Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 1: Chapter 26
A concise flashcard set covering the fundamentals of vital signs, including normal ranges, factors affecting body temperature, assessment timing, and the role of the hypothalamus in thermoregulation. Perfect for quick study and clinical review.
vital signs are indicators of (physiologic/pathologic/anatomical) function and reflect the (mental status/ADLs/health status) of a person
physiologic; health status
Key Terms
vital signs are indicators of (physiologic/pathologic/anatomical) function and reflect the (mental status/ADLs/health status) of a person
physiologic; health status
normal oral temperature is __
37 degrees Celsius or 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit
normal BP is __
120/80
normal R is __
12-20 breaths/min
normal HR/PR is __
60-100bpm (80 avg)
out of the following options, when do we assess vital signs? select all that apply.
a. before administering medication
b. on admission
c. before any surgical procedure
d. ambulation after surgery
e. change in pt’s condition
f. based on facility policy and procedures
g. LOC
all of the above
Related Flashcard Decks
Study Tips
- Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
- Review cards regularly to improve retention
- Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
- Share this deck with friends to study together
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
vital signs are indicators of (physiologic/pathologic/anatomical) function and reflect the (mental status/ADLs/health status) of a person | physiologic; health status |
normal oral temperature is __ | 37 degrees Celsius or 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit |
normal BP is __ | 120/80 |
normal R is __ | 12-20 breaths/min |
normal HR/PR is __ | 60-100bpm (80 avg) |
out of the following options, when do we assess vital signs? select all that apply. | all of the above |
thermoregulation occurs in the __ (medulla/hypothalamus/thyroid gland) | hypothalamus |
(pulse rate/blood pressure/temperature) can be defined by the difference in heat (produced/deduced) and __ (gained/lost) | temperature; produced; lost |
temperature is generated by __ (alkaline/metabolic/physiologic) processes | metabolic |
true or false. core temperature is lower than surface body temperature | false. core temp is HIGHER than surface body temp |
the 5 factors that affect temperature are __ (hint: capse) | circadian rhythms | age and biological sex | physical activity | state of health | environmental temp |
older adults have lower body temps bc __ | they have a loss in thermoregulatory control |
true or false. the very young and old are more affected by environmental temperature | true |
why do pregnant women have a higher body temp than the average person? | hormones |
match the following thermometers that measure temperature with their definition. one or more answers can be used:
| a. 2 |
the 5 routes to measure temperature are: __ (hint: oratt) | oral | rectal | axillary | temporal | tympanic |
rank the routes of measurement in order from lowest to highest for temperature: a. oral | c, a, e, b, d |
oral temp is between __ | 97.7 - 99.5 degrees Fahrenheit |
axillary temp is between __ | 96.7 - 98.5 degrees Fahrenheit |
tympanic membrane temp is between __ | 98.2 - 100 degrees Fahrenheit |
rectal temp is between __ | 98.7 - 100.5 degrees Fahrenheit |
temporal artery temp is between __ | 98.7 - 100.5 degrees Fahrenheit |
true or false. HYPERthermia is a decrease in body temp |
|
what nursing intervention would you take if a person has hypothermia? | b. put blankets on them |
a pt has hyperthermia. as the nurse, which nursing intervention is most appropriate for you to do? | c and d |
(temperature/pulse/blood pressure) is regulated by the (ans/sns) via the __ (SA/AV/MV) node | pulse; ans; sa |
true or false. parasympathetic stimulation decreases heart rate | true |
| false. sympathetic stimulation INCREASES heart rate |
pulse rate can be defined by the number of __ (vasoconstriction/contractions/dilations) over a peripheral artery in 1 min | contractions |
which of the following are factors that affect pulse rate? | a-e |
tachycardia is between and bpm | 100;180 |
bradycardia is __() 60bpm | < |
the difference between radial and apical pulse is known as __ (pulse rate/pulse deficit) | pulse deficit |
pulse quality is measured on a range of to | 0;3 |
a pulse of 0 means __ | absent |
a pulse of 1 means __ | weak, diminished |
a pulse of 2 means __ | normal, brisk |
a pulse of 3 means __ | bounding |
pulse rhythm can either be or | regular; irregular |
name the 8 sites on the body where a pulse can be found (hint: go from head to toe) | temporal, carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis |
a pt is undergoing tachycardia. why might they be experiencing this? select all that apply. | all of the above |
what are some reasons as to why a pt may be experiencing bradycardia? select all that apply. | ll of the above |
respirations are activated by impulses from __ (sa nodes/chemorecptors/medulla) | chemoreceptors |
respiration is controlled by respiratory centers in the (medulla/cerebellum/frontal lobe) and (pons/temporal lobe/brain stem) | medulla; pons |
the most powerful stimulant of respiration is increased __(oxygen/carbon dioxide/nitrogen) | carbon dioxide |
match the appropriate respiratory components with their definitions:
| a. 2 |
age, acid-base balance, acute pain, anxiety, anemia, exercise, increased altitude, meds, respiratory disease are all factors that affect respiration. true or false? | true |
eupnea is __ (unlabored breathing/decreased R/increased R/changes in breathing when sitting or standing) | unlabored breathing |
tachypnea is __ | d |
bradypnea is __ | c |
apnea is __ | periods when NO breathing occurs |
dyspnea is __ | b |
orthopnea is __ | a |
cheyne-stokes or biot's. fast, shallow breathing followed by apnea and then slow, heavier breathing | cheyne-stokes |
unpredictable irregularities in breathing alternates. biot's or cheyne-stokes. | biot's |
factors that affect bp are: __ (hint: abcdeefw) |
|
an elevated bp is __ | b. sys: 120-129 and dias: <80 |
stage 1 htn has a bp of __ | b. sys: 130-139 or dias: 80-89 |
a hypertensive crisis has a bp of __ | d. sys: >180 and/or dias: >120 |
stage 2 htn has a bp of __ | c. sys: 140+ or dias: 90+ |
htn is a dysfunction of the __ (ans/sns/neurohormonal) system | neurohormonal |
__ (primary/secondary) htn is an increase above normal bp w/no known cause | primary |
__ (primary/secondary) htn is caused by another disease | secondary |
you must assess htn based on __ (1/2/3) readings | 2 |
of the following, which are the correct positions for measuring bp? | -e |
the pulse oximeter measures __ | b and c |
htn is most likely to be seen in a(n) __ | c. older adult |
orthostatic hypotension is more common in __ | c. older adults |
older adults have a __ (higher/lower) resting heart rate | higher |
older adults have a(n) __ (decreased/increased) rate of breathing | increased |
older adults have a __ (higher/lower) body temperature | lower |