Psychology - Chapter 9 - Key Words
An intelligence test is a diagnostic tool designed to assess a person’s overall cognitive abilities, including reasoning, problem-solving, memory, and understanding. These tests help evaluate intellectual strengths and weaknesses and are often used in educational, clinical, and occupational settings.
Diagnostic tool designed to measure overall thinking ability.
Intelligence test
Key Terms
Diagnostic tool designed to measure overall thinking ability.
Intelligence test
Capacity to undrestand hypothetical concepts
Abstract thinking
Hypothetical factor that accounts for overall differences in intellect among people
g (general intelligence)
Particular ability level in a narrow domain
s (specific abilities)
Capacity to learn new ways of solving problems
fluid intelligence
Accumulated knowledge of the world acquired over time.
crystallized intelligence
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Diagnostic tool designed to measure overall thinking ability. | Intelligence test |
Capacity to undrestand hypothetical concepts | Abstract thinking |
Hypothetical factor that accounts for overall differences in intellect among people | g (general intelligence) |
Particular ability level in a narrow domain | s (specific abilities) |
Capacity to learn new ways of solving problems | fluid intelligence |
Accumulated knowledge of the world acquired over time. | crystallized intelligence |
Idea that people vary in their ability levels across different domains of intellectual skill | Multiple intelligences |
Model of intelligence proposed by Robert Sternberg positing three distinct types of intelligenece: analytical, practical and creative. | Triarchic model |
Intelligence test based on the measure developed by Binet and Simon, adapted by Lewis Terman of Stanford University. | Stanford-Binet IQ test |
Systematic means of quantifying differences among people in their intelligence. | Intelligence quotient (IQ) |
Age corresponding to the average individual’s performance on an intelligence test | mental age |
Expression of a person’s IQ relative to his or her same-aged peers | Deviation IQ |
Movement in the early twentieth century to improve a population’s genetic stock by encouraging those with good genes to reproduce, discouraging those with bad genes from reproducing, or both | eugenics |
Most widely used intelligence test for adults today, consisting of 15 subtests to assess different types of mental abilities. | Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) |
Abstract reasoning measure that doesn’t depend on language and is often believed to be less influenced by cultural factors than other IQ tests | culture-fair IQ test |
Distribution of scores in which the bulk of the scores falls toward the middle, with progressively fewer scores toward the “tails” or extremes | bell curve |
Condition characterized by an onset prior to adulthood, an IQ below about 70, and an inability to engage in adequate daily functioning | intellectural disability |
Finding that average IQ scores have been rising at a rate of approximately three points per decade | Flynn effect |
Extent to which the variability of a trait within a group is genetically influenced | within-group heritability |
Extent to which the difference in a trait between groups is genetically influenced | Between-group heritability |
Tendency of a test to predict outcomes in one group better than in another | test bias |
Fear that we may confirm a negative group stereotype | stereotype threat |
Capacity to generate many different solutions to a problem | Divergent thinking |
Capacity to generate the single best solution to a problem | Convergent thinking |
Ability to understand our own emotions and those of others, and to apply this information to our daily lives | emotional intelligence |