Solution Manual for Astronomy Today, 9th Edition

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Astronomy Today, 9th Edition Instructor GuideChapter 1: Charting the HeavensThe Foundations of Astronomy1Chapter 1: Charting the HeavensThe Foundations of AstronomyOutline1.1 Our Place in Space1.2 Scientific Theory and the Scientific Method1.3 The “Obvious” View1.4 Earth’s Orbital Motion1.5 The Motion of the Moon1.6 The Measurement of DistanceSummaryChapter 1 begins with a “Big Picture” overview of our place in the Universe. This is followed by a briefintroduction to the science of Astronomy and the definition of “Universe.” Common units of measurement thatare important to astronomers are introduced, along with the convention of scientific notation. Section 1.2discusses the scientific method, giving the students an understanding of some of the differences between scienceand pseudoscience or non-science ways of knowing such as religion. Section 1.3 introduces constellations and thecelestial sphere, which serve as a springboard to descriptions in Section 1.4 of the apparent daily and annualmotions of celestial bodies such as the Sun, Moon, and stars. Most of these motions are actually illusory, causedby various motions of the Earth. Section 1.4 also explains the nature and cause of the Earth’s seasons. Section1.5deals with the relationship between the Earth and the Moon that causes the phases of the Moon as well as solarand lunar eclipses. Chapter 1 concludes with the concept of parallax and its use in performing measurements ofdistance and size.Major ConceptsThe Big Picture—Our Place in the UniverseScientific TheoriesTestableSimpleElegantAstronomy and the Scientific MethodObservationHypotheses/ExplanationObservation/ExperimentationConstellationsThe Celestial SphereEarth’s MotionRotation on its Axis (Daily Motion)The Tilt of the Axis and the SeasonsRevolution Around the Sun (Yearly Motion) and the ZodiacPrecessionThe Moon’s OrbitLunar PhasesLunar Eclipses

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