2024-2025 NET + n10-008 Practice Exam with Answers (202 Solved Questions)

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NET+n10-008100%VERIFIED ANSWERS2024/2025 CORRECTWhich of the following organizations developed the Open SystemsInterconnection(OSI) model?A. International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T)B. Comité Consultatif International Télégraphique et Téléphonique (CCITT)C. American National Standards Institute (ANSI)D. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)E. International Organization for Standardization (ISO)E. ISO developed and published the OSI model to serve as a conceptual model forsoftware and hardware developers. The ITU-T, formerly known as the CCITT,coordinates the development and advancement of international telecommunicationnetworks and services. ANSI is a privateorganization that administers and coordinatesa United States-based standardization and conformity assessment system. The IEEEpublishes standards that define data link and physical layer standards. These standardsare referred to collectively as the 802 seriesAt which of the following layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) modeldo theprotocols on a typical local area network (LAN) use media access control (MAC)addressesto identify other computers on the network?A. PhysicalB. Data link

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C. NetworkD. TransportB. The Ethernet (or IEEE 802.3) protocol at the data link layer uses MAC addresses toidenitify computers on the local network. MAC addresses are coded into the firmware ofphysical network interface adapters by the manufacturer. The physical layer deals withsignals and is not involved in addressing. The IP protocol at the network layer has itsown addressing system. The transport layer protocols are not involved in addressing.Which layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) modelis responsible forthe logicaladdressing of end systems and the routing of datagrams on a network?A. PhysicalB. Data linkC. NetworkD. TransportE. SessionF. PresentationG. ApplicationC. Network layer protocols (such as IP) contain headers that specify logical addressesfor end system communication and route datagrams across a network. The physicallayer defines standards for physical and mechanical characteristics of a network. Thedata link layer uses media access control (MAC) or hardware addresses, not logicaladdresses. The transport layer uses port numbers, not logical addresses. Session layerprotocols create and maintain a dialogue between end systems. Presentation layerprotocols are responsible for the formatting, translation, and presentation of information.The application layer provides an entry point for applications to access the protocolstack and prepare information for transmission across a network.On a TCP/IP network, which layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)model containprotocols that are responsible for encapsulating the data generated by an

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application,creating the payload for a packet that will be transmitted over a network?(Choose allthat apply.)A. PhysicalB. Data linkC. NetworkD. TransportE. SessionF. PresentationG. ApplicationB, C, D. Before the payload data generated by an application can be transmitted over aTCP/ IP network, the system must encapsulate it by applying protocol headers andfooters at three layers of the OSI model. The data link layerapplies a header and footerto create an Ethernet frame. The network layer applies a header to create an IPdatagram. The transport layer applies a TCP or UDP header to create a segment ordatagram. The other model layers are involved in the payload transmission process, butthey do not encapsulate the payload.What layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is responsible fortranslatingand formatting information?A. PhysicalB. Data linkC. NetworkD. TransportE. SessionF. PresentationG. Application

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F. The presentation layer implements functions that provide formatting, translation, andpresentation of information. No other layers of the OSI model translate and formatapplication data.Which of the following devices typically operates at the network layer of the OpenSystemsInterconnection (OSI) model?A. Proxy serverB. HubC. Network interface adapterD. RouterD. A router connects networks at the network layer of the OSI model. Proxy serversoperate at the application layer. Network interface adapters operate at both the data linkand the physical layers. Hubs are physical layer devices.Which layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model provides anentrance point tothe protocol stack for applications?A. PhysicalB. Data linkC. NetworkD. TransportE. SessionF. PresentationG. ApplicationG. The application layer provides an entry point for applications to access the protocolstack and prepare information for transmission across a network. All other layers of theOSI model reside below this layer and rely on this entry point.Which layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is responsible fordialogue

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control between two communicating end systems?A. PhysicalB. Data linkC. NetworkD. TransportE. SessionF. PresentationG. ApplicationE. The session layer is responsible for creating and maintaining a dialogue between endsystems. This dialogue can be a two-way alternate dialogue that requires end systemsto take turns transmitting, or it can be a two-way simultaneous dialogue in which eitherend system can transmit at will. No other layers of the OSI model perform dialoguecontrol between communicating end systemsSome switches can perform functions associated with two layers of the OpenSystems Interconnection(OSI) model. Which two of the following layers are often associated with networkswitching? (Choose all that apply.)A. PhysicalB. Data linkC. NetworkD. TransportE. SessionF. PresentationG. ApplicationB, C. The primary function of a switch is to processpackets based on their mediaaccess control (MAC) addresses, which makes it a data link layer device. However,many switches can also perform routing functions based on IP addresses, whichoperate at the network layer.

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At which layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model are there TCP/IPprotocolsthan can provide either connectionless or connection-orientedservices to applications?A. PhysicalB. Data linkC. NetworkD. TransportE. SessionF. PresentationG. ApplicationD. There are two typesof transport layer protocols: connection-oriented andconnectionless. Connection-oriented protocols guarantee the delivery of data fromsource to destination by creating a connection between the sender and the receiverbefore any data is transmitted. Connectionless protocols do not require a connectionbetween end systems in order to pass data. The physical layer does not useconnectionless or connection-oriented protocols; it defines standards for transmittingand receiving information over a network. Thedata link layer provides physicaladdressing and final packaging of data for transmission. The network layer isresponsible for logical addressing and routing. The session layer is responsible forcreating and maintaining a dialogue between end systems. The presentation layer isresponsible for the formatting, translation, and presentation of information. Theapplication layer provides an entry point for applications to access the protocol stackand prepare information for transmission across a network.Which of the following layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) modeltypicallyhave dedicated physical hardware devices associated with them? (Choose all thatapply.)A. PhysicalB. Data link

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C. NetworkD. TransportE. SessionF. PresentationG. ApplicationA, B, C. The physical layer of the OSI model is associated with hubs, cables, andnetwork interface adapters. The data link layer is associated with bridges and switches.The network layer is associated with routers. The transport, session, presentation, andapplication layers are typically not associated with dedicated hardware devices.At which layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is there aprotocol thatadds both a header and footer to the information that is passed down from anupper layer,thus creating a frame?A. PhysicalB. Data linkC. NetworkD. TransportE. SessionF. PresentationG. ApplicationB. The only layer with a protocol (such as Ethernet) that adds both a header and afooter is the data link layer. The process ofadding the headers and footers is known asdata encapsulation. All other protocol layers that encapsulate data add just a header.Identify the layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model that controlsthe addressing,transmission, and receptionof Ethernet frames, and also identify the mediaaccess controlmethod that Ethernet uses.

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A. Physical layer; Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection(CSMA/CD)B. Physical layer; Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance(CSMA/CA)C. Data link layer; CSMA/CDD. Data link layer; CSMA/CAC. The Ethernet protocol that handles the addressing, transmission, and reception offrames operates at the data link layer. Each frame includes hardware addresses thatidentify the sending and receiving systems on the local network. Ethernet uses theCSMA/CD media access control method. Physical layer specifications include thetransmission of signals in the form of electrical or light pulses to represent binary code,not frames. CSMA/CA is a data link layer media access control method used bywireless LAN protocols, but not Ethernet.At which layer of the OSI model do you find the protocol responsible for thedelivery of datato its ultimate destination on an internetwork?A. Data linkB. NetworkC.SessionD. ApplicationB. On a TCP/IP network, the Internet Protocol (IP) at the network layer is the protocolresponsible for the delivery of data to its final destination. Data link layer protocols areonly concerned with communication between devices on a Local Area Network (LAN) orbetween two points connected by a Wide Area Network (WAN) link. The session andapplication layers are not involved in the actual delivery of dataWhich of the following is not a protocol operating at the network layer of the OSImodel?A. IPB. ICMP

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C. IGMPD. IMAPD. Internet Protocol (IP), Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), and Internet GroupMessage Protocol (IGMP) are all network layer protocols. Internet Message AccessProtocol (IMAP) is a mail protocol that operates at the application layer.Ed is a software developer who has been given the task of creating an applicationthatrequires guaranteed delivery of information between end systems. At which layerof the OpenSystems Interconnection (OSI) model does the protocol that provides theguaranteed deliveryrun, and what type of protocol must Ed use?A. Data link layer; connectionlessB. Network layer; connection-orientedC. Transport layer; connection-orientedD. Application layer; connectionlessC. A connection-oriented transport layer protocol, such as Transmission ControlProtocol (TCP), provides guaranteed delivery of data for upper layer applications.Connectionless protocols do notguarantee delivery of information and therefore are nota good choice. Guaranteed delivery of information is generally not a function of the datalink, network, or application layer.Which of the following devices operates only at the physical layer of theOpenSystems Interconnection(OSI) model?A. HubB. BridgeC. SwitchD. Router

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A. A hub functions only at the physical layer by forwarding all incoming signals outthrough all of its ports. Bridges and switches operate at the data link layer by selectivelypropagating incoming data. Routers operate at the network layer by connecting localarea networks (LANs) and propagating only the traffic intended for another network,based on IP addressesAlice is a network administrator designing a new Local Area Network (LAN). Sheneeds todetermine the type of cabling and the network topology to implement. Whichlayers of theOpen Systems Interconnection (OSI) model apply to cabling and topologyelements?A. Physical and data link layersB. Data link and network layersC. Network and transport layersD. Transport and application layersA. The physical layer defines the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the cablesused to build a network. The data link layer defines specific network (LAN or WAN)topologies and their characteristics. The physical layer standard that Alice willimplement is dependent on the data link layer protocol she selects. The network,transport, and application layers are not concerned with cables and topologies.Which layers of the OpenSystems Interconnection (OSI) model do not haveprotocols in theTCP/IP suite exclusively dedicated to them? (Choose all that apply.)A. PhysicalB. Data linkC. NetworkD. TransportE. Session

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F. PresentationG. ApplicationE, F. In the TCP/IP suite, thefunctions of the session layer are primarily implemented inthe transport layer protocols: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User DatagramProtocol (UDP). The presentation layer functions are often implemented in applicationlayer protocols, althoughsome functions, such as encryption, can also be performed bytransport or network layer protocols.The protocols at which layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) modeluse portnumbers to identify the applications that are the source and the destination of thedata inthe packets?A. ApplicationB. PresentationC. TransportD. Network. Transport layer protocols, such as Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and UserDatagram Protocol (UDP), have header fields that contain the port numbers of theapplications that generated the data in the packet and which will receive it. Theapplication, presentation, and network layers do not use port numbers.Which of the following is a correct listing of the Open Systems Interconnection(OSI) modellayers, in order, from top to bottom?A. Physical, data link, transport, network, session presentation, applicationB. Application, session, presentation, transport, network, data link, physicalC. Presentation, application, transport, session, network, physical, data linkD. Session, application, presentation, transport, data link, network, physicalE. Application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, physical

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E. The correct order of the OSI model layers, from top to bottom, is application,presentation, session, transport, network, data link, physical.At which of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model layers do switchesand bridgesperform their basic functions?A. PhysicalB. Data linkC. NetworkD. TransportB. Switches and bridges are involvedin Local Area Network (LAN) communications onlyand therefore primarily at the data link layer. They are not primarily associated with thephysical, network, or transport layers, although some switches include network layerrouting capabilitiesOn a TCP/IP network, flow control is a function implemented in protocolsoperating atwhich layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model?A. PresentationB. SessionC. TransportD. NetworkC. Flow control is a process that adjusts the transmission rate of aprotocol based onthe capability of the receiver. If the receiving system becomes overwhelmed byincoming data, the sender dynamically reduces the transmission rate. In the TCP/IPprotocol suite, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is responsible for implementing flowcontrol. TCP runs at the transport layer. None of the other layers listed have TCP/IPprotocols that provide flow control.Which layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model defines themedium, network

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interfaces, connecting hardware, and signaling methods used on a network?A. PhysicalB. Data linkC. NetworkD. TransportE. SessionF. PresentationG. ApplicationA. The physical layer of the OSI model defines the standards for the physical andmechanical characteristics of a network,such as cabling (copper and fiber), connectinghardware (hubs and switches), and signaling methods (analog and digital). All of theother layers are not involved in the mechanical characteristics of the network.Which of the OSI model layers is responsible for syntax translation andcompression orencryption?A. Data linkB. NetworkC. SessionD. PresentationE. ApplicationD. The presentation layer provides a syntax translation service that enables twocomputers to communicate, despite their use of different bit-encoding methods. Thistranslation service also enables systems using compressed or encrypted data tocommunicate with each otherWhich layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is responsible fortransmittingsignals over the network medium?A. PhysicalB. Data link

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C. NetworkD. TransportE. SessionF. PresentationG. ApplicationA. The physical layer of the OSI model defines the functions specific to the networkmedium and the transmission and reception of signals. All of the other layers areimplemented in software and do not physically send or receive signals.Specify the layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model at which theInternet Protocol(IP) operates and whether it is connection-orientedor connectionless.A. Network; connection-orientedB. Network; connectionlessC. Transport; connection-orientedD. Transport; connectionlessB. IP is a connectionless protocol that operates at the network layer of the OSI model.There are no connection-oriented protocols at this layer. The protocols at the transportlayer include Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which is connection-oriented, andUser Datagram Protocol (UDP), which is connectionless.An Ethernet network interface adapter provides functions that span which twolayers of theOpen Systems Interconnection (OSI) model?A. Physical and data linkB. Data link and networkC. Network and transportD. Transport and application

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A. An Ethernet network interface adapter functions at the data link layer byencapsulating networklayer data for transmission over the network. It provides physicallayer functions by providing the connection to the network medium and generating theappropriate signals for transmission. Network interface adapters do not operate at thenetwork, transport, or application layer.Which of the following protocols operate at the application layer of the OpenSystems Interconnection(OSI) model? (Choose all that apply.)A. HTTPB. SNMPC. ICMPD. IGMPE. UDPA, B. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Simple Network Management Protocol(SNMP) operate at the application layer. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) andInternet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) both operate at the network layer. UserDatagramProtocol (UDP) operates at the transport layerWhich layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model would beresponsible forconverting a text file encoded using EBCDIC on the sending system into ASCIIcode, whenrequired by the receiving system?A. ApplicationB. PresentationC. SessionD. PhysicalB. The presentation layer of the OSI model is responsible for translating different kindsof syntax, including text-encoding systems, such as EBCDIC and ASCII. Theapplication, session, and physical layers do not perform this function.

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Which of the following protocols operates at the network layer of the OSI model,butdoes not encapsulate data generated by an upper layer protocol for transmissionoverthe network?A. IPB. UDPC. ARPD. ICMPE. TCPD. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) operates at the network layer by sendingoperational and error messages. It does not encapsulate upper layer protocol data.Internet Protocol (IP) operates at the network layer, but it does encapsulate transportlayerprotocol data. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol(UDP) are transport layer protocols that encapsulate upper layer protocol data. AddressResolution Protocol (ARP) does not encapsulate upper layer protocol data, but it is adata link layer protocol.A client on a TCP/IP network is attempting to establish a session with a server.Which of thefollowing correctly lists the order of the TCP flags raised in the TransmissionControl Protocol(TCP) session establishment messages?A. SYN, ACK, SYN, ACKB. SYN, SYN, ACK, ACKC. SYN/ACK, SYN/ACKD. SYN, SYN/ACK, ACKD. The TCP connection establishment exchange is a three-way handshake that usesTCP flags to specify the message type for each frame. The first frame contains a SYN

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flag fromthe client; the second frame contains the SYN and ACK flags from the server;and the last frame contains an ACK flag from the client.Which of the following is the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) size for anEthernetframe?A. 512B. 1024C. 1500D. 1518C. The MTU is the largest amount of data (in bytes) that a protocol operating at a givenlayer of the OSI model can transmit in one packet. The MTU does not include anyheader and footer fields supplied by that protocol. For Ethernet, the maximum framesizeis 1518 bytes, which includes 18 bytes of header and footer fields. Therefore, theMTU for Ethernet is 1500 bytes. Protocols operating at other OSI model layers can havedifferent MTUs. For example, the tyWhich of the following Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) control bits is set to1 to initiatethe termination of a session?A. SYNB. URGC. FIND. ENDE. PSHC. The termination phase of a TCP connection begins when either the client or theserver sends a message containing the FIN control bit with a value of 1. The othercontrol bits listed have nothing to do with the connection termination procedure, andthere is no END bit.

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An electrician installing a new light fixture accidentally severs one of the LANcables runningthrough the dropped ceiling space. With which topology would the severed cablecause thegreatest amount of disturbance to the network?A. BusB. StarC. Logical ringD. MeshA. A cable break in a bus topology would split the network into two halves, preventingthe nodes on one side of the break from communicating with those on the other. Inaddition, both halves of the network would be left with one unterminated end, whichwould prevent the computers on each side of the break from communicating effectively.A cable break in a star or logical ring topology would only interrupt the connection of asingle computer to the network. The mesh topology is not often used for LANs, butredundant network connections are a characteristic of mesh networks, which meansthat a single cable break would have no effect on the network.Which of the following statements about a wired Local Area Network (LAN) istrue?A. Wired LANs support only the star topology.B. Wired LANs support only the star and bus topologies.C. Wired LANs support only the star and ring topologies.D. Wired LANs can support ring, bus, or star topologies.A wired LAN is a group of computers within a small area, connected by a commonnetwork medium. A wired LAN can be configured using a ring, bus, or star topology.Which of the followingis an example of a hybrid topology?A. A workstation with two network interface cards, one of which is connected to astar networkand one to a bus network

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B. Four Ethernet switches connected using a bus topologyC. Four workstations, each with a separatenetwork connection to each of theother threeD. Four Ethernet switches, each with a separate network connection to each ofthe otherthreeB . A hybrid topology is a network that uses two or more of the basic topologies,connected together so that each workstation can communicate with all of the otherworkstations. Connecting four switches to a bus topology combines four-star networksin such a way that the workstations are all interconnected. Connecting a singleworkstation to a star and a bus network enables that workstation to access bothnetworks, but it does not enable other workstations to access both topologies. Fourworkstations, each with a separate connection to the other three, is a mesh networktopology, not a hybrid. Four connected switches expands the star topology, but it doesnot create a hybrid topologyWhich type of network is typically confined to a small area, such as a singleroom, floor,or building?A. WANB. LANC. MAND. CANB. A Local Area Network (LAN), as the name implies, is a group of computers containedwithin a small geographic area. WANs (Wide Area Networks) connect LANs that aregeographically distant. MANs (Metropolitan Area Networks) are not confined to a smallarea; they are typically larger than a LAN but smaller than aWAN. A Campus AreaNetwork (CAN) typically includes a group of adjacent buildings, such as those of acorporation or university.

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Which type of network connects Local Area Networks (LANs) in distantlocations?A. WANB. LANC. MAND. CANA. WANs (Wide AreaNetworks) connect LANs that are geographically distant. A LAN(Local Area Network), as the name implies, is a group of computers, not other LANs,and it is contained within a small area. MANs (Metropolitan Area Networks) connectLANs in a single metropolitan area; they are not confined to a small area. A MAN istypically larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN. A Campus Area Network (CAN)typically includes a group of adjacent buildings, such as those of a corporation oruniversityWhich of the following topologies requires the installation of terminatingresistors at twolocations?A. BusB. StarC. RingD. MeshA. A bus topology requires terminating resistors at each end of the bus, to removesignals as they reach the end of the cable and prevent them from reflecting back in theother direction and interfering with newly transmitted signals. Star, ring, and meshtopologies do not require terminating resistorsWhich of the following topologies is used by the majority of new Ethernetnetworksinstalled today?A. BusB. Virtual ring

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C. MeshD. Hierarchical starD. Virtually all of the new Ethernet networks installed today use the star or thehierarchical star topology, with one or more switches functioning as a cabling nexusAlice has constructed a five-nodefailover cluster in which all five servers are connected toa hard disk array using a dedicated Fibre Channel network. Which of thefollowing termsdescribes this network arrangement?A. SANB. PANC. WAND. MANA. A storage area network (SAN) is a networkthat is dedicated to carrying trafficbetween servers and storage devices. A Personal Area Network (PAN) providescommunication among devices associated with a single person, such as smartphones.A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a network that connects devicesor networks at differentgeographic locations. A Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is a type of WAN thatconnects devices within a limited geographic area.Which of the following is not a technology typically used for a personal areanetwork (PAN)?A. BluetoothB. Z-WaveC. NFCD. SDWAND. A Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SDWAN) is a technology that automatesthe configuration of WAN routers based on the current mix of traffic. It is therefore notsuitable for use on a PAN. Bluetooth, Z-Wave, and near-field communication (NFC) are

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all short-range wireless technologies that are capable of providing communicationsbetween PAN devices.Which of the following network topologies are used by Wireless Local AreaNetworks(WLANs)? (Choose all that apply.)A. Ad hocB. BusC. InfrastructureD. StarA, C. WLANs can use the ad hoc topology, in which devices communicate directly witheach other, or the infrastructure topology, in which the wireless devices connect to anaccess point. The bus and star topologies are used by wired networks only.Which of the following cabling topologies was used by the first Ethernetnetworks?A. BusB. RingC. StarD. MeshA. The first Ethernet networks used a physical layer implementation commonly knownas Thick Ethernet or 10Base5. The network used coaxial cable in a bus topology. LaterEthernet standards use twisted pair cable in a star topology. Ethernet has never used aring or mesh topologyOn an Ethernet network using the star topology, which of the following devicescanfunctionas the cabling nexus that forms the figurative center of the star? (Choose all thatapply.)A. HubB. Router

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C. SwitchD. Access PointA, C. A hub or a switch can function as the cabling nexus at the center of an Ethernetstar topology. Each of the devices on the network is connected by a cable to a hub orswitch. Routers are used to connect networks to each other; they cannot function as thecenter of a star topologyWhich of the following cabling topologies provides the greatest number ofredundant pathsthrough the network?A. StarB. RingC. MeshD. BusC. A mesh topology is one in which every node is directly connected to every othernode, therefore providing complete redundancy through the network. In a star topology,each node is connected toa central nexus, providing each with a single path to the restof the network. In a ring topology, each node is connected to two other nodes, providingtwo possible paths through the network. In a bus topology, nodes are chained togetherin a line, providing no redundancy.Which of the following Ethernet physical layer options does not use the startopology?A. 10Base2B. 10Base-TC. 100Base-TXD. 1000Base-TA. 10Base2 is the physical layer specification for Thin Ethernet, which uses coaxialcable in a bustopology. 10Base-T, 100Base-TX, and 1000Base-T all use twisted paircable in a star topology

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Which of the following network types are typically wireless? (Choose all thatapply.)A. WANB. PANC. SAND. WLANB, D. Personal area networks (PANs) connect devices associated with a single person,such as smartphones, and are nearly always wireless. Wireless Local Area Networks(WLANs) are wireless by definition. Wide Area Networks (WANs) typically span longdistances and are typically wired, at least in part. Storage area networks (SANs) requirehigh performance levels and are nearly always wired.Dense Wave Division Multiplexing (DWDM) is a signaling technology that hasbecome apopular choice in the construction of which of the following types of providerlinks?A. Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)B. Metro-opticalC. SatelliteD. CableB. DWDM has become a popular technology in the construction of metro-opticalnetworks because it addresses some of the scalability and cost restrictions of otheroptical technologies, such as Synchronous Optical Networks (SONETs). DSL, satellite,and cable providers do not typically use DWDM.Which of the following statements is true about the differences between a peer-to-peer network and a client-server network?A. Peer-to-peer networks are inherently less secure than client-server networks.B. Peer-to-peer networks are illegal, while client-servernetworks are legal.C. On peer-to-peer networks, every workstation is capable of authenticating

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users.D. On a peer-to-peer network, allworkstations must share their resources.C. A peer-to-peer network calls for each workstation to maintain accounts forauthenticating users that access their shared resources. On a client-server network,authentication is centralized. Peer-to-peer networks can be more difficult to administerthan client-server networks, but they are not inherently less secure. Peer networkssharing copyrighted content on the Internet are illegal, but it is not illegal to share privateresources on a peer-to-peer network. Workstations on a peer-to-peer network are notrequired to share their resources, but they are capable of it.Why does DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) technology support faster datatransmissions than astandard Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) modemconnection?A. DSL uses a separate control circuit that provides clear channels for data.B. DSL does not perform Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) functions andtherefore has less overhead.C. DSL performs only a single analog-to-digital conversion.D. DSL uses a higher frequency range.D. DSL technology provides higher data rates because it uses frequency ranges thatare higher than the standard voice spectrum. DSL connections use 10 kHz and above,whereas the standard voice spectrum uses 300 Hz to 4 kHz. DSL does not useseparate control circuits and does not perform CRC functions. Also, DSL technology isstrictly digital and does not require an analog-to-digital conversion.Which DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) technology can adjust its transmissionspeed based on line conditions?A. HDSLB. IDSLC. RADSLD. VDSL

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C. Rate-Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line (RADSL) technology can adjust its rate oftransmission based on line conditions. High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL),Very highrate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL), and Internet Digital Subscriber Line(IDSL) do not userate adaptive transmission.Ed has been hired by a private company to connect two remote sites with a WideArea Network (WAN). Each of these sites has more than 200 users, and they allneed to constantlytransfer files across the WAN. One of the sites has a customer database that isaccessed by both sites at all hours of the day. Access to the database and otherinformation is timesensitive and constant. The company estimates that their aggregate bandwidthneeds to beapproximately 40 Mbps. Management says that they need toguarantee access to thisinformation and that money is not a factor in the WAN implementation. WhichWAN technology should Ed recommend for this scenario?A. A standard modem-to-modem connectionB.A T-3 dedicated leased lineC. A cable television (CATV) connectionD. An ADSL (Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line) connectionB. For this scenario, the best of the options given is a dedicated leased line connection.This is because the bandwidth requirements are constant, and the data transfer ratesare high. To support the 40 Mbps data rate, Ed should recommend a T-3 dedicatedleased line, running at 44.735 Mbps. Standard modem connections, CATV, and ADSLconnections are all too slow.Which of the following Wide Area Network (WAN) technologies uses broadbandsignaling?A. Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)B. Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)

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C. Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)D. Cable television (CATV)D. CATV networks use broadband signaling,which enables many signals to occupy thesame channel. DSL and ISDN do not use broadband signaling. SONET is a physicallayer standard that defines fiber-optic connections.Ed has been hired by a private company to connect two remote sites with a WideAreaNetwork(WAN). Each of these sites has more than 200 users, and they all need toconstantly transfer files across the WAN. One of the sites has a customerdatabase that is accessed by both sites at all hours of the day. Access to thedatabase and other information is time sensitive and constant. The companyestimates that their aggregate bandwidth needs to be approximately 40 Mbps.Management says that they need to guarantee access to thisinformation and that money is not a factor in the WAN implementation. WhichWAN technology should Ed recommend for this scenario?A. A standard modem-to-modem connectionB. A T-3 dedicated leased lineC. A cable television (CATV) connectionD. An ADSL (Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line) connectionB. For this scenario,the best of the options given is a dedicated leased line connection.This is because the bandwidth requirements are constant, and the data transfer ratesare high. To support the 40 Mbps data rate, Ed should recommend a T-3 dedicatedleased line, runningat 44.735 Mbps. Standard modem connections, CATV, and ADSLconnections are all too slow.Ralph is an employee of a company that offers the option to telecommute fromhome. As a telecommuting employee, he needs to connect to the companynetwork to access clientinformation, transfer files, and send email through a Virtual Private Network (VPN)connection. Ralph is investigating the different Wide Area Network (WAN)

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