Corrections in the 21st Century 7th Edition Test Bank

Name: Corrections in the 21st Century 7th Edition Test Bank
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Author: Andrew Taylor

Corrections in the 21st Century 7th Edition Test Bank offers practice exams, quiz answers, and insights to help you succeed.

Andrew Taylor

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1
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. Which of the following statements is true of crime rates and prison population in the United
States?
A. Serious crime continues to increase while the prison population continues to decrease.
B. Serious crime continues to decrease while the prison population continues to increase.
C. Serious crime continues to increase causing the prison population to increase.
D. Serious crime continues to decrease causing the prison population to decrease.
2. A serious criminal offense; specifically, one punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison
facility for more than a year is called a(n) _____.
A. infraction
B. misdemeanor
C. felony
D. perjury
3. Which among the following is an example of a felony?
A. Burglary
B. Simple assault
C. Jaywalking
D. Littering
4. A relatively minor violation of the criminal law, such as petty theft or simple assault, punishable by
confinement for one year or less is called a(n) _____.
A. infraction
B. misdemeanor
C. felony
D. perjury

5. Which among the following is an example of a misdemeanor?
A. Robbery
B. Simple assault
C. Arson
D. Jaywalking
6. A minor violation of state statute or local ordinance punishable by a fine or other penalty, but not
incarceration, or by a specified, usually very short term of incarceration is called a(n) _____.
A. infraction
B. misdemeanor
C. felony
D. perjury
7. Which among the following is an example of an infraction?
A. Murder
B. Breaking and entering
C. Littering
D. Auto theft
8. Who among the following is a correctional client?
A. A recreation coordinator
B. A unit leader
C. A field administrator
D. A probationer
9. Which of the following is a component of the criminal justice system?
A. A court
B. Sole proprietorship
C. Arbitration
D. A cooperative

10. The prosecutor dropping charges after filing them is called a _____.
A. nollo judicus
B. nolo contendere
C. nolle prosequi
D. noelle persecutus
11. The main function of the preliminary hearing is to:
A. ensure the incarceration and rehabilitation of adults and juveniles convicted of offenses against
the law.
B. determine whether there is cause to believe that the accused committed a crime within the
jurisdiction of the court.
C. ensure the maintenance and upkeep of the correctional facilities that are used for
incarceration.
D. determine whether there are adequate facilities in the correctional facilities for the convicted
offenders.
12. The process by which a court arrives at a final decision in a case is called _____.
A. arbitration
B. arraignment
C. certification
D. adjudication
13. If the defendant accepts a penalty without admitting guilt it is called _____.
A. nollo judicus
B. nolo contendere
C. nolle prosequi
D. noelle persecutus
14. Cultural restrictions on behavior that forbid serious violations—such as murder, rape and
robbery—of a group's values are called _____.
A. folkways
B. mores
C. anomies
D. feeling rules

15. _____ are time-honored ways of doing things. Although they carry the force of tradition, their
violation is unlikely to threaten the survival of the social group.
A. Folkways
B. Mores
C. Anomies
D. Feeling rules
16. The first training standards established by the American Correctional Association on Accreditation
set specific numbers of _____ hours for preservice.
A. 70
B. 150
C. 100
D. 120
17. The major Code of Ethics governing the field of corrections was created by the _____.
A. Federal Bureau of Investigation
B. American Correctional Association
C. National Criminal Justice Association
D. Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences
18. In _____, the Professional Education Council of the American Correctional Association developed
a model entry test for correctional officers.
A. 1970
B. 1980
C. 1990
D. 2000
19. A credentialing process, usually involving testing and career development assessment, through
which the skills, knowledge, and abilities of correctional personnel can be formally recognized is
called _____.
A. legislation
B. accreditation
C. adjudication
D. certification

20. It wasn't until the _____ that women began to enter the corrections professions in significant
numbers.
A. 2000s
B. 1990s
C. 1980s
D. 1970s
21. The prison population in the United States is higher today than at any time in history.
True False
22. Murder, rape, aggravated assault, robbery, burglary, and arson are felonies in all jurisdictions
within the United States.
True False
23. A few states make conviction of a felony and the resulting incarceration grounds for uncontested
divorce.
True False
24. Some crimes classified as felonies in one part of the country may be misdemeanors in another.
True False
25. Major violations of the law that often involve long term incarceration are called infractions.
True False
26. The process of achieving justice through the application of the criminal law and through the
workings of the criminal justice system is called criminal justice.
True False
27. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, noninstitutional corrections, which is sometimes
called community corrections, includes pardon, probation, and parole activities, correctional
administration not directly connectable to institutions, and miscellaneous [activities] not directly
related to institutional care.
True False
28. The word "evidence" refers to criminal evidence, and not scientific evidence.
True False

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29. A person's race is recognized as an objective biological fact, and not a social construct.
True False
30. It wasn't until the 1970s that women began to enter the corrections professions in significant
numbers.
True False
31. In the United States, there are more female police officers than female correctional officers.
True False
32. The use of _____ in corrections and public policy is now considered the gold standard for policy
and program development.
________________________________________
33. _____ is defined as criminal laws and criminal justice institutions, policies, and practices that
achieve justice in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to have the
benefits of a just society.
________________________________________
34. A serious criminal offense; specifically, one punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison
facility for more than a year is called a _____.
________________________________________
35. A relatively minor violation of the criminal law, such as petty theft or simple assault, punishable by
confinement for one year or less is called a _____.
________________________________________
36. The prosecutor can drop charges after filing them. Such a choice is called _____.
________________________________________
37. _____ is the process by which a court arrives at a decision in a case.
________________________________________
38. If the defendant accepts a penalty without admitting guilt it is called _____.
________________________________________
39. After losing all their available direct appeals, state prisoners may also seek to have their
convictions reviewed collaterally in the federal courts via a _____.
________________________________________

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1 Key
1. Which of the following statements is true of crime rates and prison population in the United
States?
A. Serious crime continues to increase while the prison population continues to decrease.
B. Serious crime continues to decrease while the prison population continues to increase.
C. Serious crime continues to increase causing the prison population to increase.
D. Serious crime continues to decrease causing the prison population to decrease.
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #1
2. A serious criminal offense; specifically, one punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison
facility for more than a year is called a(n) _____.
A. infraction
B. misdemeanor
C. felony
D. perjury
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #2
3. Which among the following is an example of a felony?
A. Burglary
B. Simple assault
C. Jaywalking
D. Littering
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #3
4. A relatively minor violation of the criminal law, such as petty theft or simple assault, punishable
by confinement for one year or less is called a(n) _____.
A. infraction
B. misdemeanor
C. felony
D. perjury
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #4

Loading page 9...

5. Which among the following is an example of a misdemeanor?
A. Robbery
B. Simple assault
C. Arson
D. Jaywalking
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #5
6. A minor violation of state statute or local ordinance punishable by a fine or other penalty, but
not incarceration, or by a specified, usually very short term of incarceration is called a(n)
_____.
A. infraction
B. misdemeanor
C. felony
D. perjury
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #6
7. Which among the following is an example of an infraction?
A. Murder
B. Breaking and entering
C. Littering
D. Auto theft
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #7
8. Who among the following is a correctional client?
A. A recreation coordinator
B. A unit leader
C. A field administrator
D. A probationer
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #8

Loading page 10...

9. Which of the following is a component of the criminal justice system?
A. A court
B. Sole proprietorship
C. Arbitration
D. A cooperative
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #9
10. The prosecutor dropping charges after filing them is called a _____.
A. nollo judicus
B. nolo contendere
C. nolle prosequi
D. noelle persecutus
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #10
11. The main function of the preliminary hearing is to:
A. ensure the incarceration and rehabilitation of adults and juveniles convicted of offenses
against the law.
B. determine whether there is cause to believe that the accused committed a crime within the
jurisdiction of the court.
C. ensure the maintenance and upkeep of the correctional facilities that are used for
incarceration.
D. determine whether there are adequate facilities in the correctional facilities for the convicted
offenders.
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #11
12. The process by which a court arrives at a final decision in a case is called _____.
A. arbitration
B. arraignment
C. certification
D. adjudication
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #12

Loading page 11...

13. If the defendant accepts a penalty without admitting guilt it is called _____.
A. nollo judicus
B. nolo contendere
C. nolle prosequi
D. noelle persecutus
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #13
14. Cultural restrictions on behavior that forbid serious violations—such as murder, rape and
robbery—of a group's values are called _____.
A. folkways
B. mores
C. anomies
D. feeling rules
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #14
15. _____ are time-honored ways of doing things. Although they carry the force of tradition, their
violation is unlikely to threaten the survival of the social group.
A. Folkways
B. Mores
C. Anomies
D. Feeling rules
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #15
16. The first training standards established by the American Correctional Association on
Accreditation set specific numbers of _____ hours for preservice.
A. 70
B. 150
C. 100
D. 120
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #16

Loading page 12...

17. The major Code of Ethics governing the field of corrections was created by the _____.
A. Federal Bureau of Investigation
B. American Correctional Association
C. National Criminal Justice Association
D. Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #17
18. In _____, the Professional Education Council of the American Correctional Association
developed a model entry test for correctional officers.
A. 1970
B. 1980
C. 1990
D. 2000
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #18
19. A credentialing process, usually involving testing and career development assessment,
through which the skills, knowledge, and abilities of correctional personnel can be formally
recognized is called _____.
A. legislation
B. accreditation
C. adjudication
D. certification
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #19
20. It wasn't until the _____ that women began to enter the corrections professions in significant
numbers.
A. 2000s
B. 1990s
C. 1980s
D. 1970s
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #20
21. The prison population in the United States is higher today than at any time in history.
TRUE
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #21

Loading page 13...

22. Murder, rape, aggravated assault, robbery, burglary, and arson are felonies in all jurisdictions
within the United States.
TRUE
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #22
23. A few states make conviction of a felony and the resulting incarceration grounds for
uncontested divorce.
TRUE
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #23
24. Some crimes classified as felonies in one part of the country may be misdemeanors in
another.
TRUE
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #24
25. Major violations of the law that often involve long term incarceration are called infractions.
FALSE
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #25
26. The process of achieving justice through the application of the criminal law and through the
workings of the criminal justice system is called criminal justice.
TRUE
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #26
27. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, noninstitutional corrections, which is sometimes
called community corrections, includes pardon, probation, and parole activities, correctional
administration not directly connectable to institutions, and miscellaneous [activities] not directly
related to institutional care.
TRUE
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #27
28. The word "evidence" refers to criminal evidence, and not scientific evidence.
FALSE
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #28
29. A person's race is recognized as an objective biological fact, and not a social construct.
FALSE
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #29

Loading page 14...

30. It wasn't until the 1970s that women began to enter the corrections professions in significant
numbers.
TRUE
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #30
31. In the United States, there are more female police officers than female correctional officers.
FALSE
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #31
32. The use of _____ in corrections and public policy is now considered the gold standard for
policy and program development.
evidence-based practices
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #32
33. _____ is defined as criminal laws and criminal justice institutions, policies, and practices that
achieve justice in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to have
the benefits of a just society.
Sustainable justice
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #33
34. A serious criminal offense; specifically, one punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison
facility for more than a year is called a _____.
felony
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #34
35. A relatively minor violation of the criminal law, such as petty theft or simple assault, punishable
by confinement for one year or less is called a _____.
misdemeanor
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #35
36. The prosecutor can drop charges after filing them. Such a choice is called _____.
nolle prosequi
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #36
37. _____ is the process by which a court arrives at a decision in a case.
Adjudication
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #37

Loading page 15...

38. If the defendant accepts a penalty without admitting guilt it is called _____.
nolo contendere
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #38
39. After losing all their available direct appeals, state prisoners may also seek to have their
convictions reviewed collaterally in the federal courts via a _____.
writ of habeas corpus
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #39
40. Race, ethnicity, and gender are all aspects of _____.
social diversity
Schmalleger - Chapter 01 #40

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