2024-2025 BIO104 Midterm Lab Exam with Answers (95 Solved Questions)

Name: 2024-2025 BIO104 Midterm Lab Exam with Answers (95 Solved Questions)
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BIO 104- Midterm Lab exam
100% VERIFIED ANSWER
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Sterilization
the complete destruction or removal of all
microorganisms, including viruses and endospores.
- the organisms may be killed with steam under pressure,
dry heat, radiation, chemicals or incineration
- but it is an absolute value
Disinfection
a process in which vegetative (actively growing)
microorganisms are destroyed on non-living objects
and surfaces (fomites)
- disinfectants are only used on fomites because they
toxic and destructive to living human and animal tissues
- disinfection is the destruction or removal of all microbes
on fomites, except endospores
Degermers

agents that physically remove microorganisms from a
limited area of the skin. Mostly a mechanical removal
by soap and water, an alcohol swab, or other agent.
-alcohol is the best
Fomites
any non-living, inanimate object or surface that can
carry and transmit micoorganisms.
- fomites can be safely disinfected
Antisepsis
the destruction or removal of vegetative pathogens on
living tissues (skin, mucous membranes)
Antiseptics
-chemical agents that can be safely applied, externally, to living tissues (skin, mucous
membranes), to destroy or inhibit vegetative bacteria.
-agent capable of producing antisepsis (the
prevention of sepsis by preventing or inhibiting
the growth of disease-causing microorganisms)
Sepsis
1.) the growth (multiplication) of microorganisms in normally
sterile tissues of the body
2.) decay, contamination, purification
3.) the presence of bacteria in blood that are actively
multiplying

-an inflammatory condition caused by pathogens or their poisons
in blood
Aseptic technique
prevent all organisms from contaminating media or
contacting living tissues.
- aseptic techniques are used so that:
a.) you don't contaminate sterile media or pure cultures
of bacteria
b.) you are not contaminated by microorganisms
Useful facts about bacteria that make aseptic technique important
1.) bacteria are, by far, the most numerous and most widely distributed organisms
2.) bacteria are the most adaptable and versatile organisms,
they are found everywhere in nature, even in harsh environments where nothing else could live
3.) while most bacteria are normally found in the environments to which they are adapted they
are not usually confined to those environments and instead those microorganisms found in and
on you can be easily transferred to other environments (especially sterile media, pure cultures,
sterile tissues)
4.) so that the ability of bacteria to tolerate or take advantage of new environments and coupled
with the fact that bacteria and other microorganisms are very small and exist everywhere in huge
numbers means that special techniques and procedures are necessary for handling them
5.) collectively these necessary techniques and procedures for
safely handling microorganisms (especially bacteria) are
called aseptic techniques

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Ultrastructure
the fine (microscopic) details of organisms, tissues, and cells.
Magnification
- the ability of a lens, or lenses, to make an image larger
- have the power of causing objects to appear larger then they are.
Resolution
the ability to see the fine details of an image in clear sharp focus
Ocular lens (eye piece)
the lens in a compound microscope that
you look through and which magnifies the
image made by the objective lens. It is
usually 10x.
Objective lens
the lens in a compound microscope that does the initial
magnification of the specimen on the microscope
slide.
40x
scanning power
100x
low power
400x

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high power
1000x
oil immersion power
Morphology
size, shape, cell arrangement, and Gram staining reaction of bacteria
bacillus (plural bacilli) - shape
"staff" rod-shaped bacteria
coccus (plural cocci) - shape
"berry" sphere or round-shaped
bacteria
spiral (curved rods) - shape
helical or curved shaped
Vibrio - shape
comma-shaped bacteria
spirochetes - shape
flexible "S"-shaped
Random cell arrangement
single cells, no overall arrangement
Diplo cell arrangement
pairs of cells

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2024-2025 BIO104 Midterm Lab Exam with Answers (95 Solved Questions)

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