CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide (2023)
CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide (2023) is designed to make certification prep easy and effective.
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CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410
Official Cert Guide
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Access interactive study tools on this book’s companion website, including practice test
software, review exercises, video training, Key Term flash card application, a study
planner, and more!
To access the companion website, simply follow these steps:
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CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410
Official Cert Guide
Companion Website and Pearson Test Prep Access Code
Access interactive study tools on this book’s companion website, including practice test
software, review exercises, video training, Key Term flash card application, a study
planner, and more!
To access the companion website, simply follow these steps:
1. Go to ciscopress.com/register.
2. Enter the print book ISBN: 9780138217525.
3. Answer the security question to validate your purchase.
4. Go to your account page.
5. Click on the Registered Products tab.
6. Under the book listing, click on the Access Bonus Content link.
When you register your book, your Pearson Test Prep practice test access code will
automatically be populated with the book listing under the Registered Products tab. You
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the code at PearsonTestPrep.com. Simply choose Pearson IT Certification as your
product group and log into the site with the same credentials you used to register your
book. Click the Activate New Product button and enter the access code. More detailed
instructions on how to redeem your access code for both the online and desktop versions
can be found on the companion website.
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Test Prep practice test access code, you can contact our support team by going to
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Official Cert Guide
Companion Website and Pearson Test Prep Access Code
Access interactive study tools on this book’s companion website, including practice test
software, review exercises, video training, Key Term flash card application, a study
planner, and more!
To access the companion website, simply follow these steps:
1. Go to ciscopress.com/register.
2. Enter the print book ISBN: 9780138217525.
3. Answer the security question to validate your purchase.
4. Go to your account page.
5. Click on the Registered Products tab.
6. Under the book listing, click on the Access Bonus Content link.
When you register your book, your Pearson Test Prep practice test access code will
automatically be populated with the book listing under the Registered Products tab. You
will need this code to access the practice test that comes with this book. You can redeem
the code at PearsonTestPrep.com. Simply choose Pearson IT Certification as your
product group and log into the site with the same credentials you used to register your
book. Click the Activate New Product button and enter the access code. More detailed
instructions on how to redeem your access code for both the online and desktop versions
can be found on the companion website.
If you have any issues accessing the companion website or obtaining your Pearson
Test Prep practice test access code, you can contact our support team by going to
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Cisco Press
CCNP
Enterprise
Advanced
Routing
Official Cert Guide,
Second Edition
RAYMOND LACOSTE
BRAD EDGEWORTH, CCIE No. 31574
ENARSI 300-410
CCNP
Enterprise
Advanced
Routing
Official Cert Guide,
Second Edition
RAYMOND LACOSTE
BRAD EDGEWORTH, CCIE No. 31574
ENARSI 300-410
iv CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide
CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing
ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide,
Second Edition
Raymond Lacoste, Brad Edgeworth
Copyright© 2024 Cisco Systems, Inc.
Published by:
Cisco Press
All rights reserved. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the
publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form
or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding
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Permissions Department, please visit www.pearson.com/permissions.
No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Although
every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no
responsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of
the information contained herein.
$PrintCode
Library of Congress Control Number: 2023911481
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-821752-5
ISBN-10: 0-13-821752-1
Warning and Disclaimer
This book is designed to provide information about Implementing Cisco Enterprise Advanced Routing
and Services (ENARSI 300-410). Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accu-
rate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied.
The information is provided on an “as is” basis. The authors, Cisco Press, and Cisco Systems, Inc. shall
have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising
from the information contained in this book or from the use of the discs or programs that may accom-
pany it.
The opinions expressed in this book belong to the author and are not necessarily those of
Cisco Systems, Inc.
Trademark Acknowledgments
All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropri-
ately capitalized. Cisco Press or Cisco Systems, Inc., cannot attest to the accuracy of this information.
Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service
mark.
Figure credit: Figure 7-1 Wireshark
CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing
ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide,
Second Edition
Raymond Lacoste, Brad Edgeworth
Copyright© 2024 Cisco Systems, Inc.
Published by:
Cisco Press
All rights reserved. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the
publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form
or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding
permissions, request forms, and the appropriate contacts within the Pearson Education Global Rights &
Permissions Department, please visit www.pearson.com/permissions.
No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Although
every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no
responsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of
the information contained herein.
$PrintCode
Library of Congress Control Number: 2023911481
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-821752-5
ISBN-10: 0-13-821752-1
Warning and Disclaimer
This book is designed to provide information about Implementing Cisco Enterprise Advanced Routing
and Services (ENARSI 300-410). Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accu-
rate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied.
The information is provided on an “as is” basis. The authors, Cisco Press, and Cisco Systems, Inc. shall
have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising
from the information contained in this book or from the use of the discs or programs that may accom-
pany it.
The opinions expressed in this book belong to the author and are not necessarily those of
Cisco Systems, Inc.
Trademark Acknowledgments
All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropri-
ately capitalized. Cisco Press or Cisco Systems, Inc., cannot attest to the accuracy of this information.
Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service
mark.
Figure credit: Figure 7-1 Wireshark
Loading page 6...
v
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not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (1110R)
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San Jose, CA
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Singapore
Europe Headquarters
Cisco Systems International BV Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
Cisco has more than 200 offices worldwide. Addresses, phone numbers, and fax numbers are listed on the Cisco Website at www.cisco.com/go/offices.
Special Sales
For information about buying this title in bulk quantities, or for special sales opportunities (which may
include electronic versions; custom cover designs; and content particular to your business, training
goals, marketing focus, or branding interests), please contact our corporate sales department at
corpsales@pearsoned.com or (800) 382-3419.
For government sales inquiries, please contact governmentsales@pearsoned.com.
For questions about sales outside the U.S., please contact international@pearsoned.com.
Feedback Information
At Cisco Press, our goal is to create in-depth technical books of the highest quality and value. Each book
is crafted with care and precision, undergoing rigorous development that involves the unique expertise of
members from the professional technical community.
Readers’ feedback is a natural continuation of this process. If you have any comments regarding how we
could improve the quality of this book, or otherwise alter it to better suit your needs, you can contact us
through email at feedback@ciscopress.com. Please make sure to include the book title and ISBN in your
message.
We greatly appreciate your assistance.
Vice President, IT Professional: Mark Taub Technical Editor: Hector Mendoza, Jr
Alliances Manager, Cisco Press: Jaci Featherly; James Risler Editorial Assistant: Cindy Teeters
Director, ITP Product Management: Brett Bartow Designer: Chuti Prasertsith
Managing Editor: Sandra Schroeder Composition: Codemantra
Development Editor: Ellie C. Bru Indexer: Erika Millen
Senior Project Editor: Mandie Frank Proofreader: Barbara Mack
Copy Editor: Kitty Wilson
Americas Headquarters
Cisco Systems, Inc.
San Jose, CA
Asia Pacific Headquarters
Cisco Systems (USA) Pte. Ltd.
Singapore
Europe Headquarters
Cisco Systems International BV Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
Cisco has more than 200 offices worldwide. Addresses, phone numbers, and fax numbers are listed on the Cisco Website at www.cisco.com/go/offices.
Cisco and the Cisco logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cisco and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. To view a list of Cisco trademarks, go
to this URL: www.cisco.com/go/trademarks. Third party trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply
a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (1110R)
Cisco and the Cisco logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cisco and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. To view a list of Cisco trademarks,
go to this URL: www.cisco.com/go/trademarks. Third party trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does
not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (1110R)
Americas Headquarters
Cisco Systems, Inc.
San Jose, CA
Asia Pacific Headquarters
Cisco Systems (USA) Pte. Ltd.
Singapore
Europe Headquarters
Cisco Systems International BV Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
Cisco has more than 200 offices worldwide. Addresses, phone numbers, and fax numbers are listed on the Cisco Website at www.cisco.com/go/offices.
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Pearson’s Commitment to Diversity, Equity,
and Inclusion
Pearson is dedicated to creating bias-free content that reflects the diversity of all learners.
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a duty to help drive change and live up to our purpose to help more people create a
better life for themselves and to create a better world.
Our ambition is to purposefully contribute to a world where
■ Everyone has an equitable and lifelong opportunity to succeed through learning
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and Inclusion
Pearson is dedicated to creating bias-free content that reflects the diversity of all learners.
We embrace the many dimensions of diversity, including but not limited to race, ethnic-
ity, gender, socioeconomic status, ability, age, sexual orientation, and religious or political
beliefs.
Education is a powerful force for equity and change in our world. It has the potential to
deliver opportunities that improve lives and enable economic mobility. As we work with
authors to create content for every product and service, we acknowledge our responsibil-
ity to demonstrate inclusivity and incorporate diverse scholarship so that everyone can
achieve their potential through learning. As the world’s leading learning company, we have
a duty to help drive change and live up to our purpose to help more people create a
better life for themselves and to create a better world.
Our ambition is to purposefully contribute to a world where
■ Everyone has an equitable and lifelong opportunity to succeed through learning
■ Our educational products and services are inclusive and represent the rich diversity
of learners
■ Our educational content accurately reflects the histories and experiences of the
learners we serve
■ Our educational content prompts deeper discussions with learners and motivates
them to expand their own learning (and worldview)
While we work hard to present unbiased content, we want to hear from you about any
concerns or needs with this Pearson product so that we can investigate and address them.
Please contact us with concerns about any potential bias at https://www.pearson.com/
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vii
About the Authors
Raymond Lacoste has dedicated his career to developing the skills of those interested
in IT. In 2001, he began to mentor hundreds of IT professionals pursuing their Cisco
certification dreams. This role led to teaching Cisco courses full time. Raymond is
currently a master instructor for Cisco Enterprise Routing and Switching, AWS, ITIL,
and CyberSecurity at StormWind Studios. Raymond treats all technologies as an
escape room, working to uncover every mystery in the protocols he works with. Along
this journey, Raymond has passed more than 120 exams, and his office wall includes
certificates from Microsoft, Cisco, ISC2, ITIL, AWS, and CompTIA. If you were
visualizing Raymond’s office, you’d probably expect the usual network equipment,
certifications, and awards. Those certainly take up space, but they aren’t his pride and joy.
Most impressive, at least to Raymond, is his gemstone and mineral collection; once he
starts talking about it, he just can’t stop. Who doesn’t get excited by a wondrous barite
specimen in a pyrite matrix? Raymond presently resides with his wife and two children
in eastern Canada, where they experience many adventures together.
Brad Edgeworth, CCIE No. 31574 (R&S and SP), is an SD-WAN technical solutions
architect at Cisco Systems. Brad is a distinguished speaker at Cisco Live, where he has
presented on various topics. Before joining Cisco, Brad worked as a network architect and
consultant for various Fortune 500 companies. Brad’s expertise is based on enterprise and
service provider environments, with an emphasis on architectural and operational
simplicity. Brad holds a bachelor of arts degree in computer systems management from
St. Edward’s University in Austin, Texas. Brad can be found on Twitter as
@BradEdgeworth.
About the Authors
Raymond Lacoste has dedicated his career to developing the skills of those interested
in IT. In 2001, he began to mentor hundreds of IT professionals pursuing their Cisco
certification dreams. This role led to teaching Cisco courses full time. Raymond is
currently a master instructor for Cisco Enterprise Routing and Switching, AWS, ITIL,
and CyberSecurity at StormWind Studios. Raymond treats all technologies as an
escape room, working to uncover every mystery in the protocols he works with. Along
this journey, Raymond has passed more than 120 exams, and his office wall includes
certificates from Microsoft, Cisco, ISC2, ITIL, AWS, and CompTIA. If you were
visualizing Raymond’s office, you’d probably expect the usual network equipment,
certifications, and awards. Those certainly take up space, but they aren’t his pride and joy.
Most impressive, at least to Raymond, is his gemstone and mineral collection; once he
starts talking about it, he just can’t stop. Who doesn’t get excited by a wondrous barite
specimen in a pyrite matrix? Raymond presently resides with his wife and two children
in eastern Canada, where they experience many adventures together.
Brad Edgeworth, CCIE No. 31574 (R&S and SP), is an SD-WAN technical solutions
architect at Cisco Systems. Brad is a distinguished speaker at Cisco Live, where he has
presented on various topics. Before joining Cisco, Brad worked as a network architect and
consultant for various Fortune 500 companies. Brad’s expertise is based on enterprise and
service provider environments, with an emphasis on architectural and operational
simplicity. Brad holds a bachelor of arts degree in computer systems management from
St. Edward’s University in Austin, Texas. Brad can be found on Twitter as
@BradEdgeworth.
Loading page 9...
viii CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide
About the Technical Reviewer
Hector Mendoza, Jr., CCIE No. 10687 (R&S, SP, and Security), has spent the past
14 years at Cisco Systems and is currently a solutions integration architect supporting
large SP customers. Prior to this proactive role in CX, he spent nearly a decade providing
reactive support in High Touch Technical Services in the Security Group, where he
provided escalation support for some of the largest customers for Cisco. A four-time
Cisco Live speaker and an Alpha reviewer of Cisco Security courseware, Hector is a huge
advocate of continuing education and knowledge sharing. Hector has a passion for
technology, enjoys solving complex problems, and loves working with customers. In his
spare time, he tech reviews his esteemed colleagues’ Cisco Press books.
About the Technical Reviewer
Hector Mendoza, Jr., CCIE No. 10687 (R&S, SP, and Security), has spent the past
14 years at Cisco Systems and is currently a solutions integration architect supporting
large SP customers. Prior to this proactive role in CX, he spent nearly a decade providing
reactive support in High Touch Technical Services in the Security Group, where he
provided escalation support for some of the largest customers for Cisco. A four-time
Cisco Live speaker and an Alpha reviewer of Cisco Security courseware, Hector is a huge
advocate of continuing education and knowledge sharing. Hector has a passion for
technology, enjoys solving complex problems, and loves working with customers. In his
spare time, he tech reviews his esteemed colleagues’ Cisco Press books.
Loading page 10...
ix
Dedications
Raymond Lacoste:
This book (just like the first edition) is dedicated to my wife, Melanie, who has dedicated
her life to making me a better person, which is the hardest job in the world. Thank you,
Melanie, for being the most amazing wife and mother in the world.
Brad Edgeworth:
This book is dedicated to my daughter, Teagan. Hopefully you’ll want to learn what is
written inside of this text. Until then, enjoy your youth.
Dedications
Raymond Lacoste:
This book (just like the first edition) is dedicated to my wife, Melanie, who has dedicated
her life to making me a better person, which is the hardest job in the world. Thank you,
Melanie, for being the most amazing wife and mother in the world.
Brad Edgeworth:
This book is dedicated to my daughter, Teagan. Hopefully you’ll want to learn what is
written inside of this text. Until then, enjoy your youth.
Loading page 11...
x CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide
Acknowledgments
Raymond Lacoste:
As with the first edition of this book, a huge thank you goes out to Brad for joining me
on this writing adventure. Putting our knowledge together to create this work of art was
the best decision. Thank you so much for sharing this with me.
Thank you to my wife and children, for allowing me to avoid many family adventures
while this book was being developed and supporting me though the entire process. Love
you guys!
Finally, thank you to the entire team at Cisco Press, as well as their families and friends,
who work extremely hard to produce high-quality training material.
Brad Edgeworth:
To Raymond and Brett, thanks for letting me write this book. I am privileged to be able
to share my knowledge with others, and I’m grateful. To the rest of the Cisco Press team,
thanks for taking my block of stone and turning it into a work of art.
To the technical editor: Hector, thank you for the time and expertise.
Many people within Cisco have shared their knowledge with me and taken a chance on
me with various projects over the years. For that I’m forever indebted.
Acknowledgments
Raymond Lacoste:
As with the first edition of this book, a huge thank you goes out to Brad for joining me
on this writing adventure. Putting our knowledge together to create this work of art was
the best decision. Thank you so much for sharing this with me.
Thank you to my wife and children, for allowing me to avoid many family adventures
while this book was being developed and supporting me though the entire process. Love
you guys!
Finally, thank you to the entire team at Cisco Press, as well as their families and friends,
who work extremely hard to produce high-quality training material.
Brad Edgeworth:
To Raymond and Brett, thanks for letting me write this book. I am privileged to be able
to share my knowledge with others, and I’m grateful. To the rest of the Cisco Press team,
thanks for taking my block of stone and turning it into a work of art.
To the technical editor: Hector, thank you for the time and expertise.
Many people within Cisco have shared their knowledge with me and taken a chance on
me with various projects over the years. For that I’m forever indebted.
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xi
Contents at a Glance
Introduction xxxv
Chapter 1 IPv4/IPv6 Addressing and Routing Review 2
Chapter 2 EIGRP 72
Chapter 3 Advanced EIGRP 106
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting EIGRP for IPv4 138
Chapter 5 EIGRPv6 188
Chapter 6 OSPF 222
Chapter 7 Advanced OSPF 260
Chapter 8 Troubleshooting OSPFv2 314
Chapter 9 OSPFv3 370
Chapter 10 Troubleshooting OSPFv3 392
Chapter 11 BGP 426
Chapter 12 Advanced BGP 480
Chapter 13 BGP Path Selection 524
Chapter 14 Troubleshooting BGP 556
Chapter 15 Route Maps and Conditional Forwarding 620
Chapter 16 Route Redistribution 648
Chapter 17 Troubleshooting Redistribution 674
Chapter 18 VRF, MPLS, and MPLS Layer 3 VPNs 724
Chapter 19 DMVPN Tunnels 766
Chapter 20 Securing DMVPN Tunnels 820
Chapter 21 Troubleshooting ACLs and Prefix Lists 842
Chapter 22 Infrastructure Security 866
Chapter 23 Device Management and Management Tools Troubleshooting 890
Chapter 24 Final Preparation 944
Contents at a Glance
Introduction xxxv
Chapter 1 IPv4/IPv6 Addressing and Routing Review 2
Chapter 2 EIGRP 72
Chapter 3 Advanced EIGRP 106
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting EIGRP for IPv4 138
Chapter 5 EIGRPv6 188
Chapter 6 OSPF 222
Chapter 7 Advanced OSPF 260
Chapter 8 Troubleshooting OSPFv2 314
Chapter 9 OSPFv3 370
Chapter 10 Troubleshooting OSPFv3 392
Chapter 11 BGP 426
Chapter 12 Advanced BGP 480
Chapter 13 BGP Path Selection 524
Chapter 14 Troubleshooting BGP 556
Chapter 15 Route Maps and Conditional Forwarding 620
Chapter 16 Route Redistribution 648
Chapter 17 Troubleshooting Redistribution 674
Chapter 18 VRF, MPLS, and MPLS Layer 3 VPNs 724
Chapter 19 DMVPN Tunnels 766
Chapter 20 Securing DMVPN Tunnels 820
Chapter 21 Troubleshooting ACLs and Prefix Lists 842
Chapter 22 Infrastructure Security 866
Chapter 23 Device Management and Management Tools Troubleshooting 890
Chapter 24 Final Preparation 944
Loading page 13...
xii CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide
Chapter 25 ENARSI 300-410 Exam Updates 954
Appendix A Answers to the “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz Questions 958
Glossary 972
Index 990
Online Elements
Appendix B Command Reference Exercises
Appendix C Command Reference Exercises Answer Key
Appendix D Study Planner
Chapter 25 ENARSI 300-410 Exam Updates 954
Appendix A Answers to the “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz Questions 958
Glossary 972
Index 990
Online Elements
Appendix B Command Reference Exercises
Appendix C Command Reference Exercises Answer Key
Appendix D Study Planner
Loading page 14...
xiii
Contents
Introduction xxxv
Chapter 1 IPv4/IPv6 Addressing and Routing Review 2
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 3
Foundation Topics 7
IPv4 Addressing 7
IPv4 Addressing Issues 7
Determining IP Addresses Within a Subnet 10
DHCP for IPv4 11
Reviewing DHCP Operations 11
Potential DHCP Troubleshooting Issues 16
DHCP Troubleshooting Commands 17
IPv6 Addressing 19
IPv6 Addressing Review 19
EUI-64 20
IPv6 SLAAC, Stateful DHCPv6, and Stateless DHCPv6 22
SLAAC 22
Stateful DHCPv6 27
Stateless DHCPv6 28
DHCPv6 Operation 29
DHCPv6 Relay Agents 30
Packet-Forwarding Process 31
Reviewing the Layer 3 Packet-Forwarding Process 31
Troubleshooting the Packet-Forwarding Process 35
Administrative Distance 38
Data Structures and the Routing Table 39
Sources of Routing Information 39
Static Routes 41
IPv4 Static Routes 42
IPv6 Static Routes 46
Trouble Tickets 48
IPv4 Addressing and Addressing Technologies Trouble Tickets 48
Trouble Ticket 1-1 48
Trouble Ticket 1-2 50
Contents
Introduction xxxv
Chapter 1 IPv4/IPv6 Addressing and Routing Review 2
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 3
Foundation Topics 7
IPv4 Addressing 7
IPv4 Addressing Issues 7
Determining IP Addresses Within a Subnet 10
DHCP for IPv4 11
Reviewing DHCP Operations 11
Potential DHCP Troubleshooting Issues 16
DHCP Troubleshooting Commands 17
IPv6 Addressing 19
IPv6 Addressing Review 19
EUI-64 20
IPv6 SLAAC, Stateful DHCPv6, and Stateless DHCPv6 22
SLAAC 22
Stateful DHCPv6 27
Stateless DHCPv6 28
DHCPv6 Operation 29
DHCPv6 Relay Agents 30
Packet-Forwarding Process 31
Reviewing the Layer 3 Packet-Forwarding Process 31
Troubleshooting the Packet-Forwarding Process 35
Administrative Distance 38
Data Structures and the Routing Table 39
Sources of Routing Information 39
Static Routes 41
IPv4 Static Routes 42
IPv6 Static Routes 46
Trouble Tickets 48
IPv4 Addressing and Addressing Technologies Trouble Tickets 48
Trouble Ticket 1-1 48
Trouble Ticket 1-2 50
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xiv CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide
IPv6 Addressing Trouble Tickets 53
Trouble Ticket 1-3 54
Trouble Ticket 1-4 57
Static Routing Trouble Tickets 61
Trouble Ticket 1-5 61
Trouble Ticket 1-6 64
Exam Preparation Tasks 66
Review All Key Topics 66
Define Key Terms 68
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 68
Chapter 2 EIGRP 72
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 72
Foundation Topics 74
EIGRP Fundamentals 74
Autonomous Systems 75
EIGRP Terminology 75
Topology Table 76
EIGRP Neighbors 77
Inter-Router Communication 78
Forming EIGRP Neighbors 79
EIGRP Configuration Modes 80
Classic Configuration Mode 80
EIGRP Named Mode 80
EIGRP Network Statement 81
Sample Topology and Configuration 83
Confirming Interfaces 84
Verifying EIGRP Neighbor Adjacencies 85
Displaying Installed EIGRP Routes 86
Router ID 87
Passive Interfaces 88
Authentication 91
Keychain Configuration 92
Enabling Authentication on the Interface 92
Path Metric Calculation 94
Wide Metrics 96
Metric Backward Compatibility 98
IPv6 Addressing Trouble Tickets 53
Trouble Ticket 1-3 54
Trouble Ticket 1-4 57
Static Routing Trouble Tickets 61
Trouble Ticket 1-5 61
Trouble Ticket 1-6 64
Exam Preparation Tasks 66
Review All Key Topics 66
Define Key Terms 68
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 68
Chapter 2 EIGRP 72
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 72
Foundation Topics 74
EIGRP Fundamentals 74
Autonomous Systems 75
EIGRP Terminology 75
Topology Table 76
EIGRP Neighbors 77
Inter-Router Communication 78
Forming EIGRP Neighbors 79
EIGRP Configuration Modes 80
Classic Configuration Mode 80
EIGRP Named Mode 80
EIGRP Network Statement 81
Sample Topology and Configuration 83
Confirming Interfaces 84
Verifying EIGRP Neighbor Adjacencies 85
Displaying Installed EIGRP Routes 86
Router ID 87
Passive Interfaces 88
Authentication 91
Keychain Configuration 92
Enabling Authentication on the Interface 92
Path Metric Calculation 94
Wide Metrics 96
Metric Backward Compatibility 98
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Contents xv
Interface Delay Settings 99
Custom K Values 100
Load Balancing 100
References in This Chapter 102
Exam Preparation Tasks 102
Review All Key Topics 103
Define Key Terms 103
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 103
Chapter 3 Advanced EIGRP 106
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 106
Foundation Topics 108
Failure Detection and Timers 108
Convergence 109
Stuck in Active 112
Route Summarization 114
Interface-Specific Summarization 114
Summary Discard Routes 116
Summarization Metrics 117
Automatic Summarization 118
WAN Considerations 119
EIGRP Stub Router 119
Stub Site Functions 121
IP Bandwidth Percentage 125
Split Horizon 126
Route Manipulation 129
Route Filtering 129
Traffic Steering with EIGRP Offset Lists 132
References in This Chapter 135
Exam Preparation Tasks 135
Review All Key Topics 135
Define Key Terms 136
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 136
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting EIGRP for IPv4 138
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 138
Foundation Topics 141
Troubleshooting EIGRP for IPv4 Neighbor Adjacencies 141
Interface Delay Settings 99
Custom K Values 100
Load Balancing 100
References in This Chapter 102
Exam Preparation Tasks 102
Review All Key Topics 103
Define Key Terms 103
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 103
Chapter 3 Advanced EIGRP 106
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 106
Foundation Topics 108
Failure Detection and Timers 108
Convergence 109
Stuck in Active 112
Route Summarization 114
Interface-Specific Summarization 114
Summary Discard Routes 116
Summarization Metrics 117
Automatic Summarization 118
WAN Considerations 119
EIGRP Stub Router 119
Stub Site Functions 121
IP Bandwidth Percentage 125
Split Horizon 126
Route Manipulation 129
Route Filtering 129
Traffic Steering with EIGRP Offset Lists 132
References in This Chapter 135
Exam Preparation Tasks 135
Review All Key Topics 135
Define Key Terms 136
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 136
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting EIGRP for IPv4 138
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 138
Foundation Topics 141
Troubleshooting EIGRP for IPv4 Neighbor Adjacencies 141
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xvi CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide
Interface Is Down 142
Mismatched Autonomous System Numbers 142
Incorrect Network Statement 144
Mismatched K Values 145
Passive Interface 146
Different Subnets 148
Authentication 148
ACLs 150
Timers 151
Troubleshooting EIGRP for IPv4 Routes 151
Bad or Missing network Command 152
Better Source of Information 154
Route Filtering 157
Stub Configuration 158
Interface Is Shut Down 160
Split Horizon 161
Troubleshooting Miscellaneous EIGRP for IPv4 Issues 162
Feasible Successors 162
Discontiguous Networks and Autosummarization 165
Route Summarization 167
Load Balancing 168
EIGRP for IPv4 Trouble Tickets 169
Trouble Ticket 4-1 169
Trouble Ticket 4-2 177
Trouble Ticket 4-3 180
Exam Preparation Tasks 184
Review All Key Topics 184
Define Key Terms 185
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 185
Chapter 5 EIGRPv6 188
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 188
Foundation Topics 191
EIGRPv6 Fundamentals 191
EIGRPv6 Inter-Router Communication 191
EIGRPv6 Configuration 191
EIGRPv6 Classic Mode Configuration 191
Interface Is Down 142
Mismatched Autonomous System Numbers 142
Incorrect Network Statement 144
Mismatched K Values 145
Passive Interface 146
Different Subnets 148
Authentication 148
ACLs 150
Timers 151
Troubleshooting EIGRP for IPv4 Routes 151
Bad or Missing network Command 152
Better Source of Information 154
Route Filtering 157
Stub Configuration 158
Interface Is Shut Down 160
Split Horizon 161
Troubleshooting Miscellaneous EIGRP for IPv4 Issues 162
Feasible Successors 162
Discontiguous Networks and Autosummarization 165
Route Summarization 167
Load Balancing 168
EIGRP for IPv4 Trouble Tickets 169
Trouble Ticket 4-1 169
Trouble Ticket 4-2 177
Trouble Ticket 4-3 180
Exam Preparation Tasks 184
Review All Key Topics 184
Define Key Terms 185
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 185
Chapter 5 EIGRPv6 188
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 188
Foundation Topics 191
EIGRPv6 Fundamentals 191
EIGRPv6 Inter-Router Communication 191
EIGRPv6 Configuration 191
EIGRPv6 Classic Mode Configuration 191
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Contents xvii
EIGRPv6 Named Mode Configuration 192
EIGRPv6 Verification 193
IPv6 Route Summarization 195
Default Route Advertising 196
Route Filtering 197
Troubleshooting EIGRPv6 Neighbor Issues 197
Interface Is Down 198
Mismatched Autonomous System Numbers 198
Mismatched K Values 198
Passive Interfaces 198
Mismatched Authentication 199
Timers 200
Interface Not Participating in Routing Process 200
ACLs 201
Troubleshooting EIGRPv6 Routes 201
Interface Not Participating in the Routing Process 201
Better Source of Information 201
Route Filtering 201
Stub Configuration 202
Split Horizon 203
Troubleshooting Named EIGRP 204
EIGRPv6 and Named EIGRP Trouble Tickets 209
Trouble Ticket 5-1 209
Trouble Ticket 5-2 213
Exam Preparation Tasks 218
Review All Key Topics 218
Define Key Terms 219
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 219
Chapter 6 OSPF 222
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 222
Foundation Topics 225
OSPF Fundamentals 225
Areas 226
Inter-Router Communication 228
Router ID 229
OSPF Hello Packets 229
EIGRPv6 Named Mode Configuration 192
EIGRPv6 Verification 193
IPv6 Route Summarization 195
Default Route Advertising 196
Route Filtering 197
Troubleshooting EIGRPv6 Neighbor Issues 197
Interface Is Down 198
Mismatched Autonomous System Numbers 198
Mismatched K Values 198
Passive Interfaces 198
Mismatched Authentication 199
Timers 200
Interface Not Participating in Routing Process 200
ACLs 201
Troubleshooting EIGRPv6 Routes 201
Interface Not Participating in the Routing Process 201
Better Source of Information 201
Route Filtering 201
Stub Configuration 202
Split Horizon 203
Troubleshooting Named EIGRP 204
EIGRPv6 and Named EIGRP Trouble Tickets 209
Trouble Ticket 5-1 209
Trouble Ticket 5-2 213
Exam Preparation Tasks 218
Review All Key Topics 218
Define Key Terms 219
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 219
Chapter 6 OSPF 222
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 222
Foundation Topics 225
OSPF Fundamentals 225
Areas 226
Inter-Router Communication 228
Router ID 229
OSPF Hello Packets 229
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xviii CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide
Neighbors 230
Requirements for Neighbor Adjacency 230
OSPF Configuration 232
OSPF Network Statement 232
Interface-Specific Configuration 233
Passive Interfaces 233
Sample Topology and Configuration 233
Confirmation of Interfaces 235
Verification of OSPF Neighbor Adjacencies 237
Viewing OSPF Installed Routes 238
External OSPF Routes 240
Default Route Advertisement 241
The Designated Router and Backup Designated Router 242
Designated Router Elections 244
DR and BDR Placement 245
OSPF Network Types 246
Broadcast 247
Nonbroadcast 247
Point-to-Point Networks 248
Point-to-Multipoint Networks 249
Loopback Networks 253
Failure Detection 254
Hello Timer 255
Dead Interval Timer 255
Verifying OSPF Timers 255
Authentication 255
References in This Chapter 257
Exam Preparation Tasks 258
Review All Key Topics 258
Define Key Terms 258
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 258
Chapter 7 Advanced OSPF 260
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 260
Foundation Topics 262
Link-State Advertisements 262
LSA Sequences 264
Neighbors 230
Requirements for Neighbor Adjacency 230
OSPF Configuration 232
OSPF Network Statement 232
Interface-Specific Configuration 233
Passive Interfaces 233
Sample Topology and Configuration 233
Confirmation of Interfaces 235
Verification of OSPF Neighbor Adjacencies 237
Viewing OSPF Installed Routes 238
External OSPF Routes 240
Default Route Advertisement 241
The Designated Router and Backup Designated Router 242
Designated Router Elections 244
DR and BDR Placement 245
OSPF Network Types 246
Broadcast 247
Nonbroadcast 247
Point-to-Point Networks 248
Point-to-Multipoint Networks 249
Loopback Networks 253
Failure Detection 254
Hello Timer 255
Dead Interval Timer 255
Verifying OSPF Timers 255
Authentication 255
References in This Chapter 257
Exam Preparation Tasks 258
Review All Key Topics 258
Define Key Terms 258
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 258
Chapter 7 Advanced OSPF 260
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 260
Foundation Topics 262
Link-State Advertisements 262
LSA Sequences 264
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LSA Age and Flooding 264
LSA Types 264
LSA Type 1: Router Link 264
LSA Type 2: Network Link 269
LSA Type 3: Summary Link 271
LSA Type 5: External Routes 277
LSA Type 4: ASBR Summary 279
LSA Type 7: NSSA External Summary 281
LSA Type Summary 283
OSPF Stubby Areas 284
Stub Areas 284
Totally Stubby Areas 287
Not-So-Stubby Areas 289
Totally NSSAs 292
OSPF Path Selection 294
Link Costs 295
Intra-area Routes 295
Inter-area Routes 296
External Route Selection 297
E1 and N1 External Routes 297
E2 and N2 External Routes 297
Equal-Cost Multipathing 298
Summarization of Routes 298
Summarization Fundamentals 299
Inter-area Summarization 301
Configuration of Inter-area Summarization 301
External Summarization 303
Discontiguous Network 305
Virtual Links 307
References in This Chapter 310
Exam Preparation Tasks 310
Review All Key Topics 310
Define Key Terms 311
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 311
Chapter 8 Troubleshooting OSPFv2 314
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 314
Foundation Topics 317
LSA Age and Flooding 264
LSA Types 264
LSA Type 1: Router Link 264
LSA Type 2: Network Link 269
LSA Type 3: Summary Link 271
LSA Type 5: External Routes 277
LSA Type 4: ASBR Summary 279
LSA Type 7: NSSA External Summary 281
LSA Type Summary 283
OSPF Stubby Areas 284
Stub Areas 284
Totally Stubby Areas 287
Not-So-Stubby Areas 289
Totally NSSAs 292
OSPF Path Selection 294
Link Costs 295
Intra-area Routes 295
Inter-area Routes 296
External Route Selection 297
E1 and N1 External Routes 297
E2 and N2 External Routes 297
Equal-Cost Multipathing 298
Summarization of Routes 298
Summarization Fundamentals 299
Inter-area Summarization 301
Configuration of Inter-area Summarization 301
External Summarization 303
Discontiguous Network 305
Virtual Links 307
References in This Chapter 310
Exam Preparation Tasks 310
Review All Key Topics 310
Define Key Terms 311
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 311
Chapter 8 Troubleshooting OSPFv2 314
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 314
Foundation Topics 317
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xx CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide
Troubleshooting OSPFv2 Neighbor Adjacencies 317
Interface Is Down 319
Interface Not Running the OSPF Process 319
Mismatched Timers 321
Mismatched Area Numbers 322
Mismatched Area Type 323
Different Subnets 324
Passive Interface 325
Mismatched Authentication Information 326
ACLs 327
MTU Mismatch 328
Duplicate Router IDs 330
Mismatched Network Types 330
Troubleshooting OSPFv2 Routes 332
Interface Not Running the OSPF Process 333
Better Source of Information 334
Route Filtering 337
Stub Area Configuration 339
Interface Is Shut Down 341
Wrong Designated Router Elected 341
Duplicate Router IDs 344
Troubleshooting Miscellaneous OSPFv2 Issues 346
Tracking OSPF Advertisements Through a Network 346
Route Summarization 348
Discontiguous Areas 350
Load Balancing 352
Default Route 353
OSPFv2 Trouble Tickets 353
Trouble Ticket 8-1 353
Trouble Ticket 8-2 361
Trouble Ticket 8-3 364
Exam Preparation Tasks 366
Review All Key Topics
Troubleshooting OSPFv2 Neighbor Adjacencies 317
Interface Is Down 319
Interface Not Running the OSPF Process 319
Mismatched Timers 321
Mismatched Area Numbers 322
Mismatched Area Type 323
Different Subnets 324
Passive Interface 325
Mismatched Authentication Information 326
ACLs 327
MTU Mismatch 328
Duplicate Router IDs 330
Mismatched Network Types 330
Troubleshooting OSPFv2 Routes 332
Interface Not Running the OSPF Process 333
Better Source of Information 334
Route Filtering 337
Stub Area Configuration 339
Interface Is Shut Down 341
Wrong Designated Router Elected 341
Duplicate Router IDs 344
Troubleshooting Miscellaneous OSPFv2 Issues 346
Tracking OSPF Advertisements Through a Network 346
Route Summarization 348
Discontiguous Areas 350
Load Balancing 352
Default Route 353
OSPFv2 Trouble Tickets 353
Trouble Ticket 8-1 353
Trouble Ticket 8-2 361
Trouble Ticket 8-3 364
Exam Preparation Tasks 366
Review All Key Topics
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Contents xxi
Chapter 9 OSPFv3 370
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 370
Foundation Topics 371
OSPFv3 Fundamentals 371
OSPFv3 Link-State Advertisement 372
OSPFv3 Communication 373
OSPFv3 Configuration 374
OSPFv3 Verification 377
The Passive Interface 378
IPv6 Route Summarization 379
Network Type 380
OSPFv3 Authentication 381
OSPFv3 Link-Local Forwarding 383
OSPFv3 LSA Flooding Scope 384
References in This Chapter 390
Exam Preparation Tasks 390
Review All Key Topics 390
Define Key Terms 391
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 391
Chapter 10 Troubleshooting OSPFv3 392
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 392
Foundation Topics 394
Troubleshooting OSPFv3 for IPv6 394
OSPFv3 Troubleshooting Commands 395
OSPFv3 Trouble Tickets 401
Trouble Ticket 10-1 401
Trouble Ticket 10-2 404
Troubleshooting OSPFv3 Address Families 408
OSPFv3 AF Trouble Ticket 418
Trouble Ticket 10-3 419
Exam Preparation Tasks 423
Review All Key Topics 423
Define Key Terms 424
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 424
Chapter 11 BGP 426
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 426
Foundation Topics
Chapter 9 OSPFv3 370
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 370
Foundation Topics 371
OSPFv3 Fundamentals 371
OSPFv3 Link-State Advertisement 372
OSPFv3 Communication 373
OSPFv3 Configuration 374
OSPFv3 Verification 377
The Passive Interface 378
IPv6 Route Summarization 379
Network Type 380
OSPFv3 Authentication 381
OSPFv3 Link-Local Forwarding 383
OSPFv3 LSA Flooding Scope 384
References in This Chapter 390
Exam Preparation Tasks 390
Review All Key Topics 390
Define Key Terms 391
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 391
Chapter 10 Troubleshooting OSPFv3 392
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 392
Foundation Topics 394
Troubleshooting OSPFv3 for IPv6 394
OSPFv3 Troubleshooting Commands 395
OSPFv3 Trouble Tickets 401
Trouble Ticket 10-1 401
Trouble Ticket 10-2 404
Troubleshooting OSPFv3 Address Families 408
OSPFv3 AF Trouble Ticket 418
Trouble Ticket 10-3 419
Exam Preparation Tasks 423
Review All Key Topics 423
Define Key Terms 424
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 424
Chapter 11 BGP 426
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 426
Foundation Topics
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xxii CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide
BGP Fundamentals 428
Autonomous System Numbers (ASNs) 428
BGP Sessions 429
Path Attributes 429
Loop Prevention 430
Address Families 430
Inter-Router Communication 430
BGP Messages 431
BGP Neighbor States 432
Basic BGP Configuration 435
Verification of BGP Sessions 437
Route Advertisement 440
Receiving and Viewing Routes 443
Understanding BGP Session Types and Behaviors 448
iBGP 448
iBGP Full Mesh Requirement 450
Peering Using Loopback Addresses 451
eBGP 453
eBGP and iBGP Topologies 454
Next-Hop Manipulation 456
iBGP Scalability Enhancements 457
Route Reflectors 457
Confederations 462
Multiprotocol BGP for IPv6 465
IPv6 Configuration 466
IPv6 over IPv4 471
BGP Fundamentals 428
Autonomous System Numbers (ASNs) 428
BGP Sessions 429
Path Attributes 429
Loop Prevention 430
Address Families 430
Inter-Router Communication 430
BGP Messages 431
BGP Neighbor States 432
Basic BGP Configuration 435
Verification of BGP Sessions 437
Route Advertisement 440
Receiving and Viewing Routes 443
Understanding BGP Session Types and Behaviors 448
iBGP 448
iBGP Full Mesh Requirement 450
Peering Using Loopback Addresses 451
eBGP 453
eBGP and iBGP Topologies 454
Next-Hop Manipulation 456
iBGP Scalability Enhancements 457
Route Reflectors 457
Confederations 462
Multiprotocol BGP for IPv6 465
IPv6 Configuration 466
IPv6 over IPv4 471
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Route Aggregation with AS_SET 489
IPv6 Summarization 492
BGP Route Filtering and Manipulation 493
Distribute List Filtering 495
Prefix List Filtering 496
AS_Path Filtering 497
Regular Expressions (Regex) 497
AS_Path ACLs 503
Route Maps 505
Clearing BGP Connections 507
BGP Communities 507
Enabling BGP Community Support 508
Well-Known Communities 508
The No_Advertise BGP Community 509
The No_Export BGP Community 510
The Local AS (No_Export_SubConfed) BGP Community 511
Conditionally Matching BGP Communities 512
Setting Private BGP Communities 514
Maximum Prefix 516
Configuration Scalability 517
IOS XE Peer Groups 517
IOS XE Peer Templates 518
References in This Chapter 519
Exam Preparation Tasks 520
Review All Key Topics 520
Define Key Terms 520
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 521
Chapter 13 BGP Path Selection 524
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 524
Foundation Topics
Route Aggregation with AS_SET 489
IPv6 Summarization 492
BGP Route Filtering and Manipulation 493
Distribute List Filtering 495
Prefix List Filtering 496
AS_Path Filtering 497
Regular Expressions (Regex) 497
AS_Path ACLs 503
Route Maps 505
Clearing BGP Connections 507
BGP Communities 507
Enabling BGP Community Support 508
Well-Known Communities 508
The No_Advertise BGP Community 509
The No_Export BGP Community 510
The Local AS (No_Export_SubConfed) BGP Community 511
Conditionally Matching BGP Communities 512
Setting Private BGP Communities 514
Maximum Prefix 516
Configuration Scalability 517
IOS XE Peer Groups 517
IOS XE Peer Templates 518
References in This Chapter 519
Exam Preparation Tasks 520
Review All Key Topics 520
Define Key Terms 520
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 521
Chapter 13 BGP Path Selection 524
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 524
Foundation Topics
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xxiv CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide
Locally Originated in the Network or Aggregate Advertisement 538
Accumulated Interior Gateway Protocol (AIGP) 539
Shortest AS_Path 540
Origin Type 542
Multi-Exit Discriminator 545
Missing MED Behavior 548
Always Compare MED 549
BGP Deterministic MED 549
eBGP over iBGP 550
Lowest IGP Metric 551
Prefer the Oldest EBGP Session 551
Router ID 551
Minimum Cluster List Length 552
Lowest Neighbor Address 552
BGP Multipath 553
Exam Preparation Tasks 554
Review All Key Topics 554
Define Key Terms 554
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 554
Chapter 14 Troubleshooting BGP 556
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 557
Foundation Topics 559
Troubleshooting BGP Neighbor Adjacencies 559
Interface Is Down 561
Layer 3 Connectivity Is Broken 561
Path to the Neighbor Is Through the Default Route 562
Neighbor Does Not Have a Route to the Local Router 563
Incorrect neighbor Statement 564
BGP Packets Sourced from the Wrong IP Address
Locally Originated in the Network or Aggregate Advertisement 538
Accumulated Interior Gateway Protocol (AIGP) 539
Shortest AS_Path 540
Origin Type 542
Multi-Exit Discriminator 545
Missing MED Behavior 548
Always Compare MED 549
BGP Deterministic MED 549
eBGP over iBGP 550
Lowest IGP Metric 551
Prefer the Oldest EBGP Session 551
Router ID 551
Minimum Cluster List Length 552
Lowest Neighbor Address 552
BGP Multipath 553
Exam Preparation Tasks 554
Review All Key Topics 554
Define Key Terms 554
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 554
Chapter 14 Troubleshooting BGP 556
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 557
Foundation Topics 559
Troubleshooting BGP Neighbor Adjacencies 559
Interface Is Down 561
Layer 3 Connectivity Is Broken 561
Path to the Neighbor Is Through the Default Route 562
Neighbor Does Not Have a Route to the Local Router 563
Incorrect neighbor Statement 564
BGP Packets Sourced from the Wrong IP Address
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Contents xxv
Missing or Bad network mask Command 575
Next-Hop Router Not Reachable 577
BGP Split-Horizon Rule 579
Better Source of Information 580
Route Filtering 582
Troubleshooting BGP Path Selection 588
Understanding the Best-Path Decision-Making Process 588
Private Autonomous System Numbers 591
Using debug Commands 592
Troubleshooting BGP for IPv6 593
BGP Trouble Tickets 598
Trouble Ticket 14-1 598
Trouble Ticket 14-2 604
Trouble Ticket 14-3 610
MP-BGP Trouble Ticket 614
Trouble Ticket 14-4 615
Exam Preparation Tasks 617
Review All Key Topics 617
Define Key Terms 618
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 618
Chapter 15 Route Maps and Conditional Forwarding 620
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 620
Foundation Topics 622
Conditional Matching 622
Access Control Lists (ACLs) 622
Standard ACLs 622
Extended ACLs 623
Prefix Matching 624
Prefix Lists 626
IPv6 Prefix Lists 627
Route Maps 627
Conditional Matching 629
Complex Matching 630
Optional Actions 631
Continue
Missing or Bad network mask Command 575
Next-Hop Router Not Reachable 577
BGP Split-Horizon Rule 579
Better Source of Information 580
Route Filtering 582
Troubleshooting BGP Path Selection 588
Understanding the Best-Path Decision-Making Process 588
Private Autonomous System Numbers 591
Using debug Commands 592
Troubleshooting BGP for IPv6 593
BGP Trouble Tickets 598
Trouble Ticket 14-1 598
Trouble Ticket 14-2 604
Trouble Ticket 14-3 610
MP-BGP Trouble Ticket 614
Trouble Ticket 14-4 615
Exam Preparation Tasks 617
Review All Key Topics 617
Define Key Terms 618
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 618
Chapter 15 Route Maps and Conditional Forwarding 620
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 620
Foundation Topics 622
Conditional Matching 622
Access Control Lists (ACLs) 622
Standard ACLs 622
Extended ACLs 623
Prefix Matching 624
Prefix Lists 626
IPv6 Prefix Lists 627
Route Maps 627
Conditional Matching 629
Complex Matching 630
Optional Actions 631
Continue
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xxvi CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide
PBR Configuration 633
Local PBR 635
Trouble Tickets 637
Trouble Ticket 15-1 638
Trouble Ticket 15-2 641
Trouble Ticket 15-3 643
Exam Preparation Tasks 645
Review All Key Topics 646
Define Key Terms 646
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 646
Chapter 16 Route Redistribution 648
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 648
Foundation Topics 650
Redistribution Overview 650
Redistribution Is Not Transitive 651
Sequential Protocol Redistribution 653
Routes Must Exist in the RIB 653
Seed Metrics 655
Protocol-Specific Configuration 656
Source-Specific Behaviors 657
Connected Networks 657
BGP 657
Destination-Specific Behaviors 658
EIGRP 658
EIGRP-to-EIGRP Redistribution 661
OSPF 663
OSPF-to-OSPF Redistribution 666
OSPF Forwarding Address 667
BGP 670
Reference in This Chapter 672
Exam Preparation Tasks 672
Review All Key Topics
PBR Configuration 633
Local PBR 635
Trouble Tickets 637
Trouble Ticket 15-1 638
Trouble Ticket 15-2 641
Trouble Ticket 15-3 643
Exam Preparation Tasks 645
Review All Key Topics 646
Define Key Terms 646
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 646
Chapter 16 Route Redistribution 648
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 648
Foundation Topics 650
Redistribution Overview 650
Redistribution Is Not Transitive 651
Sequential Protocol Redistribution 653
Routes Must Exist in the RIB 653
Seed Metrics 655
Protocol-Specific Configuration 656
Source-Specific Behaviors 657
Connected Networks 657
BGP 657
Destination-Specific Behaviors 658
EIGRP 658
EIGRP-to-EIGRP Redistribution 661
OSPF 663
OSPF-to-OSPF Redistribution 666
OSPF Forwarding Address 667
BGP 670
Reference in This Chapter 672
Exam Preparation Tasks 672
Review All Key Topics
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Contents xxvii
Chapter 17 Troubleshooting Redistribution 674
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 674
Foundation Topics 677
Troubleshooting Advanced Redistribution Issues 677
Troubleshooting Suboptimal Routing Caused by Redistribution 678
Troubleshooting Routing Loops Caused by Redistribution 679
Troubleshooting IPv4 and IPv6 Redistribution 687
Route Redistribution Review 687
Troubleshooting Redistribution into EIGRP 689
Troubleshooting Redistribution into OSPF 694
Troubleshooting Redistribution into BGP 699
Troubleshooting Redistribution with Route Maps 702
Redistribution Trouble Tickets 702
Trouble Ticket 17-1 703
Trouble Ticket 17-2 708
Trouble Ticket 17-3 711
Trouble Ticket 17-4 717
Exam Preparation Tasks 721
Review All Key Topics 722
Define Key Terms 722
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 723
Chapter 18 VRF, MPLS, and MPLS Layer 3 VPNs 724
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 724
Foundation Topics 727
Implementing and Verifying VRF-Lite 727
VRF-Lite Overview 728
Creating and Verifying VRF Instances 728
An Introduction to MPLS Operations 747
MPLS LIB and LFIB 748
Label Switching Routers 748
Forwarding Equivalence Class (FEC) 749
Label-Switched Path 749
Labels 750
Label Distribution Protocol 751
Label Switching 752
Chapter 17 Troubleshooting Redistribution 674
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 674
Foundation Topics 677
Troubleshooting Advanced Redistribution Issues 677
Troubleshooting Suboptimal Routing Caused by Redistribution 678
Troubleshooting Routing Loops Caused by Redistribution 679
Troubleshooting IPv4 and IPv6 Redistribution 687
Route Redistribution Review 687
Troubleshooting Redistribution into EIGRP 689
Troubleshooting Redistribution into OSPF 694
Troubleshooting Redistribution into BGP 699
Troubleshooting Redistribution with Route Maps 702
Redistribution Trouble Tickets 702
Trouble Ticket 17-1 703
Trouble Ticket 17-2 708
Trouble Ticket 17-3 711
Trouble Ticket 17-4 717
Exam Preparation Tasks 721
Review All Key Topics 722
Define Key Terms 722
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 723
Chapter 18 VRF, MPLS, and MPLS Layer 3 VPNs 724
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 724
Foundation Topics 727
Implementing and Verifying VRF-Lite 727
VRF-Lite Overview 728
Creating and Verifying VRF Instances 728
An Introduction to MPLS Operations 747
MPLS LIB and LFIB 748
Label Switching Routers 748
Forwarding Equivalence Class (FEC) 749
Label-Switched Path 749
Labels 750
Label Distribution Protocol 751
Label Switching 752
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xxviii CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide
Penultimate-Hop Popping 753
MPLS LDP Features 754
MPLS Traffic Engineering 755
An Introduction to MPLS Layer 3 VPNs 755
MPLS Layer 3 VPNs 756
MPLS Layer 3 VPNv4 Addresses, RDs, and RTs 757
MPLS Layer 3 VPN Label Stack 759
Reference in This Chapter 762
Exam Preparation Tasks 762
Review All Key Topics 762
Define Key Terms 763
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 763
Chapter 19 DMVPN Tunnels 766
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 766
Foundation Topics 769
Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) Tunnels 769
GRE Tunnel Configuration 769
GRE Sample Configuration 771
Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP) 774
Dynamic Multipoint VPN (DMVPN) 776
Phase 1: Spoke-to-Hub 777
Phase 2: Spoke-to-Spoke 777
Phase 3: Hierarchical Tree Spoke-to-Spoke 777
DMVPN Phase Comparison 777
DMVPN Configuration 779
DMVPN Hub Configuration 780
DMVPN Spoke Configuration for DMVPN Phase 1 (Point-to-Point) 782
Viewing DMVPN Tunnel Status 784
Viewing the NHRP Cache 787
DMVPN Configuration for Phase 3 DMVPN (Multipoint) 792
IP NHRP Authentication 794
Unique IP NHRP Registration 794
Spoke-to-Spoke Communication
Penultimate-Hop Popping 753
MPLS LDP Features 754
MPLS Traffic Engineering 755
An Introduction to MPLS Layer 3 VPNs 755
MPLS Layer 3 VPNs 756
MPLS Layer 3 VPNv4 Addresses, RDs, and RTs 757
MPLS Layer 3 VPN Label Stack 759
Reference in This Chapter 762
Exam Preparation Tasks 762
Review All Key Topics 762
Define Key Terms 763
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 763
Chapter 19 DMVPN Tunnels 766
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 766
Foundation Topics 769
Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) Tunnels 769
GRE Tunnel Configuration 769
GRE Sample Configuration 771
Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP) 774
Dynamic Multipoint VPN (DMVPN) 776
Phase 1: Spoke-to-Hub 777
Phase 2: Spoke-to-Spoke 777
Phase 3: Hierarchical Tree Spoke-to-Spoke 777
DMVPN Phase Comparison 777
DMVPN Configuration 779
DMVPN Hub Configuration 780
DMVPN Spoke Configuration for DMVPN Phase 1 (Point-to-Point) 782
Viewing DMVPN Tunnel Status 784
Viewing the NHRP Cache 787
DMVPN Configuration for Phase 3 DMVPN (Multipoint) 792
IP NHRP Authentication 794
Unique IP NHRP Registration 794
Spoke-to-Spoke Communication
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Contents xxix
Problems with Overlay Networks 806
Recursive Routing Problems 806
Outbound Interface Selection 808
Front Door Virtual Routing and Forwarding (FVRF) 808
Configuring Front Door VRF (FVRF) 809
FVRF Static Routes 810
DMVPN Failure Detection and High Availability 810
DMVPN Hub Redundancy 811
IPv6 DMVPN Configuration 811
IPv6-over-IPv6 Sample Configuration 813
IPv6 DMVPN Verification 816
References in This Chapter 817
Exam Preparation Tasks 817
Review All Key Topics 817
Define Key Terms 818
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 818
Chapter 20 Securing DMVPN Tunnels 820
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 820
Foundation Topics 821
Elements of Secure Transport 821
IPsec Fundamentals 823
Security Protocols 824
Authentication Header 824
Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) 824
Key Management 825
Security Associations 825
ESP Modes 825
DMVPN Without IPsec 826
DMVPN with IPsec
Problems with Overlay Networks 806
Recursive Routing Problems 806
Outbound Interface Selection 808
Front Door Virtual Routing and Forwarding (FVRF) 808
Configuring Front Door VRF (FVRF) 809
FVRF Static Routes 810
DMVPN Failure Detection and High Availability 810
DMVPN Hub Redundancy 811
IPv6 DMVPN Configuration 811
IPv6-over-IPv6 Sample Configuration 813
IPv6 DMVPN Verification 816
References in This Chapter 817
Exam Preparation Tasks 817
Review All Key Topics 817
Define Key Terms 818
Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory 818
Chapter 20 Securing DMVPN Tunnels 820
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 820
Foundation Topics 821
Elements of Secure Transport 821
IPsec Fundamentals 823
Security Protocols 824
Authentication Header 824
Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) 824
Key Management 825
Security Associations 825
ESP Modes 825
DMVPN Without IPsec 826
DMVPN with IPsec
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