Class Notes for Pharmacology Connections to Nursing Practice, 2nd Edition
Class Notes for Pharmacology Connections to Nursing Practice, 2nd Edition simplifies complex topics with easy-to-understand notes.
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Adams/Urban,Instructor’s Resource ManualforPharmacology: Connections to Nursing Practice, 2nd EditionCHAPTER1INTRODUCTIONTOPHARMACOLOGY:CONCEPTSANDCONNECTIONSLEARNINGOUTCOME1Identifykeyeventsinthehistoryofpharmacology.ConceptsforLecture1.Over3.6billionprescriptionsaredispensedeachyearintheUnitedStates,withthenumberrapidlyincreasing.2.Pharmacologyhasevolvedoverthecenturiesandisakeyaspectofnursingcare.3.Pharmacologystartedwithearlymanusingplantsandherbstorelievediseasesymptoms.4.One of the oldest forms of health care, herbal medicine has been practiced in virtually every culturedating to antiquity.5.Manyearlyremedieswereaccidentaldiscoveries.6.Firstprescriptionswrittenintheyear3,000BCbytheBabylonians.TheChinesehavethefirstrecordedvolumeofplantremediesintheyear2,700BC.7.PharmacologywasprobablyreviewedasmagicandsuperstitionduringtheDarkAges.ThereisverylittlerecordeddatafromtheDarkAges.8.Firstbegantobepracticedasascienceinthe17thcenturyandthefirsttextwiththewordpharmacologywaspublishedin1693.9.Inthe19thcentury,chemistswereabletomakeremarkableprogressinseparatingspecificsubstancesandthefirstactiveagentssuchasmorphine,colchicines,curare,cocaine,andotherearlydrugswerediscoveredfromtheirnaturalplantproducts.10.Earlypharmacologistsstudiedtheeffectsonbothanimalsaswellasthemselves.11.FirstrecognizedasadisciplineinEstoniain1847.IntheUnitedStates,thefirstpharmacologydepartmentwasattheUniversityofMichiganin1890.12.The20thcenturysawgreatprogressanddevelopmentofnewdrugs.Wearenowabletosynthesizedrugsfrom“scratch”inthelaboratory.13.Thecurrentpracticeofpharmacologyiscomplex,buttheapplicationhasnotchanged.Thegoalofpharmacologyistorelievehumansuffering.LEARNINGOUTCOME2Compareandcontrastthetermsdrug,pharmacology,andpharmacotherapy.ConceptsforLecture1.Thedefinitionofadrugisdifficultbutimportanttothenurse.
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