Review of Literatures: Smiling causes Happiness

Name: Review of Literatures: Smiling causes Happiness
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Author: Audrey Parker

Solved literature review assignment exploring the statistical link between smiling and happiness.

Audrey Parker

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30 days ago

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Running Head: REVIEW OF LITERATURES 1
REVIEW OF LITERATURES
Smiling causes Happiness
In your essay, you explore various studies on the relationship between facial expressions,
specifically smiles, and happiness. How do different factors, such as gender, societal norms, and
situational contexts, influence the connection between facial expressions and emotional states
like happiness and sadness?
In your response, consider the following:
 The role of gender and societal expectations in shaping facial expressions, particularly
smiling.
 How situational factors, such as life events or achievements, affect happiness and
expressions of emotion.
 The findings from various studies (such as those by Hess et al., Niedenthal et al., and
Fernandez-Dols & Ruiz-Belda) regarding the relationship between smiles and happiness.
 The limitations and contributions of these studies in understanding the complex nature of
facial expressions and emotions.
Your response should be 750-1000 words

Running Head: REVIEW OF LITERATURES 2
Introduction
In the context of happiness, we could see a great smile on the face of people that
describes about their real feeling, while the expression on the face of people is not attractive, it
means the person is not well and not happy. On the basis of real life expression, it could be stated
that a person smile, it is because that he or she is happy, and a person could frown because of his
or her sadness. A person is happy or sad, it could be justified in his or her face or corresponding
facial expressions (Ahmed, 2008). But initially there was not a division line that could be able to
make the difference between expression, emotional responses and their impacts on the feelings
of the human being. For conduction this research study, I have selected five articles that are
given below.
Smiling causes Happiness
The first research study is conducted by Hess, Adams & Kleck (2005). In this research
process, researchers focus over the emotional response of man and woman in the context of
happiness and anger.
In this research study, the researcher makes a hypothesis such as the anger is more
appropriate for male individual and smile is effective for women are based on their perceptions.
For this hypothesis, the researcher also forms three studies. For these studies, the researchers use
different methods and different population for getting the data and information. The first study
helps him to test the mediation model on the basis of man and woman along with their
perceptions. For this study, they also select 25 men and 29 women to collect data. On the other
hand, second study includes the vignette approach that helps the researchers to know about the
conversion of expectations into prescriptive social norms. They also take the help of 151 men
and 151 women.

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Review of Literatures: Smiling causes Happiness

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