StudyXY
RegisterLog in
Medicine /Medical Terminology: Urinary System Part 4

Medical Terminology: Urinary System Part 4

Medicine20 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

This deck covers key terms and diagnostic tests related to the urinary system, providing definitions and explanations for various medical conditions and procedures.

PrintEmbedImportReport

Define: Oliguria

A reduced urine output, often indicating dehydration or kidney dysfunction. Oliguria can be a critical sign of acute kidney injury.
Tap or swipe ↕ to flip
Swipe ←→Navigate
SSpeak
FFocus
1/20

Key Terms

Term
Definition
Define: Oliguria
A reduced urine output, often indicating dehydration or kidney dysfunction. Oliguria can be a critical sign of acute kidney injury.
Define: Anuria
The absence of urine production, which can indicate severe kidney failure or obstruction. Anuria is a medical emergency requiring immediate evaluation...
Define: Incontinence
The inability to control urination, leading to involuntary leakage of urine. Incontinence can significantly impact a person's social and emotional wel...
Define: Enuresis
Involuntary urination, especially during sleep, commonly referred to as bedwetting in children. Enuresis can be distressing for both children and thei...
Define: Azotemia
An accumulation of nitrogenous waste products in the blood, often indicative of kidney dysfunction. Azotemia can result from acute or chronic kidney d...
Define: Urinalysis
A laboratory test that analyzes urine to detect abnormalities and assess overall health. Urinalysis can provide valuable information about kidney func...
Log in to view all terms

Related Flashcard Decks

Medicine

Psychotherapy: 85b - Neurological Diseases in Women

This flashcard set explains how fluctuations in sex hormones—particularly estrogen and progesterone—affect seizure frequency in epilepsy, trigger menstrually related migraines, and influence immune activity in multiple sclerosis (MS). It highlights the role of estrogen in inflammatory responses and the protective shift seen during pregnancy.

21 cards
View Deck
Medicine

Psychotherapy: 84b - Brain States and Coma

This flashcard set outlines different levels of impaired consciousness—obtundation, stupor, and coma—ranked from most to least responsive. It also defines brain death as a clinical diagnosis marked by the absence of all brainstem reflexes and purposeful responses, distinguishing it from states where minimal reflexive or autonomic functions may still occur.

10 cards
View Deck
Medicine

Psychotherapy: Clinical Medicine

This flashcard set identifies and differentiates disorganized thought processes such as flight of ideas and loose associations, which are key indicators in diagnosing mental health conditions like mania and schizophrenia. It also situates these features within the thought process section of the mental status exam.

11 cards
View Deck
Medicine

USMLE - Micro Viruses

Reassortment occurs when viruses with segmented genomes exchange genetic segments, creating new combinations. This can lead to rapid evolution, high-frequency recombination, and potentially global pandemics. A common example is the influenza virus.

123 cards
View Deck
Medicine

USMLE - Micro Mycology

Includes Histoplasma, Blastomyces, Coccidioides, and Paracoccidioides, which cause pneumonia and systemic dissemination

13 cards
View Deck
Medicine

USMLE - Reproduction Part 4

Cryptorchidism is the failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum, often seen in premature infants. It leads to impaired spermatogenesis due to higher abdominal temperatures but usually normal testosterone if unilateral. It is associated with an increased risk of germ cell tumors, and labs may show ↑ FSH, ↑ LH, ↓ inhibin B, and ↓ testosterone if bilateral.

16 cards
View Deck

Study Tips

  • Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
  • Review cards regularly to improve retention
  • Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
  • Share this deck with friends to study together
Medical Terminology: Urinary System Part 4
TermDefinition
Define: Oliguria
A reduced urine output, often indicating dehydration or kidney dysfunction. Oliguria can be a critical sign of acute kidney injury.
Define: Anuria
The absence of urine production, which can indicate severe kidney failure or obstruction. Anuria is a medical emergency requiring immediate evaluation.
Define: Incontinence
The inability to control urination, leading to involuntary leakage of urine. Incontinence can significantly impact a person's social and emotional well-being.
Define: Enuresis
Involuntary urination, especially during sleep, commonly referred to as bedwetting in children. Enuresis can be distressing for both children and their parents.
Define: Azotemia
An accumulation of nitrogenous waste products in the blood, often indicative of kidney dysfunction. Azotemia can result from acute or chronic kidney disease.
Define: Urinalysis
A laboratory test that analyzes urine to detect abnormalities and assess overall health. Urinalysis can provide valuable information about kidney function and metabolic disorders.
Define: Dipstick test
A quick screening test using a chemically treated strip to evaluate urine for various substances. The dipstick test can indicate the presence of glucose or protein in the urine.
Define: Microscopic urine examination
A laboratory test that examines urine under a microscope to identify cells, crystals, and other components. Microscopic urine examination can help diagnose conditions like urinary tract infections.
Define: Culture and sensitivity test
A laboratory test that detects the presence of bacteria in urine and determines their sensitivity to antibiotics. Culture and sensitivity tests guide appropriate antibiotic treatment for UTIs.
Define: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
A blood test that measures the amount of urea nitrogen, an indicator of kidney function and protein metabolism. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels can suggest impaired kidney function.
Define: Serum creatinine test
A blood test that measures the level of creatinine, used to assess kidney function. Serum creatinine test results can indicate the presence of kidney disease.
Define: Creatinine clearance test
A test that estimates the kidneys' ability to filter creatinine from the blood, reflecting overall kidney function. The creatinine clearance test is often used to evaluate kidney health.
Define: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation
A calculation used to estimate kidney function based on serum creatinine levels, age, gender, and race. GFR estimation is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring kidney disease.
Define: 24-hour urine collection
A test that measures all urine produced in a 24-hour period to evaluate kidney function and detect abnormalities. 24-hour urine collection is often used to assess proteinuria.
Define: Urine specific gravity
A measure of the concentration of solutes in urine, indicating the kidney's ability to concentrate urine. Urine specific gravity can help assess hydration status and kidney function.
Define: Renal ultrasound
A non-invasive imaging test that uses sound waves to visualize the kidneys and urinary tract. Renal ultrasound can help identify kidney stones or cysts.
Define: CT scan (for kidneys/urinary tract)
A detailed imaging test that uses X-rays to create cross-sectional images of the kidneys and urinary tract. A CT scan can provide clear images to diagnose kidney abnormalities.
Define: MRI (renal imaging)
An imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the kidneys and surrounding structures. MRI (renal imaging) is useful for evaluating complex kidney conditions.
Define: Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
An X-ray exam that uses contrast dye injected into a vein to visualize the kidneys and urinary tract. IVP helps assess kidney function and detect obstructions.
Define: Cystoscopy
A procedure that uses a thin tube with a camera to visualize the inside of the bladder and urethra. During cystoscopy, the doctor can identify abnormalities or collect tissue samples.