2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions)

Name: 2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions)
Brand: Academic Documents Platform
Price: 6.99 USD
Availability: InStock
Author: Sofia Garcia

Get familiar with your upcoming exam with 2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers, a reliable past exam resource.

Sofia Garcia

Contributor

4.9

about 2 months ago

Preview (25 of 82)

HESI A2| ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY| LATEST|
QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2024/2025
VERIFIED ANSWERS
1. Skin responsible for finger prints?
Dermal papillase
Markel cells
Amectors pili
Sudoriferous gland
2. What type of synovia joint is the elbow?
Pivot
Hinge
Ball and socket
Toddle
3. Where is blood produced in infants after birth?
Heart chamber
Red bone marrow
4. What structure is a ball and socket joint?
Elbow
Ankle
Shoulder
Knee
5. What are macromolecules genetic code carried on?
Nucleotide
Chromosomes
DNA
RNA
6. What cavity of heart has the thickest wall?
Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
7. What are like cells grouped together called?
Membrane
System

Melanoma
Basal cell caranoma
Sarcoma
Square all carcua
9. What contributes phagocytes in white blood cells?
ER
Lysosomes
Vocuole
Golgi appearance
10. Which organ is part of male reproductive system and urinary system?
Epididermis
Ureter
Testis
Urethra
11. Which structure regulates the transport substances in and out of the cell?
Cell membrane
Cell’s cytoplasma
Nucleus membrane
Cell plasma
12. What is function of thrombocytes?
Blood clot
13. Which bones are formed by intramembranous ossification?
Flat bone
70. Where does digestive begin in digesive system?
Small interestine
Oral cavity
Asophagus
Sternum
14. Urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs are found in which cavity?
Pelvic
Abdominal
Thoracic
Pleaure
15. Which anatomic structure houses the malleus, inus, and staples?
Ear
16. Anaerobic respiratory can lead to a burning sensation caused by which molecules?

Loading page 4...

18. What do cerumnous gland secretes?
Ear wax
Keratin
Mucos
Oily sebum
19. Which muscle of quadriceps famous group lies on the side surface of lower extremity?
Vastus legs
Gastrucremn
Anterior tibia
Rectus femur
20. Which structure is located on sternum?
Xiphoid bone
Sesamaid bone
Hyoid bone
Ossicafied
17. Anaerobic respiratory can lead to a burning sensation caused by which molecules?
Creatine-phosphate
ADP
ATP
Lactin acid

Loading page 5...

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS
1. List the body planes.
2. Define section.
3. Define sagittal section.
4. Define frontal section.
5. Define cross section.
6. What is the anatomic position?
7. What are the terms of direction?
8. Define the terms of direction.
9. Define proximal.
10. Define distal.
11. What is histology? The study of tissues
12. Define tissue.
13. What are the four fundamental tissues?
14. Define the four tissues.
15. What is the largest organ of the body? skin
16. What are the two layers of the skin? Dermis, epidermis
17. Define the layers.
18. Define melanin.
19. What does the body framework consist of?
20. What are the functions of the skeletal system?
21. Name the types of bones.
22. What are osteoblasts?
23. How many bones does the axial skeleton consist of?
24. What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
25. What must be present for a muscle cell to contract?
26. What type of muscles make up the muscular system?
27. What does the nervous system consist of?
28. What are the two parts of the nervous system?
29. List and define the major parts of the brain?
30. What is the function of the endocrine system?
31. Define hormones.
32. What does whole blood consist of?
33. What is the smallest artery?
34. Where is respiration controlled?
35. What is the function of the respiratory system?
36. What is the alimentary canal?
37. What does the digestive system consist of?
38. Define bolus.
39. Define chime.
40. What are the parts of the urinary system?

Loading page 6...

Loading page 7...

C.
D.
growth hormone
glucocorticoids
2.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which structure controls the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland?
hypothalamus
adrenal gland
testes
pancreas
3. How much of a female’s blood volume is composed of red blood cells?
A. 10%
B. 25%
C. 40%
D. 70%
4.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which type of cholesterol is considered to be the best for health?
LDL
HDL
VLDL
VHDL
5. Where are the vocal cords located?
Anatomy and Physiology
1. Which of the following hormones decreases the concentration of blood glucose?
A. insulin
B. glucagon
A. bronchi
B. trachea

Loading page 8...

C. larynx
D. epiglottis
6. Where does gas exchange occur in the human body?
A. alveoli
B. bronchi
C. larynx
D. pharynx
7. What mineral is responsible for muscle contractions?
A. Chloride
B. Sodium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium
8. In which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive
organs be found?
A. Thoracic cavity
B. Mediastinum
C. Abdominal cavity
D. Pelvic cavity
9. What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
A. Diaphragm
B. Mediastinum
C. Liver
D. Lungs

Loading page 9...

D. Simple columnar epithelium—secretion or absorption
11. A tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells
found on internal surface of stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells tall and thin, no blood vessels
in the tissue. What type of tissue is this?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Cartilage
Nervous
12. Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as
which of the following?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Osteoblasts
Neuroglia
Osteocytes
Arterioles
13. Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for
the organs?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
Muscle
10. Which of the following epithelial types is correctly matched with its major function?
A. Simple squamous epithelium—secretion or absorption
B. Stratified squamous epithelium—changes shape when stretched
C. Stratified squamous epithelium—diffusion

Loading page 10...

14. What is the basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs?
A. Atom
B. Organelle
C. Cell
D. DNA
15. What is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveoli
called?
A. External respiration
B. Internal respiration
C. Inhalation
D. Cellular respiration
16. In order for inhalation to occur, what must happen?
A. Contraction of the diaphragm, which decreases the volume of the chest cavity and draws
air into the lungs
B. Contraction of the diaphragm, which enlarges the chest cavity and draws air into the
lungs
C. Recoil of the lungs as the respiratory muscles contract, and the thorax decreases in size
D. Recoil of the lungs as the respiratory muscles relax, and the thorax decreases in size
17. Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood does which of the following?
A. It is carried in solution or bound to blood proteins.
B. It is carried on hemoglobin.
C. It is converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within red blood cells.
D. It is converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within the plasma.
18. How does the trachea remain open like a hollow tube?
A. Air pressure inside keeps it open.

Loading page 11...

B. Supporting cartilaginous rings keep it open.
C. It is reinforced with bone that cannot collapse.
D. Special muscles are working to keep the trachea open.
19. The stomach muscle churns and mixes food, turning the mass into a soupy substance
called which of the following?
A. Bolus
B. Bile
C. Chyme
D. Feces
20. Which type of cell division takes place in the gonads?
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Binary fission
D. Asexual division
21. In what area of the body would you expect to find an especially thick stratum corneum?
A. Back of the hand
B. Heel of the foot
C. Abdomen
D. Over the shin
22. Which of the following proteins is produced by cartilage?
A. actin
B. estrogen
C. collagen
D. myosin

Loading page 12...

23. Which component of the nervous system is responsible for lowering the heart rate?
A. central nervous system
B. sympathetic nervous system
C. parasympathetic nervous system
D. distal nervous system
24. Which type of substance breaks down to form urea?
A. lipid
B. protein
C. carbohydrate
D. iron
25. What is the name for a joint that can only move in two directions?
A. hinge
B. insertion
C. ball and socket
D. flange
26. In which of the following muscle types are the filaments arranged in a disorderly
manner?
A. cardiac
B. smooth
C. skeletal
D. rough
27. What are the glands of skin that produce a thin, watery secretion?
A. Sebaceous glands
B. Eccrine glands
C. Apocrine glands

Loading page 13...

D. Endocrine glands
28. Skin aids in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels of the body by participating in
the production of which of the following?
A. Sebum
D. Adipose tissue
B.
C.
D.
Keratin
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
29.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following are functions of the skeletal system? (Select all that apply.)
Support the body
Hemopoiesis
Conduct impulses
Provide protection
30. The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the
humerus. What is he describing?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Epiphysis
Articular cartilage
Perichondrium
Diaphysis
31. You have been given a sample of tissue that has open spaces partially filled by an
assemblage of needlelike structures. What is the tissue?
A.
B.
C.
Spongy bone
Compact bone
Cartilage

Loading page 14...

32. The heart has an intrinsic beat that is initiated by which of the following?
A. Semilunar valve
B. Bicuspid valve
C. Tricuspid valve
D. Sinoatrial node
33. Vasodilation and vasoconstriction result from which of the following?
A. Contraction of smooth muscle in the arterial wall
B. Relaxation of smooth muscle in the arterial wall
C. Relaxation and contraction of smooth muscle in the arterial wall
D. Contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle in the venous wall
34. Which of the following is the blood vessel where exchanges take place between blood
and the cells of the body?
A. Artery
B. Vein
C. Capillary
D. Arteriole
35. What is the function of aldosterone?
A. It converts proinsulin to insulin.
B. It conserves sodium in the body.
C. It protects against stress.
D. It affects heat production.
36. All the nutrients that enter the hepatic portal vein are routed where for decontamination?
A. Kidney
B. Pancreas
C. Spleen

Loading page 15...

D. Liver
37. Which of the following bones is the only moveable bone of the skull?
A. Maxilla
B. Zygomatic
C. Lacrimal
D. Mandible
38.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which mineral is responsible for regulating fluid in the body?
Chloride
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
39.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Why are skeletal muscles also called voluntary muscles?
They are under conscious control.
They are attached to the skeleton.
They use ATP to energize contraction.
They are striated in appearance.
40. All actions of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses over
which of the following?
A. Neuroglia
B. Efferent pathways
C. Afferent pathways
D. Neurons
41. Motor or neurons transmit nerve impulses away from the CNS.
A. Afferent

Loading page 16...

B. Efferent
C. Central
D. Peripheral
42. Jeffery has contracted bulbar poliomyelitis, and it has affected the medulla oblongata.
The doctors warned the family that his condition is grave and death may be imminent. What
functions of the medulla oblongata have warranted such a dire prognosis?
A. The medulla oblongata contains vital centers that control heart action, blood vessel
diameter, and respiration.
B. The medulla oblongata contains neural connections of the reticular-activating system.
C. The medulla oblongata contains the pineal gland, which controls the vital centers.
D. The medulla oblongata contains the corpora quadrigemina, which controls the neural
transmission of impulses along the spinal cord.
43. What are chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the metabolism of
specific target cells called?
A. Hormones
B. Neurons
C. Glands
D. Second messengers
44. Which of the following are tropic hormones? (Select all that apply.)
A. Somatotropin
B. Follicle-stimulating hormone
C. Antidiuretic hormone
D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
45. Which leukocytes are correctly matched with their function or description? (Select all
that apply.)
A. Monocytes—become macrophages

Loading page 17...

B. Basophils—the most common type of WBC
C. Lymphocytes—important in immune response
D. Neutrophils—phagocytize microorganisms
46. Which are the functional units of the kidney?
A. Ureters
B. Glomeruli
C. Nephrons
D. Renal capsules
47. What are the two functions of the male and female sex organs?
A. Production of all cells and production of hormones
B. Production of interstitial cells and production of hormones
C. Production of gametes and production of hormones
D. Production of gametes and production of interstitial cells
48. In men, spermatozoa develop within the of each testis.
A. Seminiferous tubules
B. Vas deferens
C. Ejaculatory ducts
D. Bulbourethral glands
49. Testicular activity is under the control of which hormone(s)?
A. FSH
B. LH
C. GH
D. Both FSH and LH

Loading page 18...

50. Which hormone initiates the preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy?
A. FSH
B. Estrogen
C. LH
D. Progesterone
51. During pregnancy, what organ produces the hormones that maintain the endometrium and
prepare the breasts for milk production?
A. Placenta
B. Uterus
C. Cervix
D. Corpus luteum
52. What is the name of the structure that prevents food from entering the airway?
A. trachea
B. esophagus
C. diaphragm
D. epiglottis
53. Which substance makes up the pads that provide support between the vertebrae?
A. bone
B. cartilage
C. tendon
D. fat
54. How many different types of tissue are there in the human body?
A. four
B. six
C. eight

Loading page 19...

D. ten
55. What is the name of the outermost layer of skin?
A. dermis
B. epidermis
C. subcutaneous tissue
D. hypodermis
56. Which hormone stimulates milk production in the breasts during lactation?
A. norepinephrine
B. antidiuretic hormone
C. prolactin
D. oxytocin
57. Which of the following structures has the lowest blood pressure?
A. arteries
B. arteriole
C. venule
D. vein
58. Which of the heart chambers is the most muscular?
A. left atrium
B. right atrium
C. left ventricle
D. right ventricle
59. Which part of the brain interprets sensory information?
A. cerebrum

Loading page 20...

B. hindbrain
C. cerebellum
D. medulla oblongata
60. How much air does an adult inhale in an average breath?
A. 500 mL
B. 750 mL
C. 1000 mL
D. 1250 mL
61. Which type of cell secretes antibodies?
A. bacterial cell
B. viral cell
C. lymph cell
D. plasma cells
62. Which force motivates filtration in the kidneys?
A. osmosis
B. smooth muscle contraction
C. peristalsis
D. blood pressure
63. Which structure of the nervous system carries action potential in the direction of a
synapse?
A. cell body
B. axon
C. neuron
D. myelin

Loading page 21...

Loading page 22...

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
1. The pulse point located behind the knee is palpated over which artery?
Popliteal
2. Part of the body Facing forward-
Anterior
3. ……ABCD of cancer? Melanoma {The most dangerous form of skin cancer}
4. Which of the following statements best describe endocrine glands?
They secrete chemicals into the blood
5. Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system & the urinary system?
Urethra
6. Anaerobic respiration can lead to a burning sensation caused by which molecule?
Lactic acid
7. When assessing a female client who describes herself as a vegetarian in the nurse notes
that she has an unusual skin color. The nurse should ask the client if she has eaten large
amount of:
Carrot and squash
8. Which hand position describes an anatomical position of a person who is standing erect
with feet forward?
Palms of the hand facing anteriorly
9. What are like cells grouped together called?
A tissue
10. What type of synovial joint is the elbow?
Hinge
11. Which structure is a ball and socket joint?
Shoulder
12. What are fingerprints made of?
Friction Ridges
13. What are like cells grouped together called?
Tissue
14. Which is the largest chamber of the heart?
Left Ventricle
15. Membrane that lines body cavities that open the exterior of the body is

Loading page 23...

Mucous membrane (inside of the body cavity- serous membrane)
16. Which muscle of the quadriceps femoris group lies on the slide surface of the lower
extremity?
Vastus lateralis
17. Which structure is located on the sternum?
Xiphoid process
18. What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated?
Increased Cardiac output
19. Where does digestion begin in the digestive system?
Oral cavity/Mouth
20. Which cell structure regulates the transportation of substances in and out the cell?
Cell membrane
21. The Malleus, Incus, and Stapes are located in which part of the body?
Ear
22. What is the function of the thrombocytes (platelets)?
Play role in blood clotting
23. What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in the nephrons when antidiuretic
hormone (ADH) is secreted?
Water is reabsorbed from the urinary filtrate
24. What is the function of Golgi body/apparatus in the human cell?
Process protein secretion. synthesize carbs and glycoproteins
25. 4 steps in Bone formation: Hematoma (inflammation)
-callus formation-ossification- remodeling.
26. Which lobe of the brain is responsible for auditory functioning?
Temporal lobe
27. When water molecules move across cell membrane from high to low concentration this
process is called?
Osmosis
28. Facilitates the recognition of genetic code on macromolecules?
DNA
29. What plane divides the body from left to right?
Sagittal plane

Loading page 24...

30. Aqueous humor is watery fluid in which part of the body?
Eye
A&P Version 1 and 2-MIX
1. What are the chemical substances that prevent a sharp change in the pH of a fluid
when an acid or a base is added to it?
Buffer
2. What do T-lymphocytes do?
Defend the body against microbes
3. Which structure produces T-lymphocytes?
Thymus
4. Which structure produces B-lymphocytes?
Red bone marrow
5. What is the function of Eustachian tube?
Equilibrates pressure between the middle ear and external environment
6. What physiological response occurs when epinephrine and non-ephedrine-
Blood is directed toward the heart, skeletal muscles and brain.
7. Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory system?
Pharynx(throat). It includes nose (nostrils), nasal cavity, mouth, and larynx
(voice box).
8. The structure in the lower RS includes:
Trachea, primary bronchi and lungs.
9. Calcaneus is located in what part of the body?
Foot
10. Dorsiflexion plantar flexion are types of joint movement that are associated with
which part of the body?
Foot
11. A person who has damage to their ulnar nerve will have decreased sensation in which
area?
Arm – inability to abduct hands and fingers
12. The ankle is distal to the knee
13. Posterior means what part of the body?

Loading page 25...

24 more pages available. Scroll down to load them.

Preview Mode

100%

Study Now!

XY-Copilot AI

Unlimited Access

Secure Payment

Instant Access

24/7 Support

AI Assistant

Document Details

Subject

Health Education Systems, Inc.

2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam with Answers (588 Solved Questions)

Study Now!

Document Details

Related Documents

4 HESI A2 Practice Tests (2020)

2024-2025 HESI Milestone Exam 1 with Answers (162 Solved Questions)

2024-2025 HESI A2 Entrance Exam with Answers (232 Solved Questions)

2024-2025 HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology V1/V2 Practice Exam with Answers (134 Solved Questions)

HESI Leadership/Management Exit Exam with Answers (59 Solved Questions)

2024-2025 HESI RN Exit Exam with Answers (156 Solved Questions)

2023-2024 RN HESI Exit Exam Version 3 with Answers (53 Solved Questions)

2024-2025 HESI A2 Critical Thinking with Answers (124 Solved Questions)

2024-2025 HESI A2 Biology Entrance Exam with Answers (42 Solved Questions)