Back to AI Flashcard MakerEngineering /Chapter 9 - Lubrication Oils
Chapter 9 - Lubrication Oils
This deck covers key concepts and questions related to lubrication oils, including definitions, classifications, and functions within engine systems.
Define Viscosity
The measure of oil’s resistance to flow.
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Define Viscosity
The measure of oil’s resistance to flow.
Define specific gravity
The comparison of oil’s weight to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water at a specified temperature.
What determines the color of gas?
It is determined by the amount of light that passes through an oil sample in a glass container when placed in front of a light of known intensity.
What is used to measure viscosity?
Saybolt Viscosimeter
What is the viscosity index?
A standard used to identify the rate of change in viscosity for a given change in temperature.
Which oil is better for breaking in?
Straight mineral oil.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Define Viscosity | The measure of oil’s resistance to flow. |
Define specific gravity | The comparison of oil’s weight to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water at a specified temperature. |
What determines the color of gas? | It is determined by the amount of light that passes through an oil sample in a glass container when placed in front of a light of known intensity. |
What is used to measure viscosity? | Saybolt Viscosimeter |
What is the viscosity index? | A standard used to identify the rate of change in viscosity for a given change in temperature. |
Which oil is better for breaking in? | Straight mineral oil. |
What is a disadvantage using straight mineral oil in reciprocating engines? | When exposed to elevated temperatures, straight mineral oil has a tendency to oxidize. |
What two techniques are used to reduce oil congealing? | Use a heater blanket, Place aircraft in hanger |
What is flashpoint? | The temperature at which oil begins to emit ignitable vapors |
What is pour point? | The lowest temperature at which oil flow can be poured. |
Name two classifications of the lubrication system. | Wet Sump - The sump is housed within the engine, Dry Sump - A reservoir is attached to the side of the engine |
What is turbine’s synthetic lubricant base? | Diester base |
What subsystem is the scavenge a part of? | The return system |
Name the three methods of lubrication. | Pressure, Splash, Spray |
What is SOAP? | Spectrometric oil analysis program, A laboratory that analyzes foreign particles in engine oil |
What must SOAP need for trending? | It needs to be ongoing and continuous |
Name the four subsystems. | Supply system - runs from the reservoir to the engine driven pump Pressure sub system -engine driven pump to bearings, gearboxes, and oil galleries Return System (Scavage system) -
Breather/Vent system |
What is coking? | The tendency of mineral-based oils to leave behind carbon deposits when exposed to extremely high temperatures. |
Name two types of seals. | Labyrinth - uses bleed air, Carbon |
What type of bearings are used on reciprocating and turbine engines? | Plane - recips, Steel ball bearings - turbine engines |
Name three main requirements for selecting oil. | Operating temperatures, Operating loads, Rotational speeds of bearings |
Fill in the blank SAE No. Commercial aviation NO. AN Specification SAE 30 Grade_______ AN ____________ SAE 40 Grade_______ AN____________ SAE 50 Grade_______ AN_____________ SAE 60 Grade_______ AN____________ SAE 70 Grade________ AN____________ | SAE No. Commercial aviation NO. AN Specification SAE 30 Grade65 AN1065 SAE 40 Grade 80 AN1080 SAE 50 Grade 100 AN 1100 SAE 60 Grade 120 AN1120 SAE 70 Grade 140 N/A |
What would the “W” mean for SAE 10W30? | Winter usage |
What is centistokes? | Instead of an SAE rating, synthetic oils are given a Kinematic Viscosity Rating in centistokes (cSt) |
Which ATA chapter has information regarding oil servicing and handling? | Chapter 12 |
What are the three grades of oils? | SAE, Army Navy, Aviation Grade |
Name a function of ashless-dispersant oil. | It produces low content of ash, and it helps keep particles separated so no clumps form |
Name the three types of oil bases. | Mineral or petroleum, Animal or vegetable - cannot withstand high temperatures, Synthetic - combination of both |
How do you know engine break-in has occurred? | Oil levels begin to settle |
Name five contaminants that the oil can pick up. | Metal, Dirt, Fuel, Water, Rust, Carbon, Rubber |
What temperature should a turbine engine be when being checked for oil? | Cold |
Name the weight of the items. | Fuel avgas - 6lbs/gal, Jet fuel - 6.5 lbs/gal, Water - 8lbs/gal, Oil - 7lbs/gal |
What is the difference between oil dilution system and acceleration system? | Oil dilution system - Oil is mixed with fuel to reduce the oil's viscosity. Acceleration System (Hopper) - speeds up heating |
What is a standpipe? | Used to provide oil to feather propeller, feeds engine driven oil |
What is a scupper? | It is used to catch spilled oil from the filler opening |
What is used to increase or decrease pressure needed to open the relief valve? | Shims |
What are the components of a filter adapter? | Thermostatic control valve, Temperature bulb |
What are the filtration system classifications? | Full flow (common) - in series with bearings, Bypass flow - parallel with bearings |
Name the different types of filters. | Semi Depth (most common) - pleated and covers the most surface area DISPOSABLE, Depth - prone to improper filtration, Surface - REUSABLE, Edge - 'spacer & screen' - REUSABLE |
Name three things that aid in engine cooling. | Exhaust, Air cooled, Oil |
Spikes in oil temperatures can be caused by what? | Baffle and seal improper maintenance, Improper number of radiating fins |
Oil pressure gauge uses what type of measuring device? Where does the pressure come from? | Uses a Bourdon tube, Pressure comes from the engine |
When is it best to drain the engine oil and why? | When the engine is warm because the viscosity will be lower and flow out better |
What should be written on the filter when it is being installed? | Hobbs time, Date, Engine number |
Name five functions of the oil. | Reduce metal friction, Absorbs heat, Cleans, Seals, Cushion |
Name the two steps to roughing cylinder walls. | Honing cylinders, Chrome plated |
What is the function of a compensated oil pressure relief valve? | Maintain a higher system pressure when the oil is cold, then after the oil warms, the valve automatically lowers pressure to the normal operating range |