Chemistry /Edexcel A Level Chemistry: 7: Modern Analytical Techniques I
What is mass spectrometry used for?
Identifying compounds
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
What is mass spectrometry used for?
Identifying compounds
What is the molecular ion, M+?
The molecule with an electron removed
What is the molecular ion peak?
The peak with the highest m/z value
What does the Molecule ion peak show?
The relative formula mass of the compound
What can the molecular ion be broken into?
Smaller fragments
What is a fragmentation pattern?
The mass spectrum shown by all the fragments
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Term | Definition |
---|---|
What is mass spectrometry used for? | Identifying compounds |
What is the molecular ion, M+? | The molecule with an electron removed |
What is the molecular ion peak? | The peak with the highest m/z value |
What does the Molecule ion peak show? | The relative formula mass of the compound |
What can the molecular ion be broken into? | Smaller fragments |
What is a fragmentation pattern? | The mass spectrum shown by all the fragments |
How can fragments be identified? | By their molecular mass |
What is mass spectrometry used to differentiate between? | Similar molecules |
How is Infrared spectroscopy carried out? | A beam of IR radiation is passed through a sample of a chemical |
How does the IR radiation affect bonds? | It is absorbed by covalent bonds in the molecules, increasing their vibrational energy |
How can IR spectroscopy be used to differentiate between bonds? | Bonds between different atoms absorb different frequencies of IR radiation |
How does the location of a bond affect its absorption? | In the frequency absorbed, so OH groups on alcohols and carboxylic acids have different frequencies of absorption |
What does an infrared spectrometer produce? | A graph |
What is plotted on the y axis of an IR graph? | Transmittance |
What is plotted on the x axis of an IR graph? | Wavenumber - 1/wavelength in cm |
How can IR spectroscopy show if a reaction has happened? | If the functional group has changed on the graph |
How would an IR spectroscopy graph change if an alcohol was oxidised to an aldehyde? | The O-H absorption would disappear and C=O would appear |
How would an IR spectroscopy graph change if an aldehyde was oxidised to a carboxylic acid? | The O-H peak would appear at a slightly lower frequency and the C=O peak will remain |
What does IR radiation cause covalent bonds to do? | Vibrate |
What do the peaks on the IR graph show you? | Where the radiation is being absorbed |