QQuestionAnatomy and Physiology
QuestionAnatomy and Physiology
# Draw the Lewis structure for chloroform, $\mathrm{CHCl}_{3}$.
What are the electron pair and molecular geometries?
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Step 1: Determine the total number of valence electrons in the molecule.
The total number of valence electrons in chloroform is: \text{Total valence electrons} = 4\ \text{(carbon)} + 1\ \text{(hydrogen)} + 3 \times 7\ \text{(chlorine)} = 25\ \text{valence electrons}
Step 2: Place the atoms in the Lewis structure and distribute the octet.
\begin{matrix}
Place the central carbon atom and surround it with hydrogen and chlorine atoms. Then, add enough bonds to give each atom an octet (except for hydrogen, which needs only two electrons to complete its duplet). \mathrm{H}-\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{Cl} \ | \ \mathrm{Cl}-\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{Cl} \ | \ \mathrm{Cl} \end{matrix}
Final Answer
The Lewis structure for chloroform, $\mathrm{CHCl}_{3}$, is shown above. The electron pair geometry around the central carbon atom is trigonal bipyramidal, and the molecular geometry is also trigonal bipyramidal with a T-shaped molecular shape.
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