Q
QuestionChemistry

Check your ability to correctly define some of the terms associated with redox reactions. (a) A chemical species that gets reduced during a chemical reaction: loses electrons or gains electrons? (b) A chemical species that gets reduced during a chemical reaction: changes to a more negative oxidation state or changes to a more positive oxidation state? (c) A chemical species that gets reduced during a chemical reaction: is a reducing agent or is an oxidizing agent? (d) A chemical species that gets reduced during a chemical reaction: has a high-energy filled orbital or has a low-energy unfilled orbital? (e) A chemical species that gets reduced during a chemical reaction: obtains electrons from a reducing agent or obtains electrons from an oxidizing agent?
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Step 1
I'll solve this problem step by step, carefully following the LaTeX formatting guidelines:

Step 2
: Understanding Reduction

\text{Oxidizing Agent} + \text{Reducing Agent} \rightarrow \text{Reduced Products}
A chemical species that gets reduced during a chemical reaction: - Gains electrons - Changes to a more negative oxidation state - Is an oxidizing agent - Has a low-energy unfilled orbital - Obtains electrons from a reducing agent Let me break down each part: (a) A chemical species that gets reduced GAINS electrons (b) A chemical species that gets reduced changes to a MORE NEGATIVE oxidation state Note the reduction in oxidation state from + 3 to + 2 (c) A chemical species that gets reduced IS AN OXIDIZING AGENT - Oxidizing agents cause reduction - They themselves get reduced in the process (d) A chemical species that gets reduced has a LOW-ENERGY UNFILLED orbital (e) A chemical species that gets reduced OBTAINS ELECTRONS FROM A REDUCING AGENT

Final Answer

(a) Gains electrons (b) Changes to a more negative oxidation state (c) Is an oxidizing agent (d) Has a low-energy unfilled orbital (e) Obtains electrons from a reducing agent