Certified Professional Coder /Amoeba Sisters Video Recap: DNA Replication

Amoeba Sisters Video Recap: DNA Replication

Certified Professional Coder14 CardsCreated about 3 hours ago

DNA must replicate before a cell divides to ensure that each new cell receives a complete and identical set of genetic instructions. This is essential for maintaining genetic continuity between parent and daughter cells.

Why does DNA need to replicate before cells divide?

So that each cell has a full copy of DNA

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

Why does DNA need to replicate before cells divide?

So that each cell has a full copy of DNA

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Deoxyribose (sugar). Total number in image?

6

Nitrogenous base. Total number in image?

6

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Hydrogen bond. Total number in image?

3

Phosphate

Depicted as a green circle on DNA diagram

Helicase:

Enzyme that unzips the the double stranded DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds holding the bases together

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TermDefinition

Why does DNA need to replicate before cells divide?

So that each cell has a full copy of DNA

Deoxyribose (sugar). Total number in image?

6

Nitrogenous base. Total number in image?

6

Hydrogen bond. Total number in image?

3

Phosphate

Depicted as a green circle on DNA diagram

Helicase:

Enzyme that unzips the the double stranded DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds holding the bases together

DNA Polymerase:

Enzyme that builds a new DNA molecule by adding complementary strands of DNA to the original, unzipped DNA molecule

Primase:

Enzyme that synthesizes a primer so DNA polymerase knows where to begin working

Ligase:

Enzyme that binds or "glues" fragments of DNA together

Helicase unwinds or unzips DNA strands

Primase tells the polymerase where to start

Primase adds a short RNA primer to signal where DNA polymerase should start building the new strand.

Polymerase builds new DNA using original DNA strand

DNA polymerase builds a new DNA strand by adding complementary nucleotides to the original template strand.

Ligase - binds or "glues" fragments of new DNA to old DNA

Ligase joins or "glues" together fragments of DNA to create a continuous strand.

Explain what is meant by the "lagging" strand and why this occurs.

It replicates at a slower pace because it is being replicated in the opposite direction of the replication fork.