Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /Psychology GCSE: Development of Personality - Key Terms
Psychology GCSE: Development of Personality - Key Terms
This deck covers key terms related to the development of personality, including definitions of personality types, psychological scales, and brain structures involved in personality disorders.
Define personality
Made up of the thought, feelings and behaviours that make an individual unique.
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Define personality
Made up of the thought, feelings and behaviours that make an individual unique.
Define temperament
The genetic compound (inherited part) of personality.
Define monozygotic twins
Developed from one fertilised egg (identical).
Define dizygotic twins
Developed from two separately fertilised eggs (non-identical or fraternal).
Define type theory
Personality types are thought to be inherited. They can be described using related traits.
Define extroversion
Personality type that describes people who look to the outside world for entertainment.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Define personality | Made up of the thought, feelings and behaviours that make an individual unique. |
Define temperament | The genetic compound (inherited part) of personality. |
Define monozygotic twins | Developed from one fertilised egg (identical). |
Define dizygotic twins | Developed from two separately fertilised eggs (non-identical or fraternal). |
Define type theory | Personality types are thought to be inherited. They can be described using related traits. |
Define extroversion | Personality type that describes people who look to the outside world for entertainment. |
Define introversion | Personality type that describes people who are content with their own company. |
Define neuroticism | Personality type that describes people who are highly emotional and show a quick, intense reaction to fear. |
Define personality scales | Ways of measuring personality using yes/no questions. |
Define EPI | Scale used to measure extroversion-introversion and neuroticism-stability made of yes/no questions. Two dimensions are not related so a person can be identified as neurotic introvert, neurotic extrovert, stable introvert or stable extrovert. |
Define EPQ | Scale also used to measure introversion, extroversion and neuroticism but new added dimension, psychoticism. Again, these 3 dimensions are unrelated. |
Define psychoticism | 3rd dimension identified by Eysenck. People who score high on this dimension are hostile, aggressive, insensitive and cruel. |
Define APD | Antisocial Personality Disorder; condition where the individual doesn’t use socially acceptable behaviours or considers the rights of others. |
Define DSM-IV-TR | Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; lists different mental disorders and criteria for diagnosing them. |
Define amygdala (include definition, where it's found, functions, link to APD) | Part of the brain involved in emotion located in the limbic system in the temporal lobe or the brain. It’s functions involve memory and emotion, especially fear. It’s responsible for learning from negative consequences of our actions and also responds to fearful and sad facial expressions of others, so we usually learn to avoid behaviours that upset others. It’s believed the amygdala is impaired in people with APD and as a result, they don’t learn to avoid behaviours that harm others and sadness and fear of others don’t affect them. |
Define socioeconomic factors | Social and financial issues that can affect an individual. |
Define grey matter (cerebral cortex) | Outer layer of the brain which is the most complex and intricate part of the brain. Language, sensory perception, movement, speech etc are all controlled by areas in the cortex. |
Define prefrontal cortex (include definition, where it’s found, what it controls and link to APD) | The very front of the brain, situated in the frontal lobe, which is involved in social and moral behaviour and controls aggression. Personality, planning ahead and displaying appropriate behaviour are all abilities associated with the prefrontal cortex. People with APD have been known to have a smaller prefrontal cortex. |