ATI Pharmacology Practice Exam With Answers (313 Solved Questions)

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1.1) A nurse is caring for a client withhyperparathyroidism and notes that theclient's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL.Which medication should the nurse prepareto administer as prescribed to the client?1.Calciumchloride2.Calciumgluconate3.Calcitonin(Miacalcin)4.Large doses ofvitaminD2.2.)Oralironsupplementsareprescribedfora 6-year-old child withirondeficiencyanemia.Thenurse instructs the mothertoadminister theironwith which best fooditem?1.Milk2.Water3.Applejuice4.Orangejuice3.3.)Salicylicacidisprescribedforaclientwith a diagnosis ofpsoriasis.Thenursemonitorstheclient,knowingthatwhichofthefollowingwouldindicatethepresenceofsystemictoxicityfromthismedication?1.Tinnitus2.Diarrhea3.Constipation4.Decreasedrespirations4.4.)The camp nurse asks the childrenpreparing to swim in the lake if they haveapplied sunscreen. The nurse reminds thechildren that chemical sunscreens are mosteffective when applied:1.Immediately beforeswimming2.15minutesbeforeexposuretothesun3.Immediatelybeforeexposuretothesun4.Atleast30minutes beforeexposuretothesun5.5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) isprescribed for the client with a burn injury.When applying the medication, the clientcomplains of local discomfort andburning.Which of the following is the mostappropriate nursing action?1.Notifying the registerednurse2.Discontinuing themedication3.Informing the client that this isnormal4.Applyingathinnerfilmthanprescribedtotheburnsite3.Calcitonin(Miacalcin)Rationale:Thenormalserumcalciumlevelis8.6to10.0mg/dL.Thisclientisexperiencinghypercalcemia.Calciumgluconateandcalciumchloridearemedicationsusedforthetreatmentoftetany,which occurs as aresultof acutehypocalcemia. Inhypercalcemia,largedosesofvitaminDneedtobeavoided.Calcitonin,athyroidhormone,decreasestheplasma calcium level by inhibiting boneresorptionandloweringtheserum calciumconcentration.4.OrangejuiceRationale:Vitamin Cincreases theabsorption ofironbythebody.Themothershould beinstructedtoadministerthemedicationwithacitrusfruitorajuicethatishighinvitaminC.Milkmayaffectabsorptionoftheiron.Waterwillnotassistinabsorption.OrangejuicecontainsagreateramountofvitaminCthanapplejuice.1. TinnitusRationale:Salicylicacidisabsorbedreadilythroughtheskin,andsystemictoxicity(salicylism)canresult.Symptomsincludetinnitus,dizziness,hyperpnea,andpsychologicaldisturbances.Constipationanddiarrheaarenotassociatedwithsalicylism.4.Atleast30minutesbeforeexposuretothesunRationale:Sunscreensaremosteffectivewhenappliedatleast30minutesbeforeexposuretothesunsothattheycanpenetratetheskin.Allsunscreensshouldbereappliedafterswimming orsweating.3.InformingtheclientthatthisisnormalRationale:Mafenideacetateisbacteriostaticforgram-negativeandgram-positiveorganismsandisusedtotreatburnstoreducebacteriapresentinavasculartissues.Theclientshouldbeinformedthatthemedicationwillcauselocaldiscomfortandburningandthatthisisanormalreaction;thereforeoptions1,2,and4areincorrect

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