NBDHE Flashcard Study System: NBDHE Test Practice Questions and Exam Review (2020)
Get exam-ready with NBDHE Flashcard Study System: NBDHE Test Practice Questions and Exam Review (2020) , featuring topic-wise breakdowns, expert strategies, and sample questions.
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Head and Neck Anatomy
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NBDHE Exam
Describe the bones of the skull.
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NBDHE Exam
Describe the bones of the skull.
Head and Neck Anatomy
The bones of an adult are joined (sutured) to protect the brain, and the
eyes, and to form the nasal passages. The occipital bone is the posterior
bone with a foramen which allows the nerves of the spinal cord to reach
the brain. The lateral parts of this bone join the first vertebra of the
spine. The frontal bone forms the upper part of the forehead, the area
around the eyes and the eyebrows. This bone joins the parietal and
temporal bones to form the sides of the head and the face. The sphenoid
bone is at the center of the skull and extends to the other bones of the
skull to support the nerves and blood vessels that supply the face, teeth,
tongue, eyes, and ears. The ethmoid is a single bone that houses the nasal
cavity and the sinuses.
The bones of an adult are joined (sutured) to protect the brain, and the
eyes, and to form the nasal passages. The occipital bone is the posterior
bone with a foramen which allows the nerves of the spinal cord to reach
the brain. The lateral parts of this bone join the first vertebra of the
spine. The frontal bone forms the upper part of the forehead, the area
around the eyes and the eyebrows. This bone joins the parietal and
temporal bones to form the sides of the head and the face. The sphenoid
bone is at the center of the skull and extends to the other bones of the
skull to support the nerves and blood vessels that supply the face, teeth,
tongue, eyes, and ears. The ethmoid is a single bone that houses the nasal
cavity and the sinuses.
Head and Neck Anatomy
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NBDHE Exam
Describe the dental hygiene regulating body.
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NBDHE Exam
Describe the dental hygiene regulating body.
Head and Neck Anatomy
Dental hygiene practice is regulated by the American Dental Association,
and hygienists work under the supervision of a dentist. Different states
have different rules about how closely the dentist supervises the
hygienist. The state board of dental examiners in each state controls the
clinical requirements for licensure, usually choosing to send candidates
to one of the regional boards for clinical exams.
They are Central Regional Dental Testing Service, Northeast Regional
Board of Dental Examiners, Southern Regional Testing Agency, and
Western Regional Examining Board. The Joint Commission on National
Dental Examinations conducts written exams each year to test
candidates on academic knowledge. Each state tests candidates
regarding ethics and laws of the state in which the candidate wishes to
practice.
Dental hygiene practice is regulated by the American Dental Association,
and hygienists work under the supervision of a dentist. Different states
have different rules about how closely the dentist supervises the
hygienist. The state board of dental examiners in each state controls the
clinical requirements for licensure, usually choosing to send candidates
to one of the regional boards for clinical exams.
They are Central Regional Dental Testing Service, Northeast Regional
Board of Dental Examiners, Southern Regional Testing Agency, and
Western Regional Examining Board. The Joint Commission on National
Dental Examinations conducts written exams each year to test
candidates on academic knowledge. Each state tests candidates
regarding ethics and laws of the state in which the candidate wishes to
practice.
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Head and Neck Anatomy
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NBDHE Exam
Explain how the temporomandibular joint functions and
dysfunctions.
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NBDHE Exam
Explain how the temporomandibular joint functions and
dysfunctions.
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Head and Neck Anatomy
The TMJ is the joint of the temporal bone with the condyle of the
mandible. Working properly, it allows the mandible to move forward, to
move backward, to move up and down, and to move side to side. The
meniscus or fibrous disc, which looks like a doughnut of tendon with a
thin membrane covering the doughnut hole moves between synovial
fluid under the temporal fossa and floats on synovial fluid at the top of
the condyle, cushions both bones. It can tear or become displaced and
cause pain. Sometimes malocclusion of the teeth can put strain on the
muscles that control the TMJ and cause pain or damage. Congenital
malformations, bone degeneration caused by arthritis, or tumors also
cause dysfunction.
The TMJ is the joint of the temporal bone with the condyle of the
mandible. Working properly, it allows the mandible to move forward, to
move backward, to move up and down, and to move side to side. The
meniscus or fibrous disc, which looks like a doughnut of tendon with a
thin membrane covering the doughnut hole moves between synovial
fluid under the temporal fossa and floats on synovial fluid at the top of
the condyle, cushions both bones. It can tear or become displaced and
cause pain. Sometimes malocclusion of the teeth can put strain on the
muscles that control the TMJ and cause pain or damage. Congenital
malformations, bone degeneration caused by arthritis, or tumors also
cause dysfunction.
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Head and Neck Anatomy
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NBDHE Exam
Locate the bones of the face.
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NBDHE Exam
Locate the bones of the face.
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Head and Neck Anatomy
The maxilla forms the roof of the mouth and contains sinuses, the
zygomatic process (or cheek bone), frontal process, palatine process, and
orbital process. They join the bones that give them their names, the
infraorbital foramen which allows the maxillary nerve to reach the
maxillary teeth, and the maxillary tuberosity immediately behind the
maxillary third molar. The maxillary tuberosity contains the posterior
superior alveolar foramina that allows the superior alveolar nerves,
veins, and arteries to reach the maxillary teeth and gingival.
The maxilla forms the roof of the mouth and contains sinuses, the
zygomatic process (or cheek bone), frontal process, palatine process, and
orbital process. They join the bones that give them their names, the
infraorbital foramen which allows the maxillary nerve to reach the
maxillary teeth, and the maxillary tuberosity immediately behind the
maxillary third molar. The maxillary tuberosity contains the posterior
superior alveolar foramina that allows the superior alveolar nerves,
veins, and arteries to reach the maxillary teeth and gingival.
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Head and Neck Anatomy
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NBDHE Exam
Explain how the muscles of facial expressions work.
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NBDHE Exam
Explain how the muscles of facial expressions work.
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Head and Neck Anatomy
The muscles that allow facial expressions are attached to various bones
and to the soft tissues of the face. They exchange information through the
facial nerve (CN VII). The orbicularis oris circles the mouth and purses
the lips. The term depressor refers to lowering action; anguli refers to an
angle, oris refers to the mouth and labii refers to lips. Therefore,
depressor labii inferioris depresses the angle of the lower lip. Mentalis
refers to the chin. The buccinator muscle pulls the lip to the side and
helps to keep food on the occlusal surface of the teeth while chewing.
Risorius muscle widens the mouth. Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
muscles raise the upper lip and the ala of the nose. Zygomaticus major
and minor raises the angle of the mouth. Platysma pulls down the mouth
and raises the skin of the neck. Orbicularis oculi, corrugator supercilii, and
frontal belly of epicranius muscles close the eyelid, cause frown lines, and
raise the eyebrows.
The muscles that allow facial expressions are attached to various bones
and to the soft tissues of the face. They exchange information through the
facial nerve (CN VII). The orbicularis oris circles the mouth and purses
the lips. The term depressor refers to lowering action; anguli refers to an
angle, oris refers to the mouth and labii refers to lips. Therefore,
depressor labii inferioris depresses the angle of the lower lip. Mentalis
refers to the chin. The buccinator muscle pulls the lip to the side and
helps to keep food on the occlusal surface of the teeth while chewing.
Risorius muscle widens the mouth. Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
muscles raise the upper lip and the ala of the nose. Zygomaticus major
and minor raises the angle of the mouth. Platysma pulls down the mouth
and raises the skin of the neck. Orbicularis oculi, corrugator supercilii, and
frontal belly of epicranius muscles close the eyelid, cause frown lines, and
raise the eyebrows.
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Head and Neck Anatomy
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NBDHE Exam
Describe the muscles of mastication.
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NBDHE Exam
Describe the muscles of mastication.
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Head and Neck Anatomy
Muscles of mastication are those that enable the person to open and
close, and perform other movements of the mandible. This allows the
person to speak, and to swallow food after he/she chews, or masticates,
his/her food. These muscles receive sensation and “orders” from the
brain through the motor branch of the trigeminal (V3) nerve. The
temporalis muscle is shaped like a fan reaching from the floor of the
temporal fossa to the coronoid process of the mandible. The masseter
muscle is attached to the zygomatic arch and to the angle and bottom of
the ramus. Medial and lateral pterygoid muscles originate on the lateral
pterygoid plate and the superior head of the sphenoid bone. They attach
at the angle of the mandible. These muscles must work together like a
well-practiced orchestra if the mandible is to raise, lower, and move side
to side smoothly.
Muscles of mastication are those that enable the person to open and
close, and perform other movements of the mandible. This allows the
person to speak, and to swallow food after he/she chews, or masticates,
his/her food. These muscles receive sensation and “orders” from the
brain through the motor branch of the trigeminal (V3) nerve. The
temporalis muscle is shaped like a fan reaching from the floor of the
temporal fossa to the coronoid process of the mandible. The masseter
muscle is attached to the zygomatic arch and to the angle and bottom of
the ramus. Medial and lateral pterygoid muscles originate on the lateral
pterygoid plate and the superior head of the sphenoid bone. They attach
at the angle of the mandible. These muscles must work together like a
well-practiced orchestra if the mandible is to raise, lower, and move side
to side smoothly.
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Head and Neck Anatomy
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NBDHE Exam
The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve has three main
branches that provide sensation to the mandibular teeth. List
those three and the teeth to which they provide sensation.
© Mometrix Media - flashcardsecrets.com/nbdhe
NBDHE Exam
The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve has three main
branches that provide sensation to the mandibular teeth. List
those three and the teeth to which they provide sensation.
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Head and Neck Anatomy
The mandibular branch is composed of the anterior trunk (buccal nerve
and muscular branches) and the posterior trunk (auriculotemporal,
lingual, and inferior alveolar nerves). The inferior alveolar nerve follows
the mandibular canal before forming two further branches: the incisive
nerve spreads into branches that provide sensation to the mandibular
anterior teeth and around the periodontium. The mental nerve separates
from the incisive nerve and exits the mandibular canal at the mental
foramen. It forms branches to provide sensation to the facial gingiva of
the mandibular anterior teeth, the chin, the lower lip, and the labial
mucosa. The buccal nerve provides sensation to the facial gingiva of the
mandibular molars and premolars. The lingual nerve provides sensation
to the floor of the mouth, the tongue, and the mandibular lingual gingiva
The mandibular branch is composed of the anterior trunk (buccal nerve
and muscular branches) and the posterior trunk (auriculotemporal,
lingual, and inferior alveolar nerves). The inferior alveolar nerve follows
the mandibular canal before forming two further branches: the incisive
nerve spreads into branches that provide sensation to the mandibular
anterior teeth and around the periodontium. The mental nerve separates
from the incisive nerve and exits the mandibular canal at the mental
foramen. It forms branches to provide sensation to the facial gingiva of
the mandibular anterior teeth, the chin, the lower lip, and the labial
mucosa. The buccal nerve provides sensation to the facial gingiva of the
mandibular molars and premolars. The lingual nerve provides sensation
to the floor of the mouth, the tongue, and the mandibular lingual gingiva
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Subject
National Board Dental Hygiene Examination