AP Physics 1 Premium, 2023: 4 Practice Tests + Comprehensive Review + Online Practice (2022)

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© Copyright 2022, 2020, 2018, by Kaplan North America, LLC, DBA
Barron’s Educational Series
All rights reserved.
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About the Authors
Ken Rideout has a B.S. in Honors Physics from Purdue University and an
M.S. in Physics from Carnegie Mellon University. He has been teaching high
school physics for more than fifteen years in the Boston area and is currently
the science department head at Wayland High School in Wayland, MA.
Jonathan Wolf has been teaching physics at both the secondary school and
college levels for more than thirty-five years, and has also been an adjunct
assistant professor of astronomy at Hofstra University. He has published over
forty professional papers in the fields of astronomy, physics, and physics
education and served for more than ten years as assistant editor for The
Science Teachers Bulletin published by the Science Teachers Association of
New York State (STANYS). In addition to being the author of Barron’s AP
Physics B, he is also the author of Barron’s College Review: Physics and
previously was co-author of Barron’s SAT Subject Test in Physics. Jonathan
Wolf is currently an adjunct professor of physics at Fairleigh Dickinson
University.

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Table of Contents
About the Authors
How to Use This Book
Barron’s Essential 5
Preface
Introduction
Structure and Scope of the AP Physics Exams
Organization of This Book
Study Skills and Tips
Overview of AP Physics Concepts
DIAGNOSTIC TEST
AP Physics 1
Answer Key
Answers Explained
REVIEW AND PRACTICE
1 Vectors
Coordinate Systems and Frames of Reference
Vectors
Addition of Vectors
Subtraction of Vectors
Addition Methods Using the Components of Vectors
Practice Exercises
2 Kinematics
Average and Instantaneous Motion
Acceleration
Accelerated Motion Due to Gravity
Graphical Analysis of Motion

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Relative Motion
Horizontally Launched Projectiles
Projectiles Launched at an Angle
Uniform Circular Motion
Practice Exercises
3 Forces and Newton’s Laws of Motion
Forces
Newton’s Laws of Motion
Static Applications of Newton’s Laws
Free-Body Diagrams
How to Draw Effective Free-Body Diagrams
Dynamic Applications of Newton’s Laws
Central Forces
Friction
Practice Exercises
4 Energy
Work
Power
Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy Theorem
Potential Energy and Conservative Forces
Conservation of Energy and Systems
Practice Exercises
5 Gravitation
Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
Gravitational Energy
Practice Exercises
6 Impacts and Linear Momentum
Internal and External Forces
Impact Forces and Momentum Changes
The Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum
Elastic Collisions
Inelastic Collisions
Center of Mass
Practice Exercises
7 Rotational Motion
Parallel Forces and Moments
Torque
More Static Equilibrium Problems Using Forces and Torques

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Moment of Inertia
Angular Kinematics
Energy Considerations for Rolling Objects
Angular Momentum
Practice Exercises
8 Oscillatory Motion
Simple Harmonic Motion: A Mass on a Spring
Simple Harmonic Motion: A Simple Pendulum
The Dynamics of Simple Harmonic Motion
Practice Exercises
PRACTICE TESTS
Practice Test 1
Answer Key
Answers Explained
Test Analysis
Practice Test 2
Answer Key
Answers Explained
Test Analysis
APPENDIX
Table of Information for AP Physics 1
Formula Sheet for AP Physics 1
Glossary

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How to Use This Book
Diagnostic Test
First, take the Diagnostic Test to gain an understanding of your strengths and
weaknesses. Read the answer explanations for all questions, as they provide
valuable insight into correct and incorrect answers. Refer to the Answer Key
to identify the areas you need to brush up on. Here you can find the Topic
and Chapter numbers that correspond to each of the questions in the
Diagnostic Test.
Review and Practice
This book’s review chapters that align with the curriculum for the AP Physics
1 course. You may find it helpful to read the text along with your textbook
when you are first learning the material and studying for course exams, or
you may choose to read the chapters together as a review after you have
completed most of your AP Physics 1 course. By answering the practice
questions that follow each chapter, you will be able test your learning as you
progress through the book.
Practice Tests
The final section of the book offers the opportunity to take two full-length
practice tests that include all question types found on the actual exam. A
comprehensive answer explanation is provided for each question.
Online Practice

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BARRON’S ESSENTIAL 5
As you review the content in this book to work toward earning that 5 on your
AP Physics 1 exam, here are five things that you MUST know above
everything else:
1 Know your kinematics:
• Know the difference between velocity and speed, displacement and
distance.
• Know to use equations of motion only for problems involving
constant acceleration and to otherwise use graphical methods to
analyze the kinematics.
• Find hidden information within the problem (initial or final speeds of
zero, accelerations of 9.8 m/s2).
• Keep your x-and y-motions separate: the only connecting variable is
time.
2 Know your dynamics:
• Start all analyses with a free-body diagram.
• Align your coordinate system with the direction of acceleration (if
known).
• Be alert for situations that require a net force but no corresponding
change in speed (centripetal forces).
• Do not add additional forces in an ad hoc manner. Decide on the

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number of forces based on the object’s interactions, not its motion.
3 Know your conservation laws:
• If all the masses and motions of interacting particles are specified,
conserve the net values of energy, momentum, and angular
momentum.
• If the object in question is interacting with an object whose masses
and motions are unspecified, then use the interactions to calculate
changes in “conserved” quantities.
• When using conservation of energy, be alert to work done by
nonconservative forces.
• When using conservation of momenta, remember that both linear and
angular momenta are vector quantities.
4 Look for crosscutting questions:
• This exam is designed to probe for your understanding of the
connections between the various topics covered in a first year physics
class. It is not enough to be able to solve the “classic” problem types.
You must be able to solve multitiered problems (e.g., apply
conservation of angular momentum and dynamics at the same time
within one problem) and apply your knowledge to new situations.
5 Understand the underlying concepts:
• Be sure to understand how to explain the why’s, not just to calculate a
numerical solution. Novel situations or new types of problems can be
solved by students who understand the concepts behind the equations.

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Preface
In this review book, you will find all the material you need to review and
prepare for the AP Physics 1 exam, a first-year precalculus course. This book
is a newly updated, targeted, and enriched version of Barron’s AP Physics 1,
including the 2021 College Board update regarding the new scope of their
exam.
Each chapter has review questions that vary in style and level of difficulty.
These are intended to test your level of understanding of the review material.
Some of these chapter questions may be easier, harder, or in a slightly
different style from the actual AP exam as they are limited to the content of
that particular chapter. Likewise, each chapter has a mix of traditional
problem-solving examples as well as the more text-based and conceptual type
of questions that appear on the AP Physics 1 exam. The tests, on the other
hand, are broad in scope and draw from several different content areas at
once. Included in this book, as well as online, are several full-length practice
tests that mirror the actual AP exams in style, content, and difficulty. All
questions have full solutions and explanations provided. Before the review
chapters is a diagnostic test that can be used for practice or to guide you
specifically to certain content areas you may need to review before the AP
exam. Additional problem-solving strategies are provided throughout the
book.
I would like to thank my many students through the years who have made
my job as a physics teacher a real joy. Also, I especially want to thank my
wife, Irene, for her support throughout this project.
Ken Rideout
Wayland, Massachusetts
December 2022

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Introduction
Learning Objectives
In this chapter, you will learn about:
Units
Relationships and review of mathematics
Tips for answering multiple-choice questions
Tips for solving free-response questions
Experimental design questions
Graphs, fits, and the linearization of data
Uncertainty and percent error
The paragraph-length response
Study skills and scheduling your review
The seven big ideas
Objects versus systems
Structure and Scope of the AP Physics Exams
The College Board currently offers four AP Physics exams. This book is for
students preparing for the AP Physics 1 exam, which corresponds to a first-
year algebra-based college course. The other exams are AP Physics 2 (a
second-year algebra-based college course), AP Physics C Mechanics
(calculus based), and AP Physics C Electricity and Magnetism (also calculus
based). Note that the old AP Physics B exam is a retired test and is no longer
offered by the College Board. Both the AP Physics 1 and AP Physics 2
exams focus on conceptual underpinnings and basic scientific reasoning
along with the traditional problem-solving aspects of physics. In addition,

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both exams have questions that require experiential lab understanding.
Although there are some calculation-oriented questions, these two tests are
explicitly designed not to be “plug and chug” type questions. Students who
do not thoroughly understand the physics concepts behind the equations will
find themselves at a disadvantage.
AP Physics 1 Test Basics
■ 90 minutes for 50 multiple-choice questions
■ 90 minutes for 5 free-response questions
■ Calculator allowed throughout
■ Formula sheet and table of information provided throughout
The AP Physics 1 exam focuses on mechanics (including rotational
mechanics), the three conservation laws (energy, linear momentum, and
angular momentum), and oscillations. The AP Physics 2 exam picks up many
of the other topics typically found in an introductory sequence in college
physics and also covers some of the overlapping areas, such as force fields,
electricity, and waves. Formulas are provided for you during the test (see the
appendix). However, it is important that you not only know where and what
the provided equations mean, but you must also be able to determine quickly
under what situations the equations can and should be used. Even if a
question is conceptual, having a corresponding equation in mind can guide
your thinking. Note that some useful equations are not given (e.g., orbital
velocity, Kepler’s third law, moment of inertia, projectile motion) and that
some given equations (universal gravitational potential energy, for example)
are unlikely to be used. The equation sheet does, however, provide a solid
foundation. A well-prepared student will be able to find and understand every
equation on it.
Although you may not use your calculator often during the exam, one is
allowed throughout. Check the College Board website for an approved list of
calculators. Generally, all scientific and graphing calculators are allowed.
You should make sure you have extra batteries for your calculator during the
exam. A ruler is also permitted, but its usefulness is likely limited to drawing

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