QQuestionAnatomy and Physiology
QuestionAnatomy and Physiology
Mutation that will make the DNA and mature mRNA longer, but will not affect the size of the protein.
1. Mutation that will make the DNA, mature mRNA, and protein longer.
Mutation
2. Mutation that will make the DNA and mature mRNA longer, but will not affect the size of the protein.
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Answer
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Step 1: Consider the process of transcription and translation.
Transcription is the process by which the DNA sequence is copied into a complementary RNA sequence, while translation is the process by which the RNA sequence is used to synthesize a protein. In order to make the DNA and mature mRNA longer without affecting the size of the protein, we need to look for a mutation that occurs during transcription but does not affect the sequence of codons in the mRNA.
Step 2: Understand the genetic code.
The genetic code is the set of rules that maps the sequence of nucleotides in DNA (and RNA) to the sequence of amino acids in proteins. Each codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that specifies a single amino acid. Since there are 64 possible codons (4^3) and only 20 standard amino acids, most amino acids are encoded by multiple codons. This redundancy allows for certain mutations to occur without changing the encoded amino acid.
Final Answer
The mutation that will make the DNA and mature mRNA longer, but will not affect the size of the protein, is an insertion of one or more nucleotides in the DNA sequence that is a multiple of three. This insertion will not cause a frameshift and will maintain the same sequence of codons in the mature mRNA, resulting in the same protein.
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