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Y1: Psychology: Cognitive Methodology: Stats Part 2

Psychology19 CardsCreated about 2 months ago

This deck covers key concepts in cognitive methodology and statistics, focusing on frequency distributions, types of data, and hypothesis tests.

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How are frequencies displayed?

On a frequency distribution curve.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
How are frequencies displayed?
On a frequency distribution curve.
Describe the shape of a normal distribution.
A bell curve.
What are the two types of descriptive statistical data that can be found in a frequency distribution?
Central tendencies; Measures of dispersion
Describe the features of a normal distribution of central tendencies.
The mean, median, and mode all occur at the same point with the same value; It has the same shape either side of the mean as the pattern of values is ...
Describe the features of a normal distribution of measures of dispersion.
Knowing the mean and the standard deviation of scores on a normal distribution allow us to work out what scores fall within certain limits; The propor...
What are the two alternatives to a normal distribution?
Positive skew; Negative skew
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Y1: Psychology: Cognitive Methodology: Stats Part 2
TermDefinition
How are frequencies displayed?
On a frequency distribution curve.
Describe the shape of a normal distribution.
A bell curve.
What are the two types of descriptive statistical data that can be found in a frequency distribution?
Central tendencies; Measures of dispersion
Describe the features of a normal distribution of central tendencies.
The mean, median, and mode all occur at the same point with the same value; It has the same shape either side of the mean as the pattern of values is exactly the same above and below the median
Describe the features of a normal distribution of measures of dispersion.
Knowing the mean and the standard deviation of scores on a normal distribution allow us to work out what scores fall within certain limits; The proportion of scores falling above or below the mean (the centre) by 1 standard deviation is 34%; The proportion of scores falling above or below the mean (the centre) between 1 and 2 standard deviations is 13.6%; The proportion of scores falling above or below the mean (the centre) by 2 standard deviations is 2.4%
What are the two alternatives to a normal distribution?
Positive skew; Negative skew
Describe the features of a positive skew distribution.
The mode is the highest point, then the media, then the mean and gets small the higher it is on the Y axis and lower on the X axis; It is due to extremely high scores that affect the mean
Describe the features of a positive skew distribution.
The mode is the highest point, then the media, then the mean and gets small the higher it is on the X axis and lower on the Y axis; It is due to extremely low scores that affect the mean
What does a skewed distribution show?
That there is a large spread of data due to an anomaly.
List the 4 types of hypothesis tests.
1) Wilcoxen Signed Ranks Test 2) Mann Whitney U Test 3) Chi-Squared Test 4) Spearman's Rho Correlation
Define 'nominal data'.
Categories that are not measured or ordered.
Define 'ordinal data'.
Values that have ranks.
Define 'interval/ratio data'.
Measuring the distance between attributes/there is always an absolute zero.
Why are inferential statistics used?
To determine the significance of data or whether it was simply due to chance.
What level of significance do Psychologists use?
0.05, a 95% chance that results aren't due to chance.
Describe the conditions for which to use a Wilcoxen Signed Ranks Test.
Testing a difference; Repeated measures; Ordinal data
Describe the conditions for which to use a Mann Whitney U Test.
Testing a difference; Independent measures; Ordinal data
Describe the conditions for which to use a Chi-Squared Test.
Testing a difference; Independent measures; Nominal data
Describe the conditions for which to use a Spearman's Rho Correlation.
Testing a relationship; Ordinal/interval data