Nursing /Medical Terminology: Urinary System Part 5
Medical Terminology: Urinary System Part 5
This deck covers essential medical terminology related to the urinary system, including diagnostic tests, treatments, and procedures. It is designed to help students understand and remember key concepts in urinary system healthcare.
Define: Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
A special X-ray test that visualizes the bladder and urethra while the bladder is filled and during urination. VCUG is used to evaluate urinary function and detect reflux.
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Define: Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
A special X-ray test that visualizes the bladder and urethra while the bladder is filled and during urination. VCUG is used to evaluate urinary functi...
Define: Urodynamic testing
A series of tests to evaluate how well the bladder and urethra store and release urine. Urodynamic testing can help diagnose causes of incontinence.
Define: Biopsy (renal biopsy)
A procedure to remove a small sample of kidney tissue for examination under a microscope to diagnose diseases. Biopsy (renal biopsy) is often performe...
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Define: Dialysis
A medical treatment that artificially removes waste products and excess fluid from the blood when kidneys are not functioning properly. Dialysis can b...
Define: Hemodialysis
A type of dialysis that filters blood through a machine to remove waste and excess fluids. Hemodialysis typically requires three sessions per week to ...
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Define: Peritoneal dialysis
A type of dialysis that uses the lining of the abdominal cavity to filter waste from the blood. Peritoneal dialysis can be performed at home, offering...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Define: Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) | A special X-ray test that visualizes the bladder and urethra while the bladder is filled and during urination. VCUG is used to evaluate urinary function and detect reflux. |
Define: Urodynamic testing | A series of tests to evaluate how well the bladder and urethra store and release urine. Urodynamic testing can help diagnose causes of incontinence. |
Define: Biopsy (renal biopsy) | A procedure to remove a small sample of kidney tissue for examination under a microscope to diagnose diseases. Biopsy (renal biopsy) is often performed to assess unexplained kidney dysfunction. |
Define: Dialysis | A medical treatment that artificially removes waste products and excess fluid from the blood when kidneys are not functioning properly. Dialysis can be life-saving for patients with acute or chronic renal failure. |
Define: Hemodialysis | A type of dialysis that filters blood through a machine to remove waste and excess fluids. Hemodialysis typically requires three sessions per week to maintain kidney function. |
Define: Peritoneal dialysis | A type of dialysis that uses the lining of the abdominal cavity to filter waste from the blood. Peritoneal dialysis can be performed at home, offering more flexibility for patients. |
Define: Catheterization | The insertion of a catheter into the bladder to drain urine or for other medical purposes. Catheterization may be necessary for patients with urinary retention. |
Define: Nephrectomy | Surgical removal of a kidney, often performed to treat kidney tumors or severe kidney disease. Nephrectomy may be indicated in cases of renal cancer. |
Define: Lithotripsy | A non-invasive procedure that uses shock waves to break up kidney stones into smaller pieces for easier passage. Lithotripsy is often used to treat larger stones that cannot pass on their own. |
Define: Stent placement (ureteral stent) | The insertion of a small tube into the ureter to keep it open and facilitate urine flow, often used to relieve obstruction. Stent placement can help manage urinary obstructions due to stones or tumors. |
Define: Bladder irrigation | The process of flushing the bladder with a sterile solution to remove debris or prevent infection. Bladder irrigation is often performed after surgery or during treatment for infection. |
Define: Antibiotics (for UTIs) | Medications used to treat urinary tract infections by killing or inhibiting the growth of bacteria. Antibiotics are commonly prescribed for patients diagnosed with UTIs. |
Define: Diuretics | Medications that promote the excretion of urine, often used to manage fluid retention and hypertension. Diuretics can help reduce blood pressure by decreasing blood volume. |
Define: Immunosuppressive therapy (for nephritis) | Treatment that suppresses the immune system to reduce inflammation in the kidneys, often used in autoimmune conditions. Immunosuppressive therapy is critical for managing severe nephritis. |
Define: ACE inhibitors (for proteinuria/CKD) | Medications that inhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme, helping to lower blood pressure and reduce protein loss in urine. ACE inhibitors are commonly prescribed for patients with chronic kidney disease. |
Define: Fluid restriction | A dietary management strategy that limits fluid intake to prevent overload in patients with kidney or heart conditions. Fluid restriction is often necessary for patients with end-stage renal disease. |
Define: Electrolyte management | The monitoring and adjustment of electrolyte levels in the body, crucial for patients with kidney dysfunction. Electrolyte management is essential for maintaining heart and muscle function. |
Define: Kidney transplant | A surgical procedure to replace a diseased kidney with a healthy kidney from a donor. Kidney transplant can significantly improve the quality of life for patients with end-stage renal failure. |
Define: Foley catheter | A flexible tube inserted into the bladder to drain urine, often used for patients who cannot urinate normally. Foley catheters are commonly used in hospitals for short-term urinary management. |
Define: Micturition | The act of urination, involving the expulsion of urine from the bladder through the urethra. Micturition is a complex process controlled by the nervous system. |