HESI Prenatal OB Practice Exam With Answers (108 Solved Questions)

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OB HESI PRACTICE EXAM WITHRATIONALEWhat nursing action should be implemented when intermittently gavage-feeding apreterm infant?Allow formula to flow by gravity.Avoid letting infant suck on tube.Insert feeding tube through nares.Apply steady pressure to syringe.RationaleGavage feeding is commonly used to feed preterm infants who are born at lessthan 32-weeks gestation, infants who weigh less than 1500 grams, or infants whoare unable to tolerate oral feedings. The feeding should flow by gravity (A) toavoid over-distention and a sudden sensation of fullness that may causevomiting. Allowing the infant to suck on the tube, not (B), permits observation ofthe sucking response. The feeding tube should be inserted orally, since nasalinsertion (C) impedes obligatory nose breathing and may irritate delicate nasalmucosa. (D) can result in vomiting if the rate of administration is too fast.A client is receiving an oxytocin infusion for induction of labor. When the clientbegins active labor, the fetal heart rate (FHR) slows at the onset of severalcontractions with subsequent return to baseline before each contraction ends.What action should the nurse implement?Insert an internal monitor device.Change the woman's position.Discontinue the oxytocin infusion.Document the finding in the client record.RationaleEarly FHR decelerations are a normal finding during active labor that occurs dueto fetal head compression, so the finding should be documented in the clientrecord (D). Although the client's status should be monitored continuously, this isa reassuring FHR pattern, so (A, B, and C) are not indicated.The nurse is teaching a new mother about diet and breastfeeding. Whichinstruction is most important to include in the teaching plan?Avoid alcohol because it is excreted in breast milk.Avoid spicy foods to prevent infant colic.Increase caloric intake by approximately 500 calories/day.Double prenatal milk intake to improve Vitamin D transfer to the infant.RationaleAlcohol should be avoided while breastfeeding because, when consumed by themother, it is excreted in breast milk (A). It also adversely effects the milk ejectionreflex. While (B) may cause some gastric upset in some babies, it does not causecolic. (C) should also be included in diet teaching for a breastfeeding mother, butbecause it does not involve safety to the infant it does not have the same degreeof importance as (A). Recent research has shown that infants receive very littleVitamin D via the breastmilk and some sources recommend Vitamin Dsupplementation in exclusively breastfed babies to prevent rickets.

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