PHI 103 Identifying Fallacies in Everyday Reasoning: A Critical Analysis

A critical analysis of common fallacies in everyday reasoning, examining logical errors and their impact on decision-making.

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PHI 103Identifying Fallacies in Everyday Reasoning: A Critical AnalysisPHI 103 Week 3DiscussionQuestion1Considering the fallacies discussed in Chapter Four of An Introduction to Logic, constructthree different arguments that displaydistinct fallacies. Give an explanation of why eachmakes a mistake in drawing the conclusion it does. Review your classmates’ examples andsee if they, in fact, commit the fallacy identified.“Begging the Question” or “Circular Reasoning”“To beg the question is to commit a mistake in reasoning by assuming what one seeks to prove.Often this kind of reasoning is criticized as "circular reasoning," in that the premise that supportsthe conclusion is in turn supported by the conclusion, and thus goes in a circle”. (Mosser, 2011).Smoking cause’s lung cancer in humans, lung cancer kills millions of humans, so smoking willkill you.Though this may technically be true, it still begs the question. The premises may be true as wellas the conclusion, but smoking does not always cause lung cancer and does not kill everyone.Many people have smoked for many of years and had never developed lung cancer.The Slippery Slope Argument“The slippery slope fallacy is committed when one takes an example and extends it indefinitelyto show that a given undesirable result will inevitably follow. Often the idea is that if anexception is allowed to a rule, then more and more exceptions will follow, leading to theinevitable result that few people, if any, will follow the rule. But this conclusion isn't alwayswarranted. A library may well wish to prohibit certain kinds of material, such as pornography,but that doesn't mean that libraries will end up banning all kinds of materials.”(Mosser, 2011).We have to stop the gas prices from increasing! The next thing you know, they'll be charging$20.00 a gallon!"“One has to examine the premises of the specific argument to determine if, in fact, they supportthe conclusion. The premises must be shown to lead to the conclusion and the connectionbetween the premises and conclusion must be demonstrated.” (Mosser, 2011).Hasty Generalization

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University

Arizona State University

Course

PHI 103

Subject

Philosophy

PHI 103 Identifying Fallacies in Everyday Reasoning: A Critical Analysis

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