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What does Thoreau mean by the statement, "The mass of men lead lives of quiet desperation," and what does he believe is the cause?
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Answer

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Step 1
I'll analyze Thoreau's famous quote from "Walden" with a structured, scholarly approach:

Step 2
: Context and Interpretation

Thoreau is critiquing the societal norms and economic structures of mid- 19th century America. By "quiet desperation," he means that most people: - Conform to societal expectations - Work jobs they dislike - Pursue material wealth over personal fulfillment - Suppress their true desires and potential

Final Answer

Thoreau argues that most people unconsciously accept unfulfilling lives, suppressing their true potential due to economic pressures, social expectations, and fear of deviation from established norms. His statement critiques a society that values conformity over individual authenticity and spiritual growth.