Nutrition /Pharm Y2S2 - Nutrition Part 1
Why are vitamins and minerals required in the body?
They play a key role as co-factors or co-enzymes in mot metabolic reactions
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Why are vitamins and minerals required in the body?
They play a key role as co-factors or co-enzymes in mot metabolic reactions
Give examples of water soluble vitamins
Vit C - ascorbic acid Vit B 1 - Thiamine Vit B 2 - Riboflavin Vit B3 - Niacin / Nicotinic acid Vit B 5 - Pantothenic acid Vit B 6 - Pyridoxine Vit...
Give examples of fat soluble vitamins
Vit A - retinol Vit D - Cholecalciferol Vit E - 𝜶 tocopherol Vit K - Phytomendione
Where are water soluble vitamins absorbed?
In the duodenum
Where are fat soluble vitamins absorbed?
In the ileum
What absorbs Vit B12?
Intrisic factor in the ileum
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Why are vitamins and minerals required in the body? | They play a key role as co-factors or co-enzymes in mot metabolic reactions |
Give examples of water soluble vitamins | Vit C - ascorbic acid Vit B 1 - Thiamine Vit B 2 - Riboflavin Vit B3 - Niacin / Nicotinic acid Vit B 5 - Pantothenic acid Vit B 6 - Pyridoxine Vit B 7 - Biotin Vit B 9 - Folic acid Vit B 12 - Cyanocobalamin |
Give examples of fat soluble vitamins | Vit A - retinol Vit D - Cholecalciferol Vit E - 𝜶 tocopherol Vit K - Phytomendione |
Where are water soluble vitamins absorbed? | In the duodenum |
Where are fat soluble vitamins absorbed? | In the ileum |
What absorbs Vit B12? | Intrisic factor in the ileum |
Apart from the diet, what is another source of Vit D? | Sunlight |
What does Vit A deficiency cause? | Poor night vision |
What does Vit B1 deficiency cause? | Wernickes encephalopathy |
What does Vit B7 deficiency cause? | Hair loss Anaemia |
What does Vit B9 deficiency cause? | Megaloblastic anaemia Neural tube defects |
What does Vit B12 deficiency cause? | Pernicious anaemia Peripheral neuropathy |
What does Vit C deficiency cause? | Painful joints Scurvy |
What does Vit D deficiency cause? | Rickets Osteoporosis |
What does Vit K deficiency cause? | Abnormal clotting |
What do folic acid supplements do in pregnancy? | Prevent neural tube defects - spina bifida |
What dose of folic acid should given to a woman with no previous history of neural tube defects? | 400mcg OD until 12th week |
When should a woman be given a dose of 5mg folic acid? | Previous history of neural tube defects - Epilepsy / on anti-epileptics |
What are minerals and trace elements required for? | Formations of bones and teeth Body fluids and tissues Enzyme systems Nerve function Blood constituents |
Give examples of minerals | Calcium Magnesium Phosphorous Sodium Potassium Required in large amounts |
Give examples of trace elements | Iron Zinc Iodine Fluoride Selenium Copper |
What does potassium and magnesium deficiency cause? | Cardiac arrhythmias |
What does calcium and magnesium deficiency cause? | Osteoporosis Muscle cramps Tetany |
What does zinc deficiency cause? | Hair loss Poor wound healing |
What does iron deficiency cause? | Anaemia |