Managing and Leading Today's Police:Challenges, Best Practices, Case Studies, 4th Edition Test Bank

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Manual and Testbank for
Managing and Leading
Today’s Police
Challenges, Best Practices, & Case
Studies
Fourth Edition
Kenneth J. Peak
University of Nevada, Reno
Larry K. Gaines
California State University, San Bernardino
Ronald W. Glensor
Reno, Nevada, Police Department

iii
Contents
Chapter 1 Leading and Managing Today’s Police: Challenges and
Opportunities…………………………………………… 1
Chapter 2 The Dynamics of Police Organizations: Structure and
Theories 14
Chapter 3 Leadership and Motivation: What Works…… 27
Chapter 4 Communication, Negotiation, and Conflict
Resolution 40
Chapter 5 Human Resource Management: The Foundation for an Effective Police
Department 51
Chapter 6 Officers’ Rights, Discipline, and Liability: A Legal and Policy-Driven
Framework 63
Chapter 7 Leadership Roles in Labor Relations: “Navigating the Waters” of
PoliceUnionization 57
Chapter 8 Financial Administration: “Doing More with Less” Since the Great
Recession 89
Chapter 9 Ethics and Accountability: Building a Culture of Integrity and Trust 101
Chapter 10 Community Policing and Problem Solving: Addressing Crime and
Disorder 113
Chapter 11 Officer Wellness, Safety, and Stress: Identifying and Managing
Harms 126
Chapter 12 Police Productivity: Improving Performance 138
Chapter 13 Managing Homeland Security and Critical Events 151
Chapter 14 Technologies for the Tasks: Tools for Today’s Police Leaders 164

iv
Contents
Testbank
Chapter 1 Leading and Managing Today’s Police: Challenges and
Opportunities…………………………………………… 177
Chapter 2 The Dynamics of Police Organizations: Structure and
Theories 189
Chapter 3 Leadership and Motivation: What Works…… 201
Chapter 4 Communication, Negotiation, and Conflict
Resolution 213
Chapter 5 Human Resource Management: The Foundation for an Effective Police
Department 223
Chapter 6 Officers’ Rights, Discipline, and Liability: A Legal and Policy-Driven
Framework 234
Chapter 7 Leadership Roles in Labor Relations: “Navigating the Waters” of
PoliceUnionization 248
Chapter 8 Financial Administration: “Doing More with Less” Since the Great
Recession 259
Chapter 9 Ethics and Accountability: Building a Culture of Integrity and Trust 271
Chapter 10 Community Policing and Problem Solving: Addressing Crime and
Disorder 282
Chapter 11 Officer Wellness, Safety, and Stress: Identifying and Managing
Harms 288
Chapter 12 Police Productivity: Improving Performance 305
Chapter 13 Managing Homeland Security and Critical Events 317
Chapter 14 Technologies for the Tasks: Tools for Today’s Police Leaders 329

1
Chapter 1:
Leading and Managing Today’s Police: Challenges and
Opportunities
Chapter Overview:
This chapter started with an overview of organizations, which will be explored in more detail in
Chapter 2. Police departments are organizations that must provide Services to the public in an
effective and efficient manner. Organization theory and structure play an important role in
policing. As a part of this discussion, we examined the meaning of leadership and management,
two key ingredients in organizations. We provided some context to police leadership and
management by briefly examining policing from an historical framework. History is useful in
that it provides us with information about how we arrived at our current organizational
arrangements. This chapter briefly examined the concept of police goals. Goals are important as
they establish standards for performance. We demonstrated how goals often are enumerated in
police department mission statements and strategic plans. Finally, we briefly discussed some of
the challenges and opportunities confronting American law enforcement. It is important for
police leaders to confront the challenges and take advantage of the opportunities. The
environment of policing is constantly changing, and police leaders must be forward-thinking and
ensure their departments continue to move forward in an effective manner.
Student Learning Objectives:
• understand what an organization is and how police departments meet the criteria to be
called an organization
• describe why leadership and management are key components in a police organization
and why they are important
• understand how and why night watches were created and how they evolved into police
departments
• know the history of the London Metropolitan Police Department and how it contributed
to modern policing in the United States
• distinguish between the different phases or periods of American policing
• be able to define goals, mission statements, and strategic planning and why they are
important to police organizations
• list the challenges to police departments and identify other challenges that may be facing
law enforcement
• know the opportunities that police departments have and why they are opportunities
Chapter 1: Multiple-Choice Items
1. Which concept refers to the fact that organizations are composed of people who interact with
one another and with people outside the organization?
a. relatively identifiable boundary
b. consciously coordinated
c. social entity
d. jurisdictional borders
Answer: c

2
Objective: Understand what an organization is and how police departments meet the criteria
to be called an organization
Page Number: 5
Level: Difficult
2. Which concept implies leadership and management?
a. relatively identifiable boundary
b. consciously coordinated
c. social entity
d. jurisdictional borders
Answer: b
Objective: Understand what an organization is and how police departments meet the criteria
to be called an organization
Page Number: 5
Level: Intermediate
3. Robbery detectives who investigate robberies falls under which concept?
a. relatively identifiable boundary
b. consciously coordinated
c. social entity
d. jurisdictional borders
Answer: a
Objective: Understand what an organization is and how police departments meet the criteria
to be called an organization
Page Number: 5
Level: Intermediate
4. Which concept consists of tools by which to put leadership into action?
a. leadership
b. community policing
c. management
d. problem solving
Answer: c
Objective: Describe why leadership and management are key components in a police
organization and why they are important
Page Number: 6
Level: Basic
5. In a medium size police agency, who are the first-line management?
a. police chief
b. sergeant
c. captain
d. officer
Answer: b
Objective: Describe why leadership and management are key components in a police
organization and why they are important

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3
Page Number: 7
Level: Intermediate
6. Which concept consists of ensuring that tasks are accomplished, and goals are reached?
a. leadership
b. community policing
c. management
d. problem solving
Answer: a
Objective: Describe why leadership and management are key components in a police
organization and why they are important
Page Number: 6
Level: Intermediate
7. After the Industrial Revolution, which city in England utilized night watchman in an effort to
reduce crime?
a. London
b. Glasgow
c. Manchester
d. Liverpool
Answer: a
Objective: Understand how and why night watches were created and how they evolved into
police departments
Page Number: 8
Level: Intermediate
8. After the Industrial Revolution, what led to the use of night watchman?
a. increase in population
b. decrease in population
c. increase in immigration
d. decrease in immigration
Answer: a
Objective: Understand how and why night watches were created and how they evolved into
police departments
Page Number: 8
Level: Basic
9. Who were the forerunner of today’s sheriffs?
a. Roman army
b. night watchmen
c. shire-reeves
d. thief takers

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4
Answer: c
Objective: Know the history of the London Metropolitan Police Department and how it
contributed to modern policing in the United States
Page Number: 8
Level: Intermediate
10. Who introduced a bill in Parliament, the Act for Improving the Police in and near the
Metropolis, creating the first modern police department?
a. Henry Fielding
b. Sir Walter Scott
c. King John of England
d. Sir Robert Peel
Answer: d
Objective: Know the history of the London Metropolitan Police Department and how it
contributed to modern policing in the United States
Page Number: 9
Level: Intermediate
11. Who employed a group of “thief takers” who investigated crimes in the area and brought
criminals to justice?
a. Henry Fielding
b. Sir Walter Scott
c. King John of England
d. Sir Robert Peel
Answer: a
Objective: Know the history of the London Metropolitan Police Department and how it
contributed to modern policing in the United States
Page Number: 9
Level: Intermediate
12. Which king was forced to sign the Magna Carta?
a. King Henry VIII
b. King John of England
c. King Edward I
d. King James II
Answer: b
Objective: Know the history of the London Metropolitan Police Department and how it
contributed to modern policing in the United States
Page Number: 8
Level: Intermediate
13. Police departments were able to hire a number of veterans as officers after which war?
a. Civil War
b. World War I
c. World War II
d. Cold War

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5
Answer: c
Objective: Distinguish between the different phases or periods of American policing
Page Number: 10
Level: Intermediate
14. What did many police departments create to help deal with the disorder during the 1960s?
a. police-community relations units
b. bureaucratic policing
c. intelligence-led policing (ILP)
d. evidence-based policing
Answer: a
Objective: Distinguish between the different phases or periods of American policing
Page Number: 11
Level: Intermediate
15. Which method of policing became prevalent as a result of the 9/11 attacks?
a. police-community relations units
b. bureaucratic policing
c. intelligence-led policing (ILP)
d. evidence-based policing
Answer: c
Objective: Distinguish between the different phases or periods of American policing
Page Number: 11
Level: Intermediate
16. Which method of policing is a method where decisions about practices and strategies are
based on what works or is effective and efficient?
a. police-community relations units
b. bureaucratic policing
c. intelligence-led policing (ILP)
d. evidence-based policing
Answer: d
Objective: Distinguish between the different phases or periods of American policing
Page Number: 12
Level: Intermediate
17. What method of policing is a method where decisions about practices and strategies are
based on what works or is effective and efficient?
a. police-community relations units
b. bureaucratic policing
c. intelligence-led policing (ILP)
d. evidence-based policing
Answer: d
Objective: Distinguish between the different phases or periods of American policing
Page Number: 12
Level: Intermediate

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6
18. What are specific results or achievements toward which police departments direct their
efforts?
a. goals
b. mission statements
c. strategic planning
d. order maintenance
Answer: a
Objective: Be able to define goals, mission statements, and strategic planning and why they
are important to police organizations
Page Number: 13
Level: Basic
19. The statement “to safeguard the lives and property of the people we serve, to reduce the
incidence and fear of crime, and to enhance public safety while working with diverse
communities to improve their quality of life” is likely an example ________.
a. a goal
b. a mission statement
c. a strategic planning document
d. a provision of services
Answer: b
Objective: Be able to define goals, mission statements, and strategic planning and why they
are important to police organizations
Page Number: 13
Level: Difficult
20. Black Lives Matter likely traces its roots to the shooting of which individual?
a. Keith Scott
b. Trayvon Martin
c. Michael Brown
d. Jordan Davis
Answer: b
Objective: List the challenges to police departments and identify other challenges that may be
facing law enforcement
Page Number: 15
Level: Difficult
21. What essentially is the right for officers to use power to enforce the law?
a. police legitimacy
b. procedural justice
c. strategic planning
d. a mission statement
Answer: a
Objective: List the challenges to police departments and identify other challenges that may be
facing law enforcement
Page Number: 16
Level: Intermediate

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7
22. Which of the following is a recent innovation used by law enforcement?
a. use of thief-takers
b. fingerprinting
c. night watches
d. use of thief-takers
Answer: d
Objective: Know the opportunities that police departments have and why they are
opportunities
Page Number: 17
Level: Intermediate
23. Which of the following is not a benefit of body-worn cameras used by police?
a. document actions with citizens
b. calming effect
c. privacy
d. training opportunities
Answer: c
Objective: Know the opportunities that police departments have and why they are
opportunities
Page Number: 17
Level: Intermediate
Chapter 1: True-False Items
1. Organizations are entities consisting of two or more people who cooperate to accomplish
an objective or objectives.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: Understand what an organization is and how police departments meet the criteria
to be called an organization
Page Number: 4
Level: Basic
2. Social entity refers the organization’s goals and the public served.
a. True
b. False
Answer: False
Objective: Understand what an organization is and how police departments meet the criteria
to be called an organization
Page Number: 5
Level: Intermediate
3. The term consciously coordinated implies leadership and management.
a. True

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8
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: Understand what an organization is and how police departments meet the criteria
to be called an organization
Page Number: 5
Level: Basic
4. Patrol officers generally are lieutenants and captains who are responsible for units within a
Police department.
a. True
b. False
Answer: False
Objective: Describe why leadership and management are key components in a police
organization and why they are important
Page Number: 6
Level: Intermediate
5. Leadership is getting things done through other people.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: Describe why leadership and management are key components in a police
organization and why they are important
Page Number: 6
Level: Basic
6. Early night watches involved citizens who patrolled the streets at night to deter and observe
for crime.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: Understand how and why night watches were created and how they evolved into
police departments
Page Number: 8
Level: Basic
7. Early night watchman had a significant impact on reducing crime.
a. True
b. False
Answer: False
Objective: Understand how and why night watches were created and how they evolved into
police departments
Page Number: 9
Level: Intermediate

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9
8. The Magna Carta served as the foundation of the United States Constitution.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: Know the history of the London Metropolitan Police Department and how it
contributed to modern policing in the United States
Page Number: 8
Level: Basic
9. The first policing system to evolve in England was the frankpledge system.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: Know the history of the London Metropolitan Police Department and how it
contributed to modern policing in the United States
Page Number: 8
Level: Basic
10.The night watchmen were the forerunner of today’s sheriffs.
a. True
b. False
Answer: False
Objective: Know the history of the London Metropolitan Police Department and how it
contributed to modern policing in the United States
Page Number: 8
Level: Intermediate
11.Sir Robert Peel believed that the military provided the best management structure for a
modern police department.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: Know the history of the London Metropolitan Police Department and how it
contributed to modern policing in the United States
Page Number: 9
Level: Intermediate
12. Henry Fielding was an early reformer who wrote about crime and poverty in London in an
effort to draw attention to the crime problem.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: Know the history of the London Metropolitan Police Department and how it
contributed to modern policing in the United States
Page Number: 9
Level: Basic

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10
13. Early police departments were inefficient and rife with corruption.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: Distinguish between the different phases or periods of American policing
Page Number: 9
Level: Basic
14. Police scandals often resulted in reform political candidates to be elected and brought
changes to the police departments.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: Distinguish between the different phases or periods of American policing
Page Number: 10
Level: Basic
15. As a result of the 9/11 attacks, Congress passed the Omnibus Crime Control and
Safe Streets Act.
a. True
b. False
Answer: False
Objective: Distinguish between the different phases or periods of American policing
Page Number: 11
Level: Intermediate
16. A mission statement a document that details specific goals that a police department is
committed to accomplish and the specific strategies the department deploys to accomplish the
goals.
a. True
b. False
Answer: False
Objective: Be able to define goals, mission statements, and strategic planning and why they
are important to police organizations
Page Number: 14
Level: Intermediate
17. Goals are specific results or achievements toward which police departments direct their
efforts.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: Be able to define goals, mission statements, and strategic planning and why they
are important to police organizations
Page Number: 13
Level: Basic

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11
18. Black Lives Matter is a national movement that is a reaction to the police shooting black
men.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: List the challenges to police departments and identify other challenges that may be
facing law enforcement
Page Number: 15
Level: Basic
19. Police legitimacy is how citizens evaluate police performance.
a. True
b. False
Answer: False
Objective: List the challenges to police departments and identify other challenges that may be
facing law enforcement
Page Number: 16
Level: Intermediate
20. Body-worm cameras by police can increase transparency and citizens’ views of procedural
justice.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: Know the opportunities that police departments have and why they are
opportunities
Page Number: 17
Level: Intermediate
21. Privacy is one concern with body-worm cameras.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Objective: Know the opportunities that police departments have and why they are
opportunities
Page Number: 16
Level: Basic

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12
Chapter 1 Discussion Questions:
1. What is leadership and how does it affect the police organization?
Answer: Leadership is getting things done through other people. Leaders ensure that tasks are
accomplished and goals are reached. Administrators in a police organization guide and lead the
department by setting an overall direction and are at the highest levels within a police
department. Administrators by working with governing officials and citizens identify priorities or
goals.
2. What is management and what are the levels of management in a police department?
Answer: Management consists of tools by which to put leadership into action. These tools
include decision making, planning, providing direction, making decisions about staffing,
communicating, organizing, and budgeting. Police chiefs are the primary conduits for the public
to provide input into a police department. Middle managers are also involved in managing; they
manage their individual units to ensure that their officers’ activities contribute to accomplishing
the goals as set by the department’s administrators. Supervisors, generally sergeants, manage
their officers by monitoring their subordinate’s activities on a regular basis.
3. Explain how English policing affected the creation of policing in the United States.
Answer: Modern policing began or has its roots in England. There were several important
historical events that led up to the creation of the first modern police department in London in
1829. The first policing system to evolve in England was the frankpledge system, which was
present in medieval England. The night watch program developed after the Industrial Revolution.
Early reformed include Henry Fielding was Sir Robert Peel. Peel introduced a bill in Parliament,
the Act for Improving the Police in and near the Metropolis. This bill created the first modern
police department. Large cities in America such as New York, Boston, and Philadelphia
followed London’s lead and created watchman systems.
4. What are police legitimacy and procedural justice? Explain how they affect policing and why
they are important.
Answer: Police legitimacy essentially is the right for officers to use power to enforce the law.
However, some people and some neighborhoods question police officers’ legitimate right to
exercise police powers. Procedural justice, on the other hand, is how citizens evaluate police
performance. Singular encounters with the public matter. They can cumulatively and over time
negatively affect people’s perception of the police. Procedural justice can be enhanced when
police officers listen and explain their actions to citizens, treat them in a fair manner, show them
dignity and respect, and have a trustworthy motive when dealing with citizens.
5. What is an organization? How do police departments meet the three criteria that describe an
organization?
Answer: An organization may be formally defined as a consciously coordinated social entity,
with a relative identifiable boundary, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a
common goal or set of goals. Organizations consist of many pieces that must be coordinated.
Large and medium-sized police departments will have patrol, traffic, detective, training units,
and so on. All of these units must be coordinated so that they work together ensuring that the

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