QQuestionChemistry
QuestionChemistry
Fill in the subshell from which the electron is removed to form a + 1 cation and the subshell to which the electron is added to form a - 1 anion.
Atom Subshellfromwhichelectronisremovedtoform+ 1cation Subshell to which electron is added to form - 1 anion
H 1s 1s
Y □ □
Ga □ □
Ca □ □
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Answer
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Step 1: Determine the electron configuration for each atom.
To do this, we will use the periodic trend that the outermost electrons are the ones most easily removed or added. We'll fill in the subshells for each atom as we go. Atom: Hydrogen (H) - Electron configuration: 1s^1 - Subshell from which electron is removed to form a + 1 cation: 1s - Subshell to which electron is added to form a - 1 anion: 1s Atom: Yttrium (Y) - Yttrium is in the 3rd energy level and has 3 valence electrons. - Electron configuration: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 3d^{10} 4s^2 4p^6 4d^1 5s^2 - Subshell from which electron is removed to form a + 1 cation: 5s - Subshell to which electron is added to form a - 1 anion: 4d Atom: Gallium (Ga) - Gallium is in the 4th energy level and has 3 valence electrons. - Electron configuration: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 3d^{10} 4s^2 4p^6 4d^{10} 5s^2 5p^1 - Subshell from which electron is removed to form a + 1 cation: 5s - Subshell to which electron is added to form a - 1 anion: 4p Atom: Calcium (Ca) - Calcium is in the 4th energy level and has 2 valence electrons. - Electron configuration: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 3d^{10} 4s^2 - Subshell from which electron is removed to form a + 1 cation: 4s - Subshell to which electron is added to form a - 1 anion: 3d
Final Answer
| Atom | Subshell from which electron is removed to form a + 1 cation | Subshell to which electron is added to form a - 1 anion | |------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------| | Hydrogen | 1s | 1s | | Yttrium | 5s | 4d | | Gallium | 5s | 4p | | Calcium | 4s | 3d |
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