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Statistical Evaluation of Diagnostic Tests: Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predictive Values

Analyzes diagnostic test accuracy using statistical methods such as sensitivity and specificity.

Alexander Wilson
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Statistical Evaluation of Diagnostic Tests: Sensitivity, Specificity, and PredictiveValuesScreeningExercise 1A screening test for a newly discovered disease is being evaluated for its effectiveness and sensitivity asa screening test inindustry. In order to determine the effectiveness of the new test, it was administeredto 880 workers. Of those, 120 of the individuals diagnosed with the disease tested positive for it. Resultsfrom the test showed a negative test finding for 50 people with the disease. A total of 40 people withoutthe disease tested positive for it.Create a 2x2 table for this data:Test findings/ Disease statusDiseaseNo diseaseTotalPositive test120(A)40 (B)160Negative test50 (C)670(D)720Total1707108801.What is the prevalence rate of the disease?Prevalence rate of disease =ே௢௢௙௣௘௘௣௟௘௪௜௧௛ௗ௜௦௘௔௦௘ே௢௢௙௣௘௢௣௟௘௠௘௔௦௨௥௘ௗ= (170/880)*100 = 19.32.What is the sensitivity of the test?Sensitivityof the test = (A / A+C)*100 = (120/170) * 100 =70.583.What is the specificity of the test?Specificity: D/(D+B) × 100= (670/710) * 100 = 94.364.What is the percentage of false negatives?FalseNeg = (1-Sensitivity) * Prevalence=(c/a+c)*prevelance=5.6735.What is the percentage of false positives?FalsePos = (1-Specificity) * (1-Prevalence)=(b/b+d)*(no of people with no disease/N)*100=4.5516.What is the accuracy of the test?Accuracy= no of correct assessment/total no ofassessments= (A+D/N)*100= 89.72 %Exercise 2Two different tests previously developed to measure stress in individuals are selected: Stress Test AlphaBattery (STAB) and Stress Test Uniform Battery (STUB). The sensitivity and specificity of these two testsare:

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Statistics

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