arteris that provide oxygen to the heart | CHD - coronary heart disease |
Personality type that describes people who are competitive, driven, hostile, and ambitious | Type A personality |
relationships with people and groups that can provide us with emotional comfort and personal and financial resources | social support |
anticipation of problems and stressful situations that promotes effective coping | proactive coping |
set of attitudes marked by a sense of control over events, commitment to life and work, and courage and motivation to confront stressful circumstances | hardiness |
search for the sacred, which may or may not extend to belief in God | spirituality |
field of psychology, also called behavioural medicine, that integrates the behavioural sciences with the practice of medicine | health psychology |
exercise that promotes the use of oxygen in the body | aerobic exercise |
health care practices and products used in place of conventional medicine | alternative medicine |
health care practices and products used together with conventional medicine | complementary medicine |
feedback by a device that provides almost an immediate output of a biological function, such as heart rate or skin temperature | biofeedback |
a variety of practices that train attention and awareness | meditation |
ancient Chinese practice of inserting thin needles into more than 2000 points in the body to alter energy forces believed to run through the body | acupuncture |
remedies that feature a small dose of an illness-inducing substance to activate the body's own natural defences | homeopathic medicine |