From which subshell is an electron removed to form the +1 cation? To which subshell is an electron added to form the -1 anion?

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: To determine the subshell from which an electron is removed to form a cation, we need to consider the electron configuration of the ion and compare it to the neutral atom. : The question asks about the subshell, so we should first write down the electron configuration in terms of subshells (s, p, d, f, ...) instead of orbitals (1s, 2p, 3d, 4f, ...). : If we remove one electron from this configuration to form a +1 cation, we get 1s² 2s² 2p⁴. : Comparing the cation's configuration to the neutral atom's configuration, we can see that the change occurred in the 2p subshell, as it went from having 5 electrons in the neutral atom to having 4 electrons in the cation. : Now let's consider forming a negative anion with a -1 charge. : Following a similar process as before, let's say we start with a neutral neon atom (Z = 10) with the electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶. : Comparing the anion's configuration to the neutral atom's configuration, we can see that the added electron went into the 3s subshell, as it was not present in the neutral atom but is present in the anion. An electron is removed from the 2p subshell to form a +1 cation, and an electron is added to the 3s subshell to form a -1 anion.

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Step 1
: To determine the subshell from which an electron is removed to form a cation, we need to consider the electron configuration of the ion and compare it to the neutral atom.

Step 2
: The question asks about the subshell, so we should first write down the electron configuration in terms of subshells (s, p, d, f, ...) instead of orbitals (1s, 2p, 3d, 4f, ...).

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