HESI Anatomy and Physiology A2 Comprehensive Real Exam With Answers (231 Solved Questions)

Name: HESI Anatomy and Physiology A2 Comprehensive Real Exam With Answers (231 Solved Questions)
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ATI COMPREHENSIVE HESI A2 FOR ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY | REAL EXAMS
1. Anatomic position
The body is erect, the feet are slightly apart, the head is held high, and the
palms of the hands are facing forward
2. Which of the following is a structure found in the upper
respiratory? Pharynx
3. A person who has damage to their ulnar nerve will have decreases
sensation in Arm
4. Which bone dose not articulate with any other
bone? Hyoid
5. Which of the following statements best describe endocrine
glands? They secrete chemicals into the blood
6. Diet is important because bone are storage
places for Calcium and phosphorous
7. Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system and the urinary
system? Urethra
8. Red blood cell production is known as which of the following?
A. Hematopoie
sis B.

Erythropoiesis
C. Phagocytosis
D. Thrombopoiesis
9. When an individual is under stress, hormones are released. Which of the
following is not one of the locations in which hormones are released when
under stress?
A. Parathyroid
B. Adrenal cortex
C. Posterior pituitary
D. Hypothalamus
10. The central nervous system is made up of all except which of the following?
A. Brai
n B.
Heart
C. Retina
D. Spinal cord
11. The thyrotrophic-releasing growth hormone-releasing, and gonadotropin-
releasing hormones are released by which of the following endocrine
system glands?
A. Thymus
B. Pituitary gland

C. Pineal gland
D.
Hypothalamus
12. What is the most visible part of the
ear? A. Pinna
B. Organ of Corti
C. Cochlea
D. Ear canal
13. Which of the following is an organ of the respiratory system?
A. Brain
B. Larynx
C. Urethra
D. Pancreas
14. The motor cortex helps the brain by monitoring and controlling the body's
movement. Where is the motor cortex located within the brain?
A. Top, middle portion of the parietal lobe.
B. Back of the head
C. Front portion of the parietal lobe.
D. Around the auditory cortex
15. The heart contains four chambers. Which of these four chambers is the
largest and the strongest?

A. Left ventricle
B. Left atrium
C. Right ventricle
D. Right atrium
16. Which of the following organs is involved with the immune system?
A. Heart
B. Bronchi
C.
Appendix
D. Esophagus
17. Which of the following is not a principal organ of the nervous system?
A. Brian
B.
Thymus
C. Ganglia
D. Spinal cord
18. Where do the endocrine system and the nervous system meet?
A. At the pituitary gland and the pineal
gland B. At the hypothalamus and
pituitary gland
C. At the pineal gland

D. At the thyroid gland
19. The pancreas is an endocrine system gland mainly responsible for
which of the following?
A. Proper bone development
B. Metabolism control
C. Maintaining healthy sugar levels
D. Distribution of stored fat.
20. The stomach lining membrane name?
The mucous membrane of the stomach contains simple columnar epithelium tissue
with many exocrine cells.
21. skin aids in maintaining the calcium and phophate levels of the body by
participating in the production of which of the following
vitamin d
22. all action of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses
over which of the following?
neurons
23. which hormone initiates the preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for
pregnancy estrogen
24. which female reproductive organ's produce oocytes, estrogen and
progesterone ovaries
25. the buttocks is on which surface the
body dorsal

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26. the esophagus is located at which body
cavity thoracic
27. which is a hollow
organ gallbladder
28. which muscle is included in the quadriceps femoris
group vastus lateralis
29. what occur when the sympathetic nervous system is
stimulated? cardiac output
30. which hormone is produce by the posterior pituitary
gland oxytocin
31. which structure regulat the transport of substance in and out
of a cell the cellular membrane
32. a person who damages to their ulnar nerve will have decrease sesutior in
which area arm
33. when assessing a female client who describes herself as a vegetarian in the
nurse notes that she has an unusual skin color. The nurse should ask the client
if she has eaten large amount of:
carrot and squash
34. which structure produces B-lymphocytes
Red bone marrow
35. how many days is the avarage menstrul cycle
14

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36. where in the human body are nutrients absorbed
small intestines
37. The central nervous system is made up of all except which of the
following? heart
38. The motor cortex helps the brain by monitoring and controlling the body's
movement. Where is the motor cortex located within the brain?
top, the middle portion of the parietal lobe.
39. The heart contains four chambers. Which of these four chambers is the
largest and the strongest?
Left ventricle
appendix
40. Which of the following is not a principal organ of the nervous
system? thymus
41. The pancreas is an endocrine system gland mainly responsible for
which of the following?
maintain healthy blood sugar level
42. Tough elastic tissues found in the joints that connect bones to bones
are called: ligament
43. What mineral is responsible for muscle
contractions? calcium

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44. Where can the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs
be found? pelvic cavity
45. Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are
referred to as which of the following?
neuroglia
46. Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and
structure for the organs?
connective tissue
47. What are the glands of skin that produce a thin, watery
secretion eccrine glands
48. You have been given a sample of tissue that has open spaces partially
filled by an assemblage of needle like structures. What is this tissue?
spongy bone
49. Which mineral is responsible for regulating fluid in the
body? sodium
50. Motor or neurons transmit nerve impulses away from the
CNS. efferent
51. What are chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the
metabolism of specific target cells called?
hormones
52. Which blood vessel where exchanges take place between blood and the cells of
the body? capillary
53. The stomach muscle churns and mixes food, turning the mass into a soupy

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substance called what?
chyme
54. All the nutrients that enter the hepatic portal vein are routed where for
decontamination? liver
55. In men, spermatozoa develop within the of each
testis Seminiferous tubules
56. During pregnancy, what organ produces the hormones that maintain the
endometrium and prepare the breasts for milk production?
placenta
57. Gland whose secretion is oily- a mixture of oily substances and cell
fragments sabasious
58. Sweat gland whose secretion is s primarily water and salts plus contains protein
and fatty subsatances
apocrine
59. Smooth muscle structure in the
skin arrrector pilli
60. What type of joint is the
elbow hinge
61. What type of joint is the hip and
shoulder ball and socket
62. what are the two most abundant minerals stored in bones
extracellular matrix calcium and phosphate
63. The most abundant glial cells found in the CNS that anchor neurons to

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capillaries and help control the environment around neurons
astrocytes
64. What does the adrenal medulla
secrete? Epinephrine and
norepinephrine
65. Which skin cancer is the most dangerous?
malignant melanoma
-becaus it matastisizes(spreads)
-Cancer of the melanocytes
66. Which skin cancer is moderatly
dangerous? squamous cell carcinom
-arises from keratinocytes of stratum spinosum
67. Which skin cancer is least
dangerous? basal cell carcinoma
-doesnt spread
68. What is the only artery in the body to carry oxygen-poor
blood? pulmonary artery
69. Chocolate cysts of the ovaries are attributed to
.endometriosis
70. tendons
connect muscle to
bone
71. Where is interstitial fluid found in the

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body? in the tissues around cells
72. Which lobe of the brain is associated with judgement, planning, impulse
control, and social behavior?
frontal
73. What does lipase do?
It breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
74. In what area of the body would you expect to find and especially thick stratum
corneum? Heel of the foot
75. What two things must be present for a muscle cell to
contract? Calcium & adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
76. the esophagus is located at which body cavity
a) ventral
b) abdomin
al c)
thoracic
77. What is the response of CF cell in the collecting tubules in the nephrons when
antiduretic hormone (ADH) is secreted?
Water is reabsorbed from the urinary filtration?
78. what is the function of ADH hormone
Regulate water balance in the body by controlling the amount of water the kidneys
reabsorb
79. which muscle is included in tue quadriceps femoris group

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a) trapezius
b) vastuslateralis
c) gastrocnemious
d) rectus abdominus
80. the calcaneous is located in whih part of the
body the leg
81. Where is the tympanic membrane
located? external auditorium canal and
tympanic cavity
82. Fats are broken down in the small intestine using which enzyme(s)?
Fats also known as lipids are broken down using lipase produced by the
pancreas and bile produced by the liver but transferred to the small intestine
through the bile duct.
83. What is the only artery to carry oxygen-poor
blood? Pulmonic Artery
84. What do ligaments
connect? Bone to Bone
85. Is epithelial tissue vascular or
avascular? Avascular
86.Which of the following describes the primary function of the respiratory
system?

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89. Which of the following is the group of basophils that produces follicle-
stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone?
A) gonadotrophs
B) thyotroph
C) chromophil
D) pituicytes
90. Which of the following are considered the basic units of the female
reproductive system, each containing a single immature egg cell that is released
during ovulation?
A) oocytes
B) follicles
C) ovaries
D) fundus
91. Which of the following describes the muscular organ that processes food
material into increasingly smaller pieces, mixes it with saliva to create a bolus,
and creates a barrier to transport food into the esophagus?
A) pharynx

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HESI Anatomy and Physiology A2 Comprehensive Real Exam With Answers (231 Solved Questions)

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