Psychology /Psychotherapy: 103b - Autism Spectrum Disorders

Psychotherapy: 103b - Autism Spectrum Disorders

Psychology9 CardsCreated about 6 hours ago

This set summarizes the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and highlights positive prognostic factors associated with better outcomes. Diagnosis requires specific deficits in social communication and the presence of repetitive behaviors, with early developmental onset.

Describe the DSM-5 criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder

  • Persistent deficits in social communication and social interactions including (need all 3)

    • Feficts in social emotional reciprocity

    • Deficits in nonverbal communication

    • Deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships

  • At least 2 symptoms of restricted and repetitive behaviors/stereotyped patterns of interest that are abnormal in intensity or focus

Symptoms must be present in early developmen (0-3 years)

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

Describe the DSM-5 criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder

  • Persistent deficits in social communication and social interactions including (need all 3)

    • Feficts in so...

What are the positive prognostic factors for Autism Spectrum Disorder?

  • Normal IQ

  • Mild social disability

  • Involved caregivers

  • Better language skills

What is the age of onset for Autism Spectrum Disorder?

0-3 years

Symptoms must be present in early development

How does social pragmatic communication disorder differ from autism spectrum disorder?

Social pragmatic communication disorder

  • Does not have restrictive, repetitive patterns of behavior

  • Do...

How can aggression, temper outburst, and/or self injurious behavior sometimes found in ASD be managed pharmacologically?

  • Atypical antipsychotics

    • Risperidone, aripiprazole

  • Alpha-2 agnoists

    • Clonidine, ...

How does selective mutism differ from autism spectrum disorder?

  • Selective mutism

    • Silence only in the presence of unfamiliar people

    • Has social relationshi...

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TermDefinition

Describe the DSM-5 criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder

  • Persistent deficits in social communication and social interactions including (need all 3)

    • Feficts in social emotional reciprocity

    • Deficits in nonverbal communication

    • Deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships

  • At least 2 symptoms of restricted and repetitive behaviors/stereotyped patterns of interest that are abnormal in intensity or focus

Symptoms must be present in early developmen (0-3 years)

What are the positive prognostic factors for Autism Spectrum Disorder?

  • Normal IQ

  • Mild social disability

  • Involved caregivers

  • Better language skills

~1/3 of all people with ASD may function independently as adults

What is the age of onset for Autism Spectrum Disorder?

0-3 years

Symptoms must be present in early development

How does social pragmatic communication disorder differ from autism spectrum disorder?

Social pragmatic communication disorder

  • Does not have restrictive, repetitive patterns of behavior

  • Does have persistent deficits in social communication, social interaction across multiple context

    • Similar to ASD

Social pragmatic communication disorder = social impairments, but not ASD

How can aggression, temper outburst, and/or self injurious behavior sometimes found in ASD be managed pharmacologically?

  • Atypical antipsychotics

    • Risperidone, aripiprazole

  • Alpha-2 agnoists

    • Clonidine, guanfacine

How does selective mutism differ from autism spectrum disorder?

  • Selective mutism

    • Silence only in the presence of unfamiliar people

    • Has social relationships at home

    • No characteristic restrictive/repetitive/stereotyped behaviors of ASD

  • ASD

    • Deficts in communication with familiar and unfamiliar people

    • Difficulty forming social relationships, even at home

    • Characteristic restrictive/repetitive/stereotyped behaviors

What restricted, repetitive behaviors / steroptyped patterns of interest may be found in a person with Autism Spectrum Disorder?

  • Repetitive motor movements, use of objects, speech

  • Insistence on sameness

    • Inflexible adherence to routines

    • Ritualized patterns of verbal and nonverbal behavior

  • Highly restricted, fixated interests

    • Abnormal in intensity or focus

  • Hyper- or hypo-reactivity to sensory input

What genetic conditions are associated with Autism? (4)

Fragile X

Tuberous sclerosis

Down syndrome

Rett syndrome (rare)

What is the most highly heritable metal disorder?

Autism spectrum disorder

(polygenic)