Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /Psychology - Cognitive Area Loftus and Palmer (1974) Part 1
Psychology - Cognitive Area Loftus and Palmer (1974) Part 1
This deck covers key aspects of the Loftus and Palmer (1974) study on eyewitness testimony, including aims, methods, procedures, and findings.
What was the aim in Loftus and Palmer?
To test their hypothesis that the language used in eyewitness testimony can alter memory.
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
What was the aim in Loftus and Palmer?
To test their hypothesis that the language used in eyewitness testimony can alter memory.
What is the schema theory?
Schema theory proposes that memory is influenced by what an individual already knows, and that their use of past experience to deal with a new experie...
What was the research method used in experiment 1 and outline the DV and IV.
This was a laboratory experiment using an independent measures design. IV: the wording of a critical question hidden in a questionnaire. (hit / smashe...
What was the research method used in experiment 2 and outline the DV and IV.
A laboratory experiment using an independent measures design. IV: the wording on a question in a questionnaire: Worded smashed, hit or no word? One we...
What was the sample used in experiment 1?
45 students were divided into five groups with nine participants in each group
What was the sample used in experiment 2?
150 students were divided into three groups with 50 participants in each group
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What was the aim in Loftus and Palmer? | To test their hypothesis that the language used in eyewitness testimony can alter memory. |
What is the schema theory? | Schema theory proposes that memory is influenced by what an individual already knows, and that their use of past experience to deal with a new experience is a fundamental feature of the way the human mind works. |
What was the research method used in experiment 1 and outline the DV and IV. | This was a laboratory experiment using an independent measures design. IV: the wording of a critical question hidden in a questionnaire. (hit / smashed / collided / contacted / bumped) DV: the estimated speed given by the participant. |
What was the research method used in experiment 2 and outline the DV and IV. | A laboratory experiment using an independent measures design. IV: the wording on a question in a questionnaire: Worded smashed, hit or no word? One week later, all participants were asked to complete another questionnaire which contained the critical question, “Did you see any broken glass?” DV: whether the answer to this question was, “Yes/No. |
What was the sample used in experiment 1? | 45 students were divided into five groups with nine participants in each group |
What was the sample used in experiment 2? | 150 students were divided into three groups with 50 participants in each group |
Outline the procedure in experiment 1? | All participants were shown the same seven film clips of different traffic accidents which were originally made as part of a driver safety film. After each clip participants were given a questionnaire which asked them firstly to describe the accident and then answer a series of questions about the accident. There was one critical question in the questionnaire: “About how fast were the cars going when they hit each other?” One group was given this question while the other four groups were given the verbs “smashed’, ‘collided’, ‘contacted’ or ‘bumped’, instead of ‘hit’ |
Outline the procedure in experiment 2? | All participants were shown a one-minute film which contained a four-second multiple car crash. They were then given a questionnaire which asked them to describe the accident and answer a set of questions about the incident. One week later, all participants, without seeing the film again, completed another questionnaire about the accident which contained the further critical question, “Did you see any broken glass – Yes/No?” There had been no broken glass in the original film. |
What were the main findings for experiment 1? | Smashed produced the fastest speed estimates (40.5mph) and contacted the slowest (31.8mph) |
What were the main findings for experiment 2? | More participants in the ‘smashed’ condition (16) than either the ‘hit’ (7) or control (6) groups reported seeing broken glass. The majority of participants in each group correctly recalled that they had not seen any broken glass. |