Construction CDT Exam With Answers (175 Solved Questions)

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CDT Exam questionsSelect the entity which is generally assigned the following duties and responsibilities bythe Conditions of the Contract: Protection of job site workers and stored materials.A-Architect/EngineerB-OwnerC-ContractorD-Varies, as stated in the Supplementary ConditionsE-None of the aboveReference: PDPG 5.4.1.7 and PDPG 15.12.11; EJCDC C-700 Paras. 7.12 through7.15; AIA A201 Sections 10.1, 10.2, and 10.4. Also see CCAPG 6.8; CCPG 9.14.Answer: C-Contractor. Safetyprovisions in both EJCDC and AIA documents clearlymake safety and protection of persons and property at the construction Site the soleresponsibility of the Contractor.Select the entity which is generally assigned the following duties and responsibilities bythe Conditions of the Contract: Resolution of claims.A-OwnerB-ContractorC-Varies, as stated in the Supplementary ConditionsD-Initial Decision MakerReference: PDPG 15.15.3; AIA A201 Sections 1.1.8 and 15.2. Also see CCAPGChapter 10 (particularly CCAPG 10.3)Answer: D-Initial Decision Maker. The Initial Decision Maker is an entity that existsonly in AIA documents and is not used in EJCDC documents. In AIA documents, whenan entity other than the Architect is named as the Initial Decision Maker, said entity isidentified in AIA A101 (Owner-Contractor Agreement) Section 6.1. In actual practicewith AIA documents, the Initial Decision Maker is typically the Architect, but may be athird party considered to be neutral.select the entity which is generally assigned the following duties and responsibilities bythe Conditions of the Contract: Paying taxes for the Work.A-Architect/EngineerB-OwnerC-ContractorD-Varies, as stated in the Supplementary ConditionsE-None of the aboveReference: EJCDC C-700 Para. 7.09; AIA A201 Section 3.6; PDPG 13.6.4.4 amongothers. Also see CCAPG 3.1.4.Answer: C-Contractor. Taxes are part of the cost of construction for which theContractor is responsible under the terms of the Contract Documents.

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For public work, where public owners are often exempt from certain sales and ues taxeson materials and equipment to be incorporated into the construction, typically anassociated Supplementary Conditions provision is necessary to properly indicate thestatutory requirements for taxes, which can vary significantly from state to state.select the entity which is generally assigned the following duties and responsibilities bythe Conditions of the Contract: Right to stop work, if non-conforming Work fails tobecorrected.A-Architect/EngineerB-OwnerC-ContractorD-Varies, as stated in the Supplementary ConditionsE-None of the aboveReference: PDPG 15.9.5.1; EJCDC C-700 Para 14.06; AIA A201 Sections 2.4, 14.2 and14.3. Also see CCAPG 2.1; CCAPG 6.2.2;Answer: B-Owner. Standard contract documents such as EJCDC's and AIA's reserveto the Owner sole right to stop or suspend the Work if the Work does not comply withthe Contract Documents. This right is solely the Owner's, and should never be assumedby or delegated to the A/E (or a construction manager), because stopping the Work isan extreme action that almost always results in a delay Claim from the Contractor foradditional time and compensation. In EJCDC and AIA documents, the A/E does nothaveauthority to stop or suspend the Work for non-conformance because issuing suchan order is tantamount to opening the Owner's checkbook and handing out money.Which of the following is part of the construction documents but not part of the ContractDocuments?A-Procurement FormsB-AgreementC-Performance BondD-General ConditionsE-AddendaF-Contract ModificationsReference: PDPG 12.1 and PDPG 12.2; EJCDC C-700 Paras. 1.01.A.6 and 7; AIAA201 Section 1.1.1; and "The Diagram". Also see CCAPG 1.3.1; CCAPG 8.2. Also seeCSPG Chapter 9Answer: A-Procurement Forms (also known as the Bid Form and its supplements).The Procurement (Bidding) Requirements, which include the advertisement or invitationto bid, instructions to bidders/proposers, bid form, bid bond form (if any), qualificationsstatement (if any), and other bid form supplements (if any), are required only for theProject's procurement (bidding/pricing) stage and therefore are not typically consideredto be "Contract Documents" (remember:"Contract Documents" exist only after theparties have both signed the Owner-Contractor Agreement).

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If you are still having trouble wrapping your mind around this, consider that theProcurement (Bidding) requirements are necessary for, and apply only through, theprocurement (bidding) stage—they address matters only until the Owner-ContractorAgreement is signed and the Contract becomes effective. Therefore, the Procurement(Bidding) Requirements are not necessary once the Contract is in effect.46a: Whatis the "glue" that binds the Contract Documents together?Reference: PDPG 11.1.2; PDPG 11.1.5. Also see CSPG Chapter 5, "Agreements".Answer: If you answered "Agreement" you would not be entirely correct the correctanswer is "signed Agreement" (see PDPG Figure 11.1)True or False: The Contracting Requirements include the performance bond.Reference: MasterFormat Division 00 (particularly 00 50 00 through 00 99 99); and "TheDiagram".Answer: True. MasterFormat titles Division 00 as "Procurement andContractingRequirements". Procurement (Bidding) Requirements are those documents that pertainonly to the procurement (bidding) stage (e.g., advertisement or instructions to bidders,advertisement or invitation to bid, instructions to bidders/proposers, bid form, bid bondform (if any), bidder qualifications statement (if any), and other bid form supplements (ifany). MasterFormat assigns these documents between 00 10 00 and 00 49 99.The "Contracting Requirements" are the balance of Division 00 (per MasterFormat,documents between 00 50 00 and 00 99 99), including the Agreement form and itssupplements (if any); project forms (including the performance bond and paymentbond); "conditions of the contract"; and revisions/clarifications/modifications (includingAddenda).46c: Project-specific insurance requirements would usually be included in the ____ (fillin the blank).Reference: PDPG 12.5. Also see CSPG Chapter 17Answer: Supplementary Conditions. Project-specific insurance requirements, such asthe specific types of insurance and minimum coverage limits required, are typically inthe Supplementary Conditions. This is always the case with EJCDC documents, andwas the case with AIA documents until the 2017 edition of AIA A201 and AIA A101.Both AIA A201and EJCDC C-700 (General Conditions) contain basic insuranceprovisions. But for the Owner to require that the Contractor furnish general liabilityinsurance of not less than a certain coverage amount, or to require that the Contractorfurnish a certain type of railroad protective liability insurance, such requirements wouldbe in the Supplementary Conditions (EJCDC C-800, Supplementary Conditions,includes model language, as does AIA A503—2007). However, with its 2017documents, the AIA extracted the specific requirements for certain types of insuranceand created at new exhibit to AIA A101 (Owner-Contractor Agreement). Thus, as of2017, AIA includes Project-specific insurance requirements in an exhibit to theAgreement.Also see EJCDC C-700 Article 6 andEJCDC C-800, Guide to the Preparation of

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Supplementary Conditions, provisions numbered SC-6.0x. Alternatively, see AIA A201Section 11 and the insurance exhibit to AIA A101—2017.Note that EJCDC C-800 and AIA A101 are not materials required for the CDT exams,but are extremely useful in the actual practice of preparing Supplementary Conditions.Arcadis US Water's Standard Supplementary Conditions ("Document 00 73 01") isdeveloped closely from EJCDC C-800.After evaluating a request for interpretation (RFI), which of the following steps would notbe applicable according to EJCDC:A-A/E responds directly on the RFI formB-A/E issues Supplemental InstructionsC-A/E issues a Field OrderD-A/E prepares a Proposal RequestReference: PDPG 15.11.1.2 andPDPG 15.11.2.1; EJCDC C-700 Paras. 3.03 and 3.04;AIA A201 Section 1.1.1. Also see CCAPG 8.1.2 and CCAPG Chapter 9.Answer: B-Supplemental Instructions. The key to this question is understanding thatEJCDC documents do not account for "Supplemental Instructions".Both EJCDC and AIA have a contractual mechanism for the A/E to order "minorchanges" (changes that do not affect the Contract Price or Contract Times) in the Work;EJCDC calls it a Field Order (EJCDC C-942) and the AIA calls the document"Architect's Supplemental Instructions" (AIA G710).When responding to a RFI, the A/E may provide a response directly on the RFI form(very common). Where the RFI response requires a minor change (no effect on price ortime), a Field Order (EJCDC) or Architect'sSupplemental Instructions (AIA) oftenaccompanies the RFI response. Where the response to the RFI results in a potentialchange in price, time, or both, the RFI response should be accompanied by a ProposalRequest.RFI responses, alone, should NEVER be used to attempt to modify the requirements ofthe Contract. RFI responses are not, themselves, Contract Documents.Which of the following is true regarding Conditions of the Contract:A-Are an inherent part of the AgreementB-Are an inherent part of the specificationsC-With the Agreement govern the content of the entire ContractD-Answers A and CE-None of the aboveReference: PDPG 12.3.2, PDPG 12.3.3, and PDPG Figure 11.21; and "The Diagram".Also see CCAPG 1.3.1. Also see CSPG Chapter 6.Answer: D-Answers A and C. "Conditions of the Contract" are, according to AIA andCSI (but not EJCDC) the General Conditions and the Supplementary Conditions. The

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answer is not "B" because the General Requirements (not the Conditions of theContract) administratively govern the Work indicated in the Specifications.Multiple-prime contracts are normally a part of:A-Turn-key constructionB-Negotiated contractsC-Long duration construction projectsD-Fast-track constructionReference: PDPG 5.8.4.2 andPDPG 11.4.1. Also see CCAPG 1.4.2.--------------------------------------Answer: D-Fast-track construction. "Fast-track" does not mean only that the Contractorbuilds the project quickly, but rather is most-often used for describing projects where theconstruction of "early-start" activities (such as site clearing, excavation, and foundationconstruction, for example) commence in the field while the A/E is still designing the restof the project. Thus, the Contractor may be building the foundation and site work (buriedutilities, rough grading, etc.) while the A/E is still designing the facility's mechanical,plumbing, and electrical systems. In fast-track projects, the building may be dividedamong ten or more separate prime contractors. Coordinating multiple prime contracts isoften very challenging and presents increased risk to both the Owner and A/E,particularly when design changes affect already-completed elements of theconstruction. In return, the Owner gets a project completed more-quickly, although likelyfor increased cost.In addition to using multiple-prime construction contracts for fast-tracking, multipleprimes is required for most public works projects in certain jurisdictions, including NewYork State, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. Priorto 2010, North Carolina essentiallyabandoned its multiple-prime public contracting requirement for public work and, in2011, Ohio enacted legislation that significantly weakened Ohio's multiple-prime publiccontracting statutes. All other states in the United States allow public work to beconstructed using a single prime construction contract.A submittal log should be maintained by:A-A/EB-OwnerC-ContractorD-A and CE-All of the aboveReference: PDPG 15.8.5 and PDPG 15.14. Also see CCAPG5.8.Answer: D-A and C. Although all participants in the construction submittals processshould track and log submittals for which they are responsible, the Contractor and A/Eare responsible for, respectively, submitting and reviewing, all submittals required underthe Contract Documents, and hence both have primary responsibility to track the statusof submittals via a submittal log.

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Both EJCDC and AIA documents require submittal logs, which are contractually theContractor's responsibility. EJCDC C-700 refers to this as a "Schedule of Submittals"and AIA A201 calls it a "Submittal Schedule". For additional information, refer to EJCDCC-700's and AIA A201's provisions on the schedule of submittals. Neither, however,addresses the A/E's typical responsibility to also track progress on the contractually-required submittals.The Procurement Documents include all of the following EXCEPT:A-Procurement RequirementsB-Contract ModificationsC-Project ManualD-DrawingsReference: PDPG 11.1 and PDPGChapter 12; EJCDC C-700 Para. 1.01.A.6 and1.01.A.7; AIA A201 Section 1.1.1; and "The Diagram". Also see CCAPG 1.3.1; CCAPG8.2. Also see CSPG Chapter 9.--------------------------------------Answer: B-Contract Modifications. Procurement (Bidding) Documents are issued forthe procurement (bidding/pricing) stage, before there are any "Contract Documents"(e.g., before the Owner-Contractor Agreement is signed); thus, there is no "contract" tomodify until the Agreement is signed by both parties. The way that the Procurement(Bidding) Documents are modified prior to the opening of Bids is via Addenda.A Construction manager is hired by the Owner to do all of the following except:A-Assist in procuring the contractorB-Administer the projectC-Provideobservation services at the construction siteD-Supervise the A/EReference: PDPG 7.4. Also see CCAPG 1.4.2. Also see CSPG 1.14.2.Answer: D-Supervise the A/E. However, this question is difficult because the extent towhich Answers "A", "B" and "C" are true or false depends on the form of constructionmanager project delivery.Answer "A" is true for CMa-construction manager as an advisor. Answer "A" is false forCMAR-construction manager at risk (where the construction manager becomes thegeneralcontractor upon the start of construction), because the CMAR is the Contractorand would monitor Subcontractors (e.g., instead of the CM monitoring the Contractor).Answer "B" is sometimes true—for example, in standard documents from theConstruction Management Association of America (CMAA) and AGC's ConsensusDocsthe CM is given authority to act on the Owner's behalf. However, in standard documentsby the AIA and in EJCDC's forthcoming CMa-Series documents, the CM does not haveauthority to act on the Owner's behalf.Answer "C" is typically true for CMa project delivery. In CMAR delivery, the CMAR is the

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contractor and therefore supervises the construction instead of merely observing theWork.Answer "D" is always false because the CM never supervises the Architect or theEngineer. Because they are required to have a professional license and registration inthe state(s) where they practice, A/Es cannot, by definition, be "supervised" by anyonewho does not want to assume the A/E's professional liability.Thus, Answer "D" is thecorrect choice for this question.A facility's "life cycle" includes all of the following EXCEPT:A-Project ConceptionB-FinancingC-ConstructionD-Facility ManagementReference: PDPG Chapter 2 (especially PDPG 2.2).--------------------------------------Answer: B-Financing. Answer choices "A", "C", and "D" are all part of the facility's lifecycle as defined by CSI in PDPG 2.2; being familiar with CSI's "facility life cycle"concept will likely be worth a few points onthe CDT exam.While "financing" is a stage of the facility life cycle as defined by the Associated GeneralContractors of America (AGC); however, AGC's ConsensusDocs documents are not thebasis for any of CSI's exams."Resource drawings" serve which purpose?A-Show existing work that is to be modifiedB-Show construction related to the work, but which is not included in the contractC-Provide the owner with a set of documents that will facilitate operationD-Drawings prepared by manufacturers, suppliers, and the contractor to illustrateportions of the workReference: PDPG 11.2.4. Also see CCAPG 1.3.2.1.Answer: B-Show construction related to the work, but which is not included in thecontract. Although resource drawings are included by some A/E's in the "informationavailable to Bidders" in the Procurement (Bidding) Requirements (MasterFormatassigns "00 31 16, Measured Drawing Information", among others), Arcadis US Waterdiscourages issuing resource drawings, measured drawings, or existing recorddrawings as part of the Bidding Documents, or binding them into the Project Manual.EJCDC C-700 Paras. 5.03.B and 5.06.B expressly state that reports and drawings ofexisting subsurface and physical conditions, and reports and drawings of a HazardousEnvironmental Condition at the Site are not Contract Documents.Answer "A" is nebulous; existing facilities to be modified will typically be shown on the

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Drawings that are part of the Contract Documents. Answer "C" is describing recorddocuments. Answer "D" is describing Shop Drawings.25. For this question, select the entity which is generally assigned the following dutiesand responsibilities by the Conditions of the Contract: Paying taxes for the Work.A-Architect/EngineerB-OwnerC-ContractorD-Varies, as stated in the Supplementary ConditionsE-None of the aboveReference: EJCDC C-700 Para. 7.09; AIA A201 Section 3.6; PDPG 13.6.4.4 amongothers. Also see CCAPG 3.1.4.Answer: C-Contractor. Taxes are part of the cost of construction for which theContractor is responsible under the terms of the Contract Documents.For public work, where public owners are often exempt from certain sales and ues taxeson materials and equipment to be incorporated into the construction, typically anassociatedSupplementary Conditions provision is necessary to properly indicate thestatutory requirements for taxes, which can vary significantly from state to state.For this question, select the entity which is generally assigned the following duties andresponsibilities by the Conditions of the Contract: Right to stop work, if non-conformingWork fails to be corrected.A-Architect/EngineerB-OwnerC-ContractorD-Varies, as stated in the Supplementary ConditionsE-None of the aboveReference: PDPG 15.9.5.1; EJCDC C-700 Para 14.06; AIA A201 Sections 2.4, 14.2 and14.3. Also see CCAPG 2.1; CCAPG 6.2.2;Answer: B-Owner. Standard contract documents such as EJCDC's and AIA's reserveto the Owner sole right to stop or suspend the Work if the Work does not comply withthe Contract Documents. This right is solely the Owner's, and should never be assumedby or delegated to the A/E (or a construction manager), because stopping the Work isan extreme action that almost always results in a delay Claim from the Contractor foradditional time and compensation. In EJCDC and AIA documents, the A/E does nothave authority to stop or suspend the Work for non-conformance because issuing suchan order is tantamount to opening the Owner's checkbook and handing out money.While EJCDC's and AIA's standard documents empower the A/E to "reject defectiveWork" (i.e., refuse to recommend payment for such Work and refuse to accept defectiveWork, thus keeping the Contract open, but the A/E does not have the authority to stopor suspend the Work. Only the Owner has the authority to order the Contractor to stopor suspend the Work.

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EJCDC C-700 Para. 1.02.D defines "defective Work" as follows: "The word "defective,"when modifying the word "Work," refers to Work that is unsatisfactory, faulty, ordeficient in that it: (a) does not conform to the Contract Documents; or (b) does notmeet the requirements of any applicable inspection, reference standard, test, orapproval referred to in the Contract Documents; or (c) has been damaged prior toEngineer's recommendation of final payment (unless responsibility for the protectionthereof has been assumed by Owner at Substantial Completion in accordance withParagraph 15.03 or 15.04)."21. All of the following are AIA construction contract modifications EXCEPT:A-Change OrderB-Architect's Supplemental InstructionsC-Field OrderD-Construction Change DirectiveReference: PDPG 15.11.2.1; EJCDC C-700 Paras. 1.01.A.21 and 11.01; AIA A201Section 1.1.1. Also see CCAPG 8.2. Also see CSPG Chapter 9—particularly CSPG 9.6.--------------------------------------Answer: C-Field Order. While a Field Order is not a document used or recognized bythe AIA, it is defined at EJCDC C-700 Para. 1.01.A.21. EJCDC publishes a standardfield order form,EJCDC C-941 ("Field Order"); CSI also publishes a field order form.Both a Field Order (EJCDC, DBIA, CSI) and "Architect's Supplemental Instructions"form (AIA G710) are used by the A/E to order minor changes in the Work that do notresult in changes in the Contract Price or the Contract Times; although there are someminor differences between them, the use of both a Field Order and AIA's "Architect'sSupplemental Instructions" form are similar.. For this question, select the entity which is generally assigned the following duties andresponsibilities by the Conditions of the Contract: Furnishing property insurance for thework under construction:A-Architect/EngineerB-OwnerC-ContractorD-Varies, as stated in the Supplementary ConditionsE-Noneof the aboveReference: PDPG 12.5.2; AIA A201 Section 11.2.2; AIA A101 Insurance Exhibit SectionA.2.3 (AIA A101 and its related insurance exhibit document are not source materials forthe CDT exam). Also see CSPG 17.4, which is a comprehensive introduction toproperty insurance.--------------------------------------Answer: B-Owner. Construction property insurance is a separate policy from theContractor's and Owner's own general liability policies; property insurance coverslosses to the Work and other property at the Site. There are two broad types of propertyinsurance: (1) "normal" property insurance, maintain by the property's owner, and (2)

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construction stage property insurance covering the materials and equipment to beincorporated into the construction, typically called, "builder's risk" insurance. Builder'srisk insurance is typically in effect only through Substantial Completion of theconstruction, after which property insurance coverage should be transitioned to theOwner's regular propertyinsurance policy.Builder's risk insurance is typically desirable when the Project includes construction ofor modifications to some type of structure or building. A special form of builder's riskinsurance—called an "installation floater"—can be obtainedto cover materials to beinstalled into construction that is not in a building or structure; for example, for protectionagainst loss to waterline pipe stored trench-side.PDPG 12.5.2 presents a basic overview of property insurance, and indicates that theOwner "typically" obtains the builder's risk insurance. AIA A201 implies, and AIA A101-Insurance Exhibit states that the Owner furnishes the builder's risk insurance unlessexpressly indicated otherwise in the Contract. In private work, it is perhaps most-common for the Owner to furnish the builder's risk insurance, and thus the best answerchoice is "B-Owner".That said, many projects, including most public works projects, require that theContractor furnish the builder's risk insurance. In fact, thisis the default requirement ofEJCDC C-700 Para. 6.05.The reality is that public owners typically desire to not procure builder's risk insurance.But in certain circumstances—such as work to modify or rehabilitate an existing facilitythat remains in operation during construction—it may be advantageous to the Owner tofurnish the builder's risk insurance. In the event of a loss under the builder's risk policy,the Owner can coordinate with its own property insurance to proceed swiftly towardhaving the loss remedied and to get the facility back into service, as opposed to havingto work with both the Owner's normal property insurance carrier and the Contractor'sbuilder's risk insurance carrier. However, each project is different and Owner'spreferences and direction relative to the procurement of builder's risk insurance are tobe respected by the A/E or other entity drafting the construction documents' Division 00requirements (where provisions on insurance are located).Insurance is a very complex topicand most A/Es and owners' project personnel aretypically unfamiliar and perhaps uncomfortable with the topic. However, it is importantfor A/Es and owners to understand the basics of construction insurance. CSI's PDPGand CSPG present very good, basic overviews of the topic. In the coming weeks we willalso share with our CSI Program participants some supplemental information on the"arcane" but vital topic of construction insurance.The Owner should always direct the A/E in the types of insurance and coverageamounts required. EJCDC C-051 and EJCDC C-052, or AIA G612 are usefuldocuments for documenting the Owner's instructions relative to insurance requirements.

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A/Es are design professionals—not risk advisors or insurance counselors—and shouldavoid giving, and appearing to give, insurance advice.1. What establishes the relationship between the Contractor and the Architect/Engineer(A/E)?A-National lawsB-Signed agreementsC-Third-party obligationsD-Special conditionsReference: See PDPG Section 5.2 ("PDPG 5.2") and PDPG Figure 5.1.--------------------------------------Answer: C-Third-party obligations. The Contractor and the A/E do not have any signedagreements, the general terms and conditions of their respective contracts with theOwner provide them with third party obligations to each other.5. Which of the following would be included in the Information Available to Bidders?A-Bid Security informationB-Environmental Impact StatementC-Time of completion to construct the ProjectD-Description of the WorkReference: PDPG 12.2.3, and CSI MasterFormat 00 03 00.--------------------------------------Answer: B-Environmental Impact Statement. The information available to Bidders isthe place to provide reference information thatdoes not belong in the "ContractDocuments".Bid security information is included in the Instructions to Bidders.Time of completion ("Contract Times" in EJCDC, "Contract Time" in AIA documents) isan important contractual obligation—where would you think it should go? (Hint: inneither the Instructions to Bidders nor the information available to Bidders). Okay...we'lltell you. It's in the Owner-Contractor Agreement.Description of the Work is included throughout the construction Contract Documents,and is summarized in a Division 01 Specifications can you name the Division 01Section? (Hint: It's in a section called, "Summary of Work").What constitutes the "Contract Documents" is a very important concept, and we'll sharesome supplemental informationon that very soon. Also important is the concept of"information available to bidders"—such as information on subsurface conditions (likesoil borings), information on the presence of hazardous substances at the Site, and useof existing record documents.We will also distribute some supplemental information onthis important topic as well.

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6. The contractual relationship governed by the Conditions of the Contract is between:A-Owner and ContractorB-Architect/Engineer and ContractorC-Owner and SubcontractorsD-Architect/Engineer and SubcontractorsReference: PDPG 12.3.3. Also see CSPG Chapter 6 and CCAPG 1.3.Answer: A-The Owner and the Contractor. The Owner and the Contractor are theparties to the construction Contract, and hence are the principal subjects of the"Conditions of the Contract". "Conditions of the Contract" is AIA's and CSI's term for the"General Conditions and Supplementary Conditions". Yes, the duties of the A/E aredescribed to a large (but not necessarily full) extent in the "Conditions of the Contract",but the A/E's responsibilities are fully and properly set forth in the Owner-A/EAgreement. The Owner-A/E Agreement does not have General Conditions orSupplementary Conditions.EJCDC's standard "Conditions of the Contract"(note: the term "Conditions of theContract" is not used in EJCDC standard contract documents and, hence, should not beused in association with Arcadis U.S. Water's Standard Construction Documents; butyou will see the term on CSI's exams; "Conditions ofthe Contract" is an AIA term) areEJCDC C-700, Standard General Conditions of the Construction Contract, and EJCDCC-800, Guide to the Preparation of Supplementary Conditions. AIA's correspondingstandard Conditions of the Contract are AIA A201, StandardGeneral Conditions of theContract for Construction, and AIA A503, Guide for Supplementary Conditions.EJCDC C-700 is the standard general conditions used by Arcadis U.S. Water forconstruction contracts. Arcadis U.S. Water's Standard Supplementary Conditions arevery-closely based on EJCDC C-800. EJCDC C-700 and EJCDC C-800 are the mostwidely-used "Conditions of the Contract" for engineer-led projects (especially for publicwork) in the United States for design-bid-build delivery. AIA A201 and AIA A503 are themost-widely used "Conditions of the Contract" for vertical (architect-led) construction(design-bid-build) in the United States.Other nations have their own, popular standard construction contracts. In Canada, thedocuments of the Canadian Construction Documents Committee (CCDC) are widelyused by both architects and engineers. Still others are used in the UK and Europe, andelsewhere.Takeaways: (1) there are many types of standard construction documents such as AIAand EJCDC, and (2) for design-bid-build delivery, as well as construction manager asadvisor (CMa) and construction manager as contractor (CMc), the "Conditions of theContract" are part of the Owner-Contractor Contract.7. A unit price contract is used when:A-Extent of the Work cannot be fully determined or where actual quantities cannot be

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accurately calculated prior to constructionB-Extent of the Work is known, but the Owner desires a unit cost for portions of theWorkC-It is anticipated that Bidders will not examine soil bearing reports prior to submittingtheir BidD-Bidding quantities of equipmentReference: PDPG 13.10.5; PDPG 13.8.3; also PDPG 12.2.4 (procurement forms). Alsosee CCAPG 11.3 and 11.5. Also see CSPG 7.8; and CSPG 7.5.2.--------------------------------------Answer: A-Extent of the Work cannot be fully determined or where actual quantitiescannot be accurately calculated prior to construction. Use of unit prices, allowances, oralternates should always be limited to those items required for accurate bidding/pricing,to keep the Bidding Documents and processes as simple as possible.. An addendum cannot be used to change the:A-Contract SumB-Date and time for receipt of BidsC-Quality of the WorkD-Quantity of the WorkReference: and PDPG 13.4.2.8 and 15.11.2.3, and EJCDC C-700 Paragraph 1.01.A.1;AIA A201 Section 1.1.1. Also see CCAPG 8.3. Also see CSPG 9.4.--------------------------------------Answer: A-Contract Sum. Why, you ask? Because Addenda are issued during thebidding (procurement) stage (see Question No. 8), before there is a signed Contractbetween the Owner and Contractor, and therefore, are issued before there is a ContractSum. When issued prior to the receipt of Bids (or, with AIA documents, prior to thesignature of the Owner-Contractor Agreement), an Addendum can be used to changethe date for receipt of Bids, the required quality of the Work, and the scope or extent ofthe Work..What would one use to change the Contract Price (Contract Sum in AIA documents)?Hint: It's not an Addendum. For more on how the Contract Price/Contract Sum ismodified, see PDPG 15.11.2.3, CCAPG 8.3, CSPG 9.4; EJCDC C-700 Paras. 11.02,11.04, and 11.05; and AIA A201 Sections 7.1 and 7.2.10. Which of the following is a true statement about addenda?A-They typically arise from a change orderB-They are part of the contract documentsC-They are listed in Division 01-General RequirementsD-They can be issued at any time during the contract periodReference: PDPG 13.4.2.8; EJCDC C-700 Para1.01.A.13 and EJCDC C-520 Para.9.01; AIA A201 Section 1.1.1 and AIA A101 Section 9.1; and "The Diagram". Also see

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CCAPG 1.3.1.--------------------------------------Answer: B-They are part of the contract documents. This one is a little tricky. Duringthe procurement (bidding) stage, there is no Contract, and because Addenda are issuedduring the procurement (bidding) stage, how can they be part of the ContractDocuments? Well, they BECOME part of the Contract Documents when the Owner-Contractor Agreement is signed. While the answer says they "ARE" part of the ContractDocuments, they are at a point in time after signing the Owner-Contractor Agreement.All of the other choices to this question are COMPLETELY wrong, so Answer "B" is thebest answer out of the choices available.For a list of what constitutes the "Contract Documents", see EJCDC C-520 (Owner-Contractor Agreement), Paragraph 9.01, and AIA A101 (Owner-Contractor Agreement),Articles 1 and 9, and AIA A201 Paragraph 1.1.1.11. Select the entity which is essentially assigned the following duties andresponsibilities by the Conditions of the Contract-Furnishing surveys and utilitylocations:A-Architect/EngineerB-OwnerC-ContractorD-Varies, as stated in the Supplementary ConditionsE-None of the aboveReference: PDPG 12.2.3.1; EJCDC C-700 Paras. 4.03 and 5.05, and AIA A201Sections 2.3.4 and 2.3.5. Also see especially CCAPG 3.8.9 and 3.8.10. Also seeEJCDC E-500 (Owner-Engineer Agreement) Para. B2.01.D (in Exhibit B), and AIA B101(Owner-Architect Agreement) Section 5.4Answer: B-Owner. Because the Owner furnishes the Site for the Contractor toconstruct the Work, the Owner is in the best position to have available and furnishsurveys and utility locations. It is common, however, for the Owner to make obtainingand furnishing to the Contractor such information part of the A/E's scope of professionalservices.However, as the entity in control of the Site—particularly for remodeling or rehabilitationof an existing facility—the Owner should maintain a complete file of information about itsown property, including surveys, utility information, reports of previous investigations ofsubsurface conditions and the presence at the Site of a Hazardous EnvironmentalCondition (including the presence of common substances such as asbestos, lead-basedpaint, and PCBs), and record drawings of existing conditions.12. Which of the following documents would typically not be produced during theschematic design phase of the Project's Design Stage?A-SketchesB-Outline specificationsC-Models

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D-Preliminary project descriptionsReference: PDPG 2.2 and 2.3; and PDPG 9.4, 9.12, 9.13. 9.14, and PDPG 11.1 and11.3.11.--------------------------------------Answer: B-Outline specifications. PDPG 9.14.2 expressly states that outlinespecifications are developed during the design development phase.Especially refer to PDPG 9.12 through 9.14 and PDPG 11.1 and PDPG 11.3.11(knowledge of these sections could be worth several points on the CDT exam).It is very important understand that different entities (such as CSI, EJCDC, and AIA,among others) have different terms for parts of the Project's design stage, as set forth inPDPG 2.3.Answer choices "sketches" and "preliminary project descriptions" are clearly preparedduring the schematic design phase, as indicated in PDPG 9.13 and PDPG 11.3.11."Scaled models" are also prepared during the schematic design phaseper PDPG9.13.1. (In 2010, CSI published an entire book with suggested formats for preliminaryproject descriptions, titled PPDFormat, which is not a required study item for theexams.)AIA B101 defines "schematic design phase", "design development phase", and"construction documents phase". EJCDC E-500 defines the following phases: "studyand report phase" (not part of "design"), "preliminary design phase", and "final designphase". As noted in PDPG 2.3, other industry-standard documents (not covered on theCDT exam) contain yet other variations on these terms!In 2011 CSI standardized (more-or-less) on AIA's terms (schematic design, designdevelopment, and contract documents phase); EJCDC divides the design stage into twoparts: "preliminary design" and"final design".For the exam, be familiar with CSI's terms in PDPG; for actual practice within theArcadis U.S. Water Business Line, be familiar with (and use) the terminology in EJCDCdocuments.13. Allowances, alternates, and unit prices are used to control all of the followingEXCEPT:A-Indeterminate itemsB-Postponement of decisionsC-Contractor selectionD-Construction costsReference: PDPG 13.8 and PDPG 13.4.2.13. Also see CSPG 7.6, 7.7, and 7.8.Answer: C-Contractor selection. Under thedesign-bid-build project delivery method,Contractor selection is determined during the procurement (bidding) stage, whether by

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