Critical Analysis of U.S. Intervention in the Balkans: A Strategic and Ethical Evaluation
Review of U.S. intervention in the Balkans from a strategic perspective.
Evelyn Morris
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ARGUMENT MAPPING 1
Critical Analysis of U.S. Intervention in the Balkans: A Strategic and Ethical
Evaluation
ARGUMENT MAPPING
Week 3 Assignment #1
Joseph Brown
Dr. Richard Freeman
PAD-520
April 23, 2013
Create an argument map based on the influence diagram presented in Case 1.3 and
complete all the criteria provided in the exercise, beginning with this claim: “The U.S.
should return to the 55- mph speed limit in order to conserve fuel and save lives.”
“The law was a response to the 1973 oil embargo, and its intent was to reduce fuel consumption.
In the year after the National Maximum Speed Law was enacted, road fatalities declined 16.4%,
from 54052 in 1973 to 45196 in 1974” (Friedman & Hedeker, 2009). In 1974, the federal
government passed the National Maximum Speed Law, which restricted the maximum
permissible vehicle speed limit to 55 miles per hour (mph) on all interstate roads in the United
States. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, “you can assume that each 5 mph
you drive over 50 mph is like paying an additional $0.25 per gallon for gas, in additional; driving
each vehicle reaches its optimal fuel economy at a different speed; gas mileage usually decreases
rapidly at speeds above 50 mph”. Aggressive driving to incudes; speeding, rapid acceleration and
Critical Analysis of U.S. Intervention in the Balkans: A Strategic and Ethical
Evaluation
ARGUMENT MAPPING
Week 3 Assignment #1
Joseph Brown
Dr. Richard Freeman
PAD-520
April 23, 2013
Create an argument map based on the influence diagram presented in Case 1.3 and
complete all the criteria provided in the exercise, beginning with this claim: “The U.S.
should return to the 55- mph speed limit in order to conserve fuel and save lives.”
“The law was a response to the 1973 oil embargo, and its intent was to reduce fuel consumption.
In the year after the National Maximum Speed Law was enacted, road fatalities declined 16.4%,
from 54052 in 1973 to 45196 in 1974” (Friedman & Hedeker, 2009). In 1974, the federal
government passed the National Maximum Speed Law, which restricted the maximum
permissible vehicle speed limit to 55 miles per hour (mph) on all interstate roads in the United
States. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, “you can assume that each 5 mph
you drive over 50 mph is like paying an additional $0.25 per gallon for gas, in additional; driving
each vehicle reaches its optimal fuel economy at a different speed; gas mileage usually decreases
rapidly at speeds above 50 mph”. Aggressive driving to incudes; speeding, rapid acceleration and
ARGUMENT MAPPING 2
braking wastes gas. Sensible driving can lower your gas mileage and also safer for you and
others, so you may save more than gas money.
Some studies show that drivers are changing their habits or lifestyle in a number of ways to
offset gas prices. According to an AAA national survey of 1,011 adults in March, consumers
reported changing their habits in the following ways:
86% Driving less,
54% driving a more fuel-efficient cars,
33% carpooling, and
15% using public transportation.
U.S. gasoline demand has been relatively low at about 8.3 million barrels a day recently,
compared with a more typical 9 million barrels per day, said John Zehler Jr., president of
Virginia Fuels Inc. of Mechanicsville, a fuels distributor.
One expert says reducing highway speeds from 70 mph to 60 mph would reduce gasoline
consumption between 2% and 3%. That could translate into a price reduction of as much as 10%.
At today's price, almost 38 cents a gallon. But on the other hand, James Baxter is opposing such.
Mr.s Baxter is currently the president of the National Motorists Association, which lobbies to
preserve the rights of drivers. According to him, Cars going 55 mph get noticeably better
mileage than cars going 75 mph. With arbitrary, low, speed limits, that advantage is reduced by
interrupted traffic flow, darting, weaving, braking, and accelerating as faster traffic beats its way
through slower traffic scattered across all lanes of the highway. Compare this with a highway
with a more reasonable and accommodating speed limit where the traffic moves more in sync
and there is less braking and accelerating and the slower traffic stays out of the left-most passing
lane.
braking wastes gas. Sensible driving can lower your gas mileage and also safer for you and
others, so you may save more than gas money.
Some studies show that drivers are changing their habits or lifestyle in a number of ways to
offset gas prices. According to an AAA national survey of 1,011 adults in March, consumers
reported changing their habits in the following ways:
86% Driving less,
54% driving a more fuel-efficient cars,
33% carpooling, and
15% using public transportation.
U.S. gasoline demand has been relatively low at about 8.3 million barrels a day recently,
compared with a more typical 9 million barrels per day, said John Zehler Jr., president of
Virginia Fuels Inc. of Mechanicsville, a fuels distributor.
One expert says reducing highway speeds from 70 mph to 60 mph would reduce gasoline
consumption between 2% and 3%. That could translate into a price reduction of as much as 10%.
At today's price, almost 38 cents a gallon. But on the other hand, James Baxter is opposing such.
Mr.s Baxter is currently the president of the National Motorists Association, which lobbies to
preserve the rights of drivers. According to him, Cars going 55 mph get noticeably better
mileage than cars going 75 mph. With arbitrary, low, speed limits, that advantage is reduced by
interrupted traffic flow, darting, weaving, braking, and accelerating as faster traffic beats its way
through slower traffic scattered across all lanes of the highway. Compare this with a highway
with a more reasonable and accommodating speed limit where the traffic moves more in sync
and there is less braking and accelerating and the slower traffic stays out of the left-most passing
lane.
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Subject
Political Science