Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /AP Psychology Exam Review Part 4
AP Psychology Exam Review Part 4
This deck covers key concepts in psychology related to memory, learning, and reinforcement. It includes definitions and explanations of various types of memory, learning processes, and reinforcement methods.
Positive Reinforcers
Stimuli that strengthen a response if they follow that response.
Tap or swipe ↕ to flip
Swipe ←→Navigate
1/25
Key Terms
Term
Definition
Positive Reinforcers
Stimuli that strengthen a response if they follow that response.
Negative Reinforcers
The removal of unpleasant stimuli, such as pain.
Primary Reinforcers
Reinforcers that meet an organism's basic needs, such as food and water.
Latent Learning
Learning that is not demonstrated at the time it occurs
Observational Learning
Learning how to perform new behaviors by watching others
Encoding
The process of acquiring information and entering it into memory.
Related Flashcard Decks
Study Tips
- Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
- Review cards regularly to improve retention
- Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
- Share this deck with friends to study together
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Positive Reinforcers | Stimuli that strengthen a response if they follow that response. |
Negative Reinforcers | The removal of unpleasant stimuli, such as pain. |
Primary Reinforcers | Reinforcers that meet an organism's basic needs, such as food and water. |
Latent Learning | Learning that is not demonstrated at the time it occurs |
Observational Learning | Learning how to perform new behaviors by watching others |
Encoding | The process of acquiring information and entering it into memory. |
Storage | The process of maintaining information in memory over time |
Retrieval | The process of recalling information stored in memory |
Episodic Memory | Memory of an event that happened while one was present. |
Semantic Memory | A type of memory containing generalized knowledge of the world. |
Explicit Memory | The process in which people intentionally try to remember something |
Implicit Memory | The unintentional influence of prior experiences |
Maintenance Rehearsal | Repeating information over and over to keep it active in short-term memory. |
Elaborative Rehearsal | A memorization method that involves thinking about how new information relates to information already stored in long-term memory. |
Parallel Distributed Processing (Pdp) Models | Memory models in which new experiences change one's overall knowledge base. |
Selective Attention | The focusing of mental resources on only part of the stimulus field |
Short-Term Memory | The maintenance component of working memory, which holds unrehearsed information for a limited time. |
Chunks | Stimuli that are perceived as one unit or as a meaningful grouping of information. |
Long-Term Memory | A relatively long-lasting stage of memory whose capacity to store new information is believed to be unlimited. |
Primacy Effect | A characteristic of memory in which recall of the first two or three items in a list is particularly good. |
Recency Effect | A characteristic of memory in which recall is particularly good for the last few items in a list. |
Context-Dependent Memory | Memory that can be helped or hindered by similarities or differences between the context in which it is learned and the context in which it is recalled. |
State-Dependent Memory | Memory that is aided or impeded by a person's internal state. |
Anterograde Amnesia | A loss of memory for any event that occurs after a brain injury |
Retrograde Amnesia | A loss of memory for events prior to a brain injury. |