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Medicine /Medical Terminology: Endocrine System Part 7

Medical Terminology: Endocrine System Part 7

Medicine20 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

This deck covers key medical terms and treatments related to the endocrine system, focusing on diagnostic imaging, diabetes management, thyroid treatments, and hormone therapies.

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Define: MRI of the pituitary

A non-invasive imaging technique used to visualize the pituitary gland and surrounding structures for abnormalities such as tumors. An MRI of the pituitary can help detect pituitary adenomas.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Define: MRI of the pituitary
A non-invasive imaging technique used to visualize the pituitary gland and surrounding structures for abnormalities such as tumors. An MRI of the pitu...
Define: CT scan of adrenal glands
A detailed imaging test that uses X-rays to create cross-sectional images of the adrenal glands to identify tumors or other abnormalities. A CT scan o...
Define: Ultrasound of thyroid
An imaging test that uses sound waves to create images of the thyroid gland, often used to evaluate nodules or enlargement. A ultrasound of thyroid ca...
Define: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy
A procedure that uses a thin needle to extract a small sample of tissue from a lump or mass for examination under a microscope. A fine needle aspirati...
Define: Insulin therapy
The administration of insulin to manage blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes. Insulin therapy is essential for patients with type 1 diabe...
Define: Oral hypoglycemics
Medications taken by mouth to lower blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Oral hypoglycemics can help manage blood sugar levels effecti...
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Medical Terminology: Endocrine System Part 7
TermDefinition
Define: MRI of the pituitary
A non-invasive imaging technique used to visualize the pituitary gland and surrounding structures for abnormalities such as tumors. An MRI of the pituitary can help detect pituitary adenomas.
Define: CT scan of adrenal glands
A detailed imaging test that uses X-rays to create cross-sectional images of the adrenal glands to identify tumors or other abnormalities. A CT scan of adrenal glands can reveal adrenal tumors or hyperplasia.
Define: Ultrasound of thyroid
An imaging test that uses sound waves to create images of the thyroid gland, often used to evaluate nodules or enlargement. A ultrasound of thyroid can help determine the nature of thyroid nodules.
Define: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy
A procedure that uses a thin needle to extract a small sample of tissue from a lump or mass for examination under a microscope. A fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of a thyroid nodule can help determine if it is benign or malignant.
Define: Insulin therapy
The administration of insulin to manage blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes. Insulin therapy is essential for patients with type 1 diabetes to maintain normal glucose levels.
Define: Oral hypoglycemics
Medications taken by mouth to lower blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Oral hypoglycemics can help manage blood sugar levels effectively in diabetic patients.
Define: Metformin
An oral medication commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing glucose production in the liver. Metformin is often the first-line treatment for managing type 2 diabetes.
Define: Sulfonylureas
A class of oral medications that stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin, used to treat type 2 diabetes. Sulfonylureas can effectively lower blood sugar levels in diabetic patients.
Define: GLP-1 receptor agonists
A class of medications that mimic incretin hormones to stimulate insulin secretion, slow gastric emptying, and promote satiety in type 2 diabetes management. GLP-1 receptor agonists can help with weight loss in addition to lowering blood glucose.
Define: DPP-4 inhibitors
A class of oral medications that inhibit the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4, increasing incretin levels and helping to control blood sugar in type 2 diabetes. DPP-4 inhibitors are often used alongside other diabetes medications.
Define: SGLT2 inhibitors
A class of medications that prevent glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, promoting glucose excretion in urine and lowering blood sugar levels. SGLT2 inhibitors can also reduce the risk of heart failure in diabetic patients.
Define: Thyroid hormone replacement (levothyroxine)
A medication used to replace or supplement thyroid hormone in individuals with hypothyroidism, helping to regulate metabolism. Patients with hypothyroidism often require thyroid hormone replacement (levothyroxine) for proper metabolic function.
Define: Antithyroid drugs (methimazole, propylthiouracil)
Medications used to treat hyperthyroidism by reducing the production of thyroid hormones. Antithyroid drugs (methimazole, propylthiouracil) can help manage symptoms of overactive thyroid.
Define: Corticosteroids
Synthetic drugs that mimic cortisol, used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system in various conditions. Corticosteroids can be prescribed for conditions like asthma and autoimmune disorders.
Define: Mineralocorticoids
A class of steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex that regulate sodium and potassium balance, influencing blood pressure. Mineralocorticoids play a crucial role in managing electrolyte levels in the body.
Define: Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
A treatment to relieve symptoms of menopause or hormonal imbalances by supplementing estrogen, progesterone, or testosterone. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can help alleviate hot flashes and other menopausal symptoms.
Define: Growth hormone therapy
A treatment that involves administering growth hormone to individuals with growth hormone deficiency to promote growth and development. Growth hormone therapy is often used in children with growth disorders.
Define: Desmopressin (DDAVP)
A synthetic form of vasopressin used to treat diabetes insipidus and certain bleeding disorders by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys. Desmopressin (DDAVP) is often prescribed to manage symptoms of diabetes insipidus.
Define: Beta-blockers (for hyperthyroidism)
Medications that block the effects of adrenaline, used to manage symptoms such as rapid heart rate and anxiety in patients with hyperthyroidism. Beta-blockers (for hyperthyroidism) can help alleviate palpitations and tremors.
Define: Radioactive iodine therapy
A treatment for hyperthyroidism that involves administering radioactive iodine to destroy overactive thyroid cells. Radioactive iodine therapy is a common treatment for Graves' disease.