Essentials of Business Statistics: Communicating With Numbers 1st Edition Test Bank

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1-1Chapter 01Statistics and DataTrue / False Questions1.A knowledgeof statistics provides the necessary tools to differentiate between sound andquestionable conclusions.TrueFalse2.Statistics is the methodology of extracting unnecessary information from a data set.TrueFalse3.The branch of statistical studies calleddescriptive statisticssummarizes important aspects of adata set.TrueFalse4.The branch of statistical studies calledinferential statisticsrefers to drawing conclusions aboutsample data by analyzing the corresponding population.TrueFalse5.A population is a larger data set than its corresponding sample.TrueFalse6.Population parameters are used to estimatecorresponding sample statistics.TrueFalse7.Typically, it is possible to examine every member of the population.TrueFalse8.Cross-sectional data contain values of a characteristic of one subject collected over time.TrueFalse9.Time series data contain values of a characteristic of a subject over time.TrueFalse10.Sampling is often necessary due to the potential cost and time of gathering population data.TrueFalse11.Sampling allowsresearchers to draw conclusions about the population.TrueFalse

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1-212.A qualitative variable assumes meaningful numerical values.TrueFalse13.Both discrete and continuous variables may assume an uncountable number of values.TrueFalse14.A discrete variable cannot assume an infinite number of values.TrueFalse15.A continuous variable assumes any value from an interval (or collection of intervals).TrueFalse16.A professor's gender (male, female), as well as rank (assistant, associate, full), represents ordinaldata.TrueFalse17.A professor's rank (assistant, associate, full), as well as salary, represents ordinal data.TrueFalseMultiple Choice Questions18.The study ofstatistics can be defined asA.the language of data.B.the art and science of getting information from data.C.thestudy of collecting, analyzing, presenting, and interpreting data.D.All of the Answers.19.When reading published statistics (numerical facts), you should __________.A.never believe what you read, since all statistics are liesB.only believe those statistics that are adequately supportedC.believe what you read, since they wouldn't be published if they weren't correctD.only believe those statistics that are presented in so-called quality publications20.The twobranches of the study of statistics are generally referred to as ___________.A.descriptive and inferential statisticsB.inferential and differential statisticsC.descriptive and referential statisticsD.differential anddescriptive statistics

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1-321.Population parameters are difficult to calculate due to ______________.A.cost prohibitions on data collectionB.the infeasibility of collecting data on the entire populationC.the fact that samples aredifficult to draw due to the nature of the dataD.cost prohibitions on data collection and the infeasibility of collecting data on the entirepopulation22.The teachers union in California wants to know the average salary for high schoolteachersthroughout the country. What will the teachers union presumably calculate?A.Sample statisticB.Sample parameterC.Population statisticD.Population parameter23.A population consists of_________________.A.all items of interest in a sampleB.a subject of interest in a sampleC.all items of interest in a statistical problemD.a subject of interest in a statistical problem24.In inferential statistics, wecalculate statistics of sample data to ______________.A.estimate unknown population parametersB.conduct tests about unknown population parametersC.estimate unknown population parameters and conduct tests about unknown populationparametersD.None of the Answers25.Which of the following represents a population and a sample from that population?A.Residents of Albany, New York, and registered voters in Albany, New YorkB.Teachers in a high school andmembers of the parent teacher groupC.Fans at a concert who purchase t-shirts and fans at a concert who purchase sodaD.Freshmen at St. Joseph's University and basketball players at St. Joseph's University26.Which of the following is anexample of cross-sectional data?A.GDP of the United States from 1990-2010B.Daily price of DuPont stock during the first quarterC.Quarterly housing starts collected over the last 60 yearsD.Results of market research testingconsumer preferences for soda

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1-427.Which of the following is an example of time series data?A.The sales price of townhouses sold last yearB.Quarterly housing starts collected over the last 60 yearsC.Results of market researchtesting consumer preferences for sodaD.Starting salaries of recent business graduates at Penn State University28.The estimation of which of the following requires sampling?A.U.S. unemployment rateB.Total rainfall in Phoenix,Arizona, in 2010C.The Cleveland Indians' hitting percentage in 2010D.The average SAT score of incoming freshmen at a university29.A company wants to estimate the mean price of oil over the past 10 years. What kind of data doesthecompany need?A.Time series dataB.Inferential statisticsC.Cross-sectional dataD.Descriptive statistics30.For which of the following population parameters is sampling not necessary?A.The average height of NBAplayersB.The average life of light bulbs produced by a manufacturerC.The average content of cereal boxes produced by a manufacturerD.The percentage of the U.S. public school teachers who support Democrats31.Sampling is usedheavily in manufacturing and service settings to ensure high-quality products. Inwhich of the following areas would sampling be inappropriate?A.Computer assemblyB.Custom cabinet makingC.Cell phone manufacturingD.Technicalsupport by phone32.Which of the following are examples of cross-sectional data?A.The test scores of students in a classB.The current average prices of regular gasoline in different statesC.The sales prices ofsingle-family homes sold last month in CaliforniaD.All of the Answers

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1-533.An analyst studies a data set of the 2011 year-end book value per share for all companies listedon the New York Stock Exchange. This data set isbestdescribed as ____________.A.time series dataB.cross-sectional dataC.neither timeseries nor cross-sectional dataD.a combination of time series and cross-sectional data34.Which type of data, cross-sectional versus time series, is more important to research?A.Neither type of data is important.B.Cross-sectional data are more important than time series data.C.Time series data are more important than cross-sectional data.D.Time series data and cross-sectional data are equally as valuable in different types of research.35.Which ofthe following variables is qualitative?A.HeightB.GenderC.WeightD.Temperature36.Which of the following variables is quantitative?A.GenderB.TemperatureC.Marital statusD.Religious affiliation37.Which of the following is a quantitative variable?A.House ageB.House sizeC.House priceD.All of the Answers38.San Francisco 49ers linebacker Patrick Willis won the Defensive Rookie of the Year Award in2007 with a total of174 tackles. Tackles are measured on what kind of a scale? Is a variablemeasuring the number of tackles considered continuous or discrete?A.Ratio scale;discreteB.Interval scale;discreteC.Ratio scale;continuousD.Interval scale;continuous

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1-639.Which of the following variables is not continuous?A.Height of NBA playersB.Time of a flight between Atlanta and ChicagoC.Average temperature in the month of July in OrlandoD.The number of obtained heads when afair coin is tossed 20 times40.The ordinal scale of data measurement is ________________.A.less sophisticated than the nominal scaleB.more sophisticated than the interval scaleC.more sophisticated than the nominal scaleD.asequally sophisticated as the nominal scale41.The interval scale of data measurement is _______________.A.less sophisticated than the ratio scaleB.more sophisticated than the ratio scaleC.less sophisticated than the ordinalscaleD.equally sophisticated as the ratio scale because both are appropriate for quantitative data42.A recent survey of 200 small firms (annual revenue less than $10 million) asked whether anincrease in the minimum wage would cause the firm to decrease capital spending. Possibleresponses to the survey question were: "Yes," "No," or "Don't Know." These data arebestclassified as ____________.A.ratio scaleB.ordinal scaleC.interval scaleD.nominal scale43.Which scale of data measurement is appropriate for the names of companies listed on the DowJones IndustrialAverage?A.Ratio scaleB.Ordinal scaleC.Interval scaleD.Nominal scale44.An analyst collects data on the weekly closing price of gold throughout a year. The scale of thesedata is _________________.A.ratio scaleB.ordinal scaleC.interval scaleD.nominal scale

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1-745.An undergraduate student's status (freshman, sophomore, junior, senior) is an example of whichscale of measurement?A.Ratio scaleB.Ordinal scaleC.Interval scaleD.Nominal scale46.The Fahrenheit scale for measuring temperature would be classified as a(n) ___________.A.ratio scaleB.ordinal scaleC.interval scaleD.nominal scale47.At the end of a semester, college students evaluate their instructors by assigning them to one ofthe following categories: Excellent, Good, Average, Below Average, and Poor. The measurementscale is a(n) ____________.A.ratio scaleB.ordinal scaleC.interval scaleD.nominal scale48.What is the scale of measurement of the distance between any two locations?A.Ratio scaleB.Ordinal scaleC.Interval scaleD.Nominal scale49.Which scales of datameasurement are associated with quantitative data?A.Interval and ratioB.Ratio and nominalC.Ordinal and intervalD.Nominal and ordinal50.Which data scales of measurement are associated with qualitative data?A.Interval and ratioB.Ratio and nominalC.Ordinal and intervalD.Nominal and ordinal

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1-8Short Answer Questions51.Philadelphia experienced a record amount of rainfall in August of 2011. During the last week of themonth, theyreceived additional rain from a hurricane. Since global warming is thought to causeextreme weather patterns, one conclusion that could be drawn is that these patterns are evidenceof global warming. What is wrong with this conclusion?52.Administrators have concluded that the SAT exam results for 2011 show a distinct change instudent capabilities when compared with the year 1991. In 1991 the SAT exam included onlymultiple choice sections, and was later redesigned. What is wrong with this conclusion?53.A university is interested in tracking the success of its graduates by measuring the length of eachgraduate's job search before getting a position in his or her chosen field. How would you definethe appropriate population?

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1-954.We would like to determine whether there is a difference between the height of a college team ofbasketball players at The Ohio State University and that of the overall student body. Identify thetwo populations in this study.55.In each of the following statements, determine whether the branch of statistics is best classified asdescriptive statistics or inferential statistics.A. The average of a data set is equal to 35.7.B. The minimum value of a data set is78, and the maximum value is 146.C. Since the average age in a sample is 23, it is likely that the average age in the population isabout 23.D. Since the values in the sample are so widely dispersed, the spread of the population must behigh.56.A car company wants to know the average age of cars of their brand that are still on the road. Howwould you define the appropriate population? Will the car company calculate a populationparameter or sample statistic? Why?

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1-1057.What are the primary reasons why sampling is necessary?58.An investor wants to know today's average closing price of the stocks listed on the Standard andPoor's 500 Index. Will the investor calculate a population parameter or samplestatistic? Why?59.We would like to determine the average height of a college team of basketball players at The OhioState University. Is it necessary to take a sample of basketball players? Explain.60.We would like todetermine the average height of the overall student body at The Ohio StateUniversity. Does it seem necessary to take a sample from the overall student body?

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1-1161.Researchers are interested in completing a study examining trends in thesale of foods in theUnited States. They have decided to examine the quantity of organic vegetables sold bysupermarkets. Will researchers be able to gather population data?62.Every 10 years, a census is taken in the United States bythe Census Bureau. Despite the intentof gathering data on the population of the United States, issues exist that make true populationdata impossible to gather. Identify at least two issues in collecting these data.63.Social networking sites support themselves in large part by selling advertising space. The hit rateon these ads is a critical measure when trying to solicit advertising. The hit rate is used as ameasure of success for ads. How would you recommend a social networking site go aboutsampling to evaluate its existing ads?

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1-1264.The following table includes the number of white women over the age of 20 in the civilian laborforce. Since it is time series data, what would the entries of the first column refer to?Source: http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/dsrv65.A study of teen smoking is planned. Researchers are interested in collecting cross-sectional data,which allow them to draw conclusions about the likelihood, frequency, and longevity ofteensmoking. You have been asked to design this study and will collect no more than 5 pieces of data.What information will you collect?

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1-1366.Define the measurement scale of a car's fuel efficiency (measured in miles per gallon). Is a car'sfuel efficiency discrete or continuous?67.A study of teen smoking is planned. Researchers are interested in collecting data that allow themto draw conclusions about the likelihood, frequency, and longevity of teen smoking. The questionsasked include: "What is your gender?", "What is your age?", "Do you smoke (yes or no)?", "Howmany cigarettes per day do you smoke?", "For how long have you smoked (in years)?" What is themeasurement scale for each variable?

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1-1468.The following data represent a sample of property sales in Cape May County during the year2000. Identify the qualitative and quantitative variables. What are the natural categories for Townand Class? Identify the measurement scales for all variables.

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1-1569.The following data represent a sample of nonelementary mathematics teachers in BergenCounty, New Jersey. Identify the qualitative and quantitative variables, the categories associatedwith each qualitative variable, and the measurement scales for all variables.Source:http://php.app.com/edstaff/results2.php?county=BERGEN&district=%25&school=%25&lname=&fname=&job1=Math+Non-Elementary&Submit=Submit

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