Operant Conditioning and Learning Concepts Part 2
This deck covers key concepts in operant conditioning and related learning theories, including latent learning, cognitive maps, insight learning, and social cognitive learning.
Latent learning can be best be described as:
A. Learning that depends on the mental process
B. Learning that is not immediately reflected in a behavior change.
C. A learning technique that provides precise information about one's inner bodily functions
D. Learning that is based on rewards and punishments
E. A type of learning that occurs after the behavior has already been done.
B. Choice (B) is the definition of latent learning. Often humans and animals need motivation or good reason to show their behavior, which does not mean they have not learned the behavior.
Key Terms
Latent learning can be best be described as:
A. Learning that depends on the mental process
B. Learning that is not immediately reflected in a behavior change.
C. A learning technique that provides precise information about one's inner bodily functions
D. Learning that is based on rewards and punishments
E. A type of learning that occurs after the behavior has already been done.
B. Choice (B) is the definition of latent learning. Often humans and animals need motivation or good reason to show their behavior, which does not ...
Thorndike's law if effect neglects the inner drives or motives that makes learners pursue the "satisfying state," allowing learners to reach their goals. Which of the following psychologists would have agreed with that statement?
A. Kohler
B. Pavlov
C. Tolman
D. Skinner
E. Watson
C. Edward's Tolman's theory of latent learning suggested that the concept of response needed to include a range of behaviors that would allow learn...
Which of the following scenarios is the best example of a cognitive map?
A. A dog sits by the window an hour before her owner should return home.
B. A little girl remembers to get her jacket before leaving for school.
C. A boy follows his big sister home on his bicycle
D. When asked for directions to his job, a man recites them in great detail.
E. A teacher remembers all the names of her students
D. A cognitive map is a learned mental image of a spatial environment.
A chimpanzee is in a cage with a banana on the ground just out of his reach outside of the cage. After a period of inaction, the chimp suddenly grabs the stick in the cage, pokes it through the cage, and drags the banana within reach. This type of learning is called:
A. Insight
B. Latent
C. Cognitive
D. Operant
E. Observational
A. Insight is learning that occurs rapidly based on understanding all the elements of a problem.
Harry Harlow's goal was to get his monkeys to figure out that in any set of six trials, the food was always under the same box. Initially the monkeys chose the boxes randomly, sometimes finding food and sometimes not. However, after a while their behavior changed: after two consistent trials of finding the correct box, they continually went back to the same box. Harlow concluded that the monkeys had "learned how to learn." According to Harlow the monkeys established:
A. Cognitive maps
B. Reinforces
C. Cognitive sets
D. Learned maps
E. Learning sets
Which of the following statements best exemplifies the idea behind social cognitive learning?
(A) Learning occurs when we see someone else being punished for a behavior.
(B) Learning is likely to happen whether we see someone else punished or rewarded for behavior.
(C) Learning occurs when we see someone else being rewarded for behavior.
(D) Learning is simply based on observation.
(E) Learning is based on external rewards and behaviors.
B. Social cognitive learning is the ability to learn by observation without firsthand experience. It does not specify that a person must observe re...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Latent learning can be best be described as: | B. Choice (B) is the definition of latent learning. Often humans and animals need motivation or good reason to show their behavior, which does not mean they have not learned the behavior. |
Thorndike's law if effect neglects the inner drives or motives that makes learners pursue the "satisfying state," allowing learners to reach their goals. Which of the following psychologists would have agreed with that statement? | C. Edward's Tolman's theory of latent learning suggested that the concept of response needed to include a range of behaviors that would allow learners to reach their goals. Tolman felt that learning usually occurs before the goal is reached. |
Which of the following scenarios is the best example of a cognitive map? | D. A cognitive map is a learned mental image of a spatial environment. |
A chimpanzee is in a cage with a banana on the ground just out of his reach outside of the cage. After a period of inaction, the chimp suddenly grabs the stick in the cage, pokes it through the cage, and drags the banana within reach. This type of learning is called: | A. Insight is learning that occurs rapidly based on understanding all the elements of a problem. |
Harry Harlow's goal was to get his monkeys to figure out that in any set of six trials, the food was always under the same box. Initially the monkeys chose the boxes randomly, sometimes finding food and sometimes not. However, after a while their behavior changed: after two consistent trials of finding the correct box, they continually went back to the same box. Harlow concluded that the monkeys had "learned how to learn." According to Harlow the monkeys established: | E. Learning sets |
Which of the following statements best exemplifies the idea behind social cognitive learning? | B. Social cognitive learning is the ability to learn by observation without firsthand experience. It does not specify that a person must observe reward behavior. |
In Albert Bandura's "BoBo Doll" experiment, which group of children spontaneously acted aggressively toward the doll rather quickly? | (A) Model- reward condition. Being rewarded for doing what the model did. |
Which of the following psychologists would argue that learning can take place when someone is watching another person and performs that behavior even when not reinforced. | E. Albert Bandura is the most prominent proponent of social cognitive learning which emphasizes learning through observation. |
Which of the following responses is not learned through operant conditioning? | D. Learning to walk is an innate behavior not done to get a reward or avoid a punishment. |
While taking his math placement test, Spencer became stuck on one problem. With five minutes left, he suddenly arrived at the answer. This is an example of... | B. Insight learning occurs rapidly as a result of understanding all the elements of a problem. In this case, Spencer suddenly arrived at the answer after working out the elements of the math problem. |
After several attempts at escape with no success, the electrically shocked dogs give up. At that moment the gates open and the dogs could simply walk out, but they don't; instead they just sit there. This could most likely | D. Learned helplessness is defined as a failure to take steps avoid or escape from an aversion stimulus. |
After overcoming her fear of the dentist, Jada finds out she needs a root canal. On her way to the dentist's office, her old fears and anxieties return and she begins to panic. This is an example of: | B. Spontaneous Recovery is the reappearance of an extinguished response after some time has passed. |
Salina receives a one-thousand-dollar bonus at her job after she sold the most cars this month. The one-thousand-dollar bonus is an example of a: | B. Secondary Reinforcers are things that we like but are not biological needs like food. Money can be used to acquire primary reinforcers which makes it a secondary reinforcer. |