Psychology Chapters 1-14 Part 14

Answer: A developmental behavior disorder characterized by problems with focus, difficulty maintaining attention, and inability to concentrate, in which symptoms start before 13 years of age.

Answer: A disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication and by restricted and repetitive behavior and in which symptoms begin before 7 years of age.

Answer: The nervousness or agitation that we sometimes experience, often about something that is going to happen.

Answer: A psychological disturbance marked by irrational fears, often of everyday objects and situations.

Answer: A psychological disorder diagnosed in situations in which a person has been excessively worrying about money, health, work, family life, or relationships for at least 6 months, even though he or she knows that the concerns are exaggerated, and when the anxiety causes significant distress and dysfunction.

Answer: A psychological disorder characterized by sudden attacks of anxiety and terror that have led to significant behavioral changes in the person's life.

Answer: A specific fear of a certain object, situation, or activity.

Answer: Extreme shyness around people or discomfort in social situations.

Answer: Anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing or in which help may not be available.

Answer: fear of heights

Answer: fear of situations in which escape is difficult

Answer: fear of spiders

Answer: fear of thunder and lightening

Answer: fear of closed-in spaces

Answer: fear of dogs

Answer: fear of germs and dirt

Answer: fear of snakes

Answer: fear of flying

Answer: fear of injections

Answer: fear of small animals

Answer: A psychological disorder that is diagnosed when an individual continuously experiences distressing or frightening thoughts, and engages in obsessions (repetitive thoughts) or compulsions (repetitive behaviors) in an attempt to calm these thoughts.

Answer: A condition that involves disruptions or breakdowns of memory, awareness, and identity.

Answer: A psychological disorder that involves extensive, but selective, memory loss, but in which there is no physiological explanation for the forgetting.

Answer: A psychological disorder in which an individual loses complete memory of his or her identity and may even assume a new one, often far from home.

Answer: A psychological disorder in which two or more distinct and individual personalities exist in the same person, and there is memory disruption regarding personal information about the other personalities.

Answer: The positive or negative feelings that are in the background of our everyday experiences.

Answer: Psychological conditions in which the person's mood influences his or her physical, perceptual, social, and cognitive processes.

Answer: A psychological disorder characterized by mild, but chronic, depressive symptoms that last for at least 2 years.

Answer: A psychological disorder characterized by an all-encompassing low mood accompanied by low self-esteem and by loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities.

Answer: A psychological disorder characterized by swings in mood from overly "high" to sad and hopeless, and back again, with periods of near-normal mood in between.

Answer: A serious psychological disorder marked by delusions, hallucinations, loss of contact with reality, inappropriate affect, disorganized speech, social withdrawal, and deterioration of adaptive behavior.

Answer: A psychological condition characterized by a loss of contact with reality.

Answer: An imaginary sensation that occurs in the absence of a real stimulus or that is a gross distortion of a real stimulus.

Answer: A false belief not commonly shared by others within one's culture, and maintained even though it is obviously out of touch with reality.

Answer: A condition characterized by inflexible patterns of thinking, feeling, or relating to others that causes problems in personal, social, and work situations.

Answer: A condition characterized by a prolonged disturbance of personality accompanied by mood swings, unstable personal relationships, identity problems, threats of self-destructive behavior, fears of abandonment, and impulsivity.

Answer: A condition characterized by a pervasive pattern of violation of the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood.

Answer: A psychological disorder in which a person experiences numerous long-lasting but seemingly unrelated physical ailments that have no identifiable physical cause.

Answer: A psychological disorder in which patients experience specific neurological symptoms such as numbness, blindness, or paralysis, but where no neurological explanation exists.

Answer: A psychological disorder accompanied by excessive worry about having a serious illness.

Answer: A psychological disorder in which participants fake physical symptoms in large part because they enjoy the attention and treatment that they receive in the hospital.

Answer: A psychological disorder that occurs when the physical sexual response cycle is inadequate for reproduction or for sexual enjoyment.

Answer: Persistently or recurrently deficient (or absent) sexual fantasies and desire for sexual activity

Answer: Persistent or recurrent extreme aversion to, and avoidance of, all (or almost all) genital sexual contact with a sexual partner

Answer: Persistent or recurrent inability to attain, or to maintain until completion of the sexual activity, an adequate lubrication-swelling response of sexual excitement

Answer: Persistent or recurrent inability to attain or maintain an adequate erection until completion of the sexual activity

Answer: Persistent or recurrent delay in, or absence of, orgasm following a normal sexual excitement phase

Answer: Persistent or recurrent delay in, or absence of, orgasm following a normal sexual excitement phase during sexual activity

Answer: Persistent or recurrent ejaculation with minimal sexual stimulation before, on, or shortly after penetration and before the person wishes it

Answer: Recurrent or persistent genital pain associated with sexual intercourse in either a male or a female

Answer: Recurrent or persistent involuntary spasm of the musculature of the outer third of the vagina that interferes with sexual intercourse

Answer: Identification with a sex.

Answer: A psychological disorder in which the individual displays a repeated and strong desire to be the other sex, a persistent discomfort with one's sex, and a belief that one was born the wrong sex, accompanied by significant dysfunction and distress.

Answer: A psychological disorder in which sexual arousal is obtained from a consistent pattern of inappropriate responses to objects or people, and in which the behaviors associated with the feelings are distressing and dysfunctional.

Answer: Professional treatment for psychological disorder through techniques designed to encourage communication of conflicts and insight.

Answer: A psychological treatment based on Freudian and neo-Freudian personality theories in which the therapist helps the patient explore the unconscious dynamics of personality.

Answer: A technique of psychotherapy in which the therapist uses the patient's expressed thoughts to understand the underlying unconscious problems.

Answer: A technique of psychotherapy in which the therapist listens while the client talks about whatever comes to mind, without any censorship or filtering.

Answer: A technique of psychotherapy in which the therapist listens while the client describes his or her dreams and then analyzes the symbolism of the dreams.

Answer: An understanding in psychotherapy of the unconscious causes of the disorder.

Answer: An occurrence in psychotherapy in which the patient uses defense mechanisms to avoid the painful feelings in his or her unconscious.

Answer: An occurrence in psychotherapy in which the patient redirects feelings experienced in an important personal relationship toward the therapist.

Answer: A psychological treatment based on the personality theories of Carl Rogers and other humanistic psychologists.

Answer: An approach to treatment in which the client is helped to grow and develop as the therapist provides a comfortable, nonjudgmental environment.

Answer: A relationship between patient and client that occurs when the therapist is genuine, treats the client with unconditional positive regard, and develops empathy with the client.

Answer: A structured approach to treatment that attempts to reduce psychological disorders through systematic procedures based on cognitive and behavioral principles.

Answer: Psychological treatment that is based on principles of learning.

Answer: A behavioral therapy based on the classical conditioning principle of extinction in which people are confronted with a feared stimulus with the goal of decreasing their negative emotional responses to it.

Answer: A behavioral treatment that combines imagining or experiencing the feared object or situation with relaxation exercises.

Answer: A behavioral therapy in which positive punishment is used to reduce the frequency of an undesirable behavior.

Answer: A psychological treatment that helps clients identify incorrect or distorted beliefs that are contributing to disorder.

Answer: An approach to treatment in which the therapist uses whichever techniques seem most useful and relevant for a given patient.

Answer: Treatments designed to reduce psychological disorder by influencing the action of the central nervous system.

Answer: treats attention- deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Answer: treats depression and anxiety disorders

Answer: treats bipolar disorder

Answer: treats anxiety, panic, and mood disorders

Answer: Schizophrenia

Answer: Drugs designed to improve moods.

Answer: Drugs designed to help relieve fear or anxiety.

Answer: Drugs that treat the symptoms of schizophrenia and related disorders.

Answer: A medical procedure designed to alleviate psychological disorder in which electric currents are passed through the brain, deliberately triggering a brief seizure.

Answer: A medical procedure designed to reduce psychological disorder that uses a pulsing magnetic coil to electrically stimulate the brain.

Answer: Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in the hope of improving disorder.

Answer: Psychotherapy in which clients receive psychological treatment together with others.

Answer: A voluntary association of people who share a common desire to overcome psychological disorder or improve their well-being.

Answer: Psychological treatments and interventions that are distributed at the community level. The focus of community mental health services is prevention.

Answer: The social, environmental, and economic vulnerabilities that make it more likely than average that a given individual will develop a disorder.

Answer: Studies that assess the effectiveness of medical treatments.

Answer: A statistical technique that uses the results of existing studies to integrate and draw conclusions about those studies.