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Y1: Psychology: Cognitive Methodology: Stats Part 1

Psychology20 CardsCreated about 2 months ago

This flashcard deck covers key concepts in descriptive statistics, including measures of central tendency and dispersion, as well as calculations for mean, median, mode, range, and standard deviation.

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What are descriptive statistics?

Ways of summarising data from research.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
What are descriptive statistics?
Ways of summarising data from research.
Give an example of a descriptive statistic.
A graph such as a bar chart or frequency distribution.
What are the measures of central tendency?
• Mean • Median • Mode
Define ‘mean’.
The average result from a number of scores.
How is a mean calculated?
Adding data together and dividing by the number of scores there are.
Define ‘median’.
The number in the middle of a data set with as many scores above as it has below.
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Y1: Psychology: Cognitive Methodology: Stats Part 1
TermDefinition
What are descriptive statistics?
Ways of summarising data from research.
Give an example of a descriptive statistic.
A graph such as a bar chart or frequency distribution.
What are the measures of central tendency?
• Mean • Median • Mode
Define ‘mean’.
The average result from a number of scores.
How is a mean calculated?
Adding data together and dividing by the number of scores there are.
Define ‘median’.
The number in the middle of a data set with as many scores above as it has below.
How is a median calculated?
By listing values in a data set in order of size and finding the middle.
What do you do if there are two medians?
Calculating the mean of the two central numbers by adding them together and dividing by 2.
Define ‘mode’.
The most frequently occurring piece of data.
What names are given when data has 2, 3, or 4 modes.
2 - bimodal 3 - trimodal 4 - multimodal
How is a mode calculated?
Looking for the most frequently appearing value in a data set.
How might a mean calculate a misleading figure?
There may be few extremes or an anomaly in the data that would skew the mean.
What are the measures of dispersion?
Range; Standard deviation
Define ‘range’.
The difference between the largest and smallest value in a data set.
How is a range calculated?
By taking the smallest number away from the largest.
Define ‘standard deviation’.
The average distance between values of a data set around a mean.
What does a large standard deviation indicate?
That the scores are widely dispersed in relation to the mean.
What does a small standard deviation indicate?
That the scores are closer to the mean.
Identify the 6 steps to working out standard deviation.
1) Find the mean of a data set 2) Minus the mean from each value in the data 3) Square each new value 4) Add all the squared values together 5) Divide the total by number of scores -1 6) Square root that value
Define ‘frequency’.
The number of times a particular event or piece of data occurred.