Development Through the Lifespan, 7th Edition Class Notes

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1CHAPTER 1HISTORY, THEORY, AND RESEARCH STRATEGIESCHAPTER-AT-A-GLANCEChapter OutlineInstruction IdeasSupplementsA Scientific, Applied, and InterdisciplinaryField p. 5Learning Objective 1.1Test Bank Items 1–3(Please contact your Pearson salesrepresentative for a wide range of videoofferings available to adopters.)Basic Issues pp. 5–7Continuous or Discontinuous Development? •One Course of Development or Many? •Relative Influence of Nature and Nurture?Learning Objective 1.2Learning Activity 1.1Test Bank Items 4–12,126The Lifespan Perspective: A BalancedPoint of View pp. 7–12Development Is Lifelong • Development IsMultidimensional and Multidirectional•Development Is Plastic • Development IsInfluenced by Multiple, Interacting ForcesLearning Objective 1.3Lecture Enhancement 1.1Learning Activities 1.2, 1.3Ask Yourself p. 12Test Bank Items 13–23Scientific Beginnings pp. 12–14Darwin: Forefather of Scientific Child Study •The Normative Period • The Mental TestingMovementLearning Objective 1.4Learning Activity 1.2Test Bank Items 24–29, 127Mid-Twentieth-Century Theories pp. 14–19The Psychoanalytic Perspective • Behaviorismand Social Learning Theory • Piaget’sCognitive-Developmental TheoryLearning Objective 1.5Learning Activities 1.2, 1.4Ask Yourself p. 19Test Bank Items 30–51, 128Recent Theoretical Perspectives pp. 19–26Information Processing • DevelopmentalNeuroscience • Ethology and EvolutionaryDevelopmental Psychology • Vygotsky’sSociocultural Theory • Ecological SystemsTheoryLearning Objective 1.6Learning Activities 1.2, 1.4, 1.5Ask Yourself p. 26Test Bank Items 52–72, 129Comparing and Evaluating Theories p. 26Learning Objective 1.7Learning Activities 1.2, 1.4Test Bank Items 73,75Studying Development pp. 26–37Common Research Methods • GeneralResearch Designs • Designs for StudyingDevelopmentLearning Objectives 1.8–1.10Lecture Enhancement 1.2Learning Activities 1.6, 1.7Ask Yourself pp. 31, 37Test Bank Items 74, 76–121, 130–131Ethics in Lifespan Research pp. 37–39Learning Objective 1.11Ask Yourself p. 39Test Bank Items 122–125BRIEF CHAPTER SUMMARYDevelopmental science is an interdisciplinary field of study devoted to understanding constancy and change throughout thelifespan.All investigators who study developmentshare a single goal:to identify those factors that influence consistencies andtransformations in people from conception to death.Theories of human development take a stance on three basic issues: (1) Is the course of development continuous ordiscontinuous? (2) Does one course of development characterize all people, or are there many possible courses? (3) What arethe roles of nature and nurture in development? The lifespan perspective assumes that development is (1) lifelong,(2) multidimensional and multidirectional, (3) highly plastic, and (4) affected by multiple, interacting forces.

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