Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /Y1: Psychology: Cognitive Methodology: Variables and Types of Bias Part 2
Y1: Psychology: Cognitive Methodology: Variables and Types of Bias Part 2
This deck covers key concepts related to participant variables, extraneous variables, demand characteristics, experimenter effects, researcher bias, and blind procedures in psychology.
Define ‘participant variable’.
Variables that create differences in the sample due to ppts individual characteristics.
Tap or swipe ↕ to flip
Swipe ←→Navigate
1/13
Key Terms
Term
Definition
Define ‘participant variable’.
Variables that create differences in the sample due to ppts individual characteristics.
Give an example of a participant variable.
Gender
Evaluate the reliability of extraneous variables using a low point.
P - Low test-retest E - They can make conditions hard to standardise or measure in any one given way E - Therefore conditions will be hard to replicat...
Evaluate the validity of extraneous variables using a low point.
P - Low E - They can interfere with the relationship between the IV and DV E - Therefore limiting the cause and effect relationship that can be establ...
Define ‘demand characteristics’.
Behaviours of ppts that results in cues from the aim of the environment of the experiment that suggest they should behave a certain way.
Evaluate the validity of demand characteristics using a low point.
P - Low E - Ppts often try to guess the aim and so behave in a way they think the experimenter would want them to or not want them to E - Therefore be...
Related Flashcard Decks
Study Tips
- Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
- Review cards regularly to improve retention
- Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
- Share this deck with friends to study together
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Define ‘participant variable’. | Variables that create differences in the sample due to ppts individual characteristics. |
Give an example of a participant variable. | Gender |
Evaluate the reliability of extraneous variables using a low point. | P - Low test-retest E - They can make conditions hard to standardise or measure in any one given way E - Therefore conditions will be hard to replicate to test for consistency |
Evaluate the validity of extraneous variables using a low point. | P - Low E - They can interfere with the relationship between the IV and DV E - Therefore limiting the cause and effect relationship that can be established |
Define ‘demand characteristics’. | Behaviours of ppts that results in cues from the aim of the environment of the experiment that suggest they should behave a certain way. |
Evaluate the validity of demand characteristics using a low point. | P - Low E - Ppts often try to guess the aim and so behave in a way they think the experimenter would want them to or not want them to E - Therefore behaviour will not reflect behaviour in real life due to this bias |
Define ‘experimenter effect’. | When aspects of the researcher can lead ppts to think they should act a certain way. |
Give an example of an experimenter effect in psychology. | Their appearance/behaviour. |
Define ‘researcher bias’. | When a researcher influences the results in order to achieve a certain outcome. |
Give an example of researcher bias in psychology. | Discarding results that reject the hypothesis of the experiment. |
Define 'single blind procedure'. | When ppts don't know the true aim of the study. |
Define 'double blind procedure'. | When ppts and the researcher don't know the true aim of the study. |
How do single/double blind procedures remove bias? | Single blind - it removes DCs from ppts as they are unaware of the aim so would behave normally as wouldn't know otherwise; Double blind - it removes DCs and researcher bias as they wouldn't know what data to change/discard to fit the hypothesis |